Abstract: A quatemary ammonium salt of the following formula (1): {(R1)a(R2)b(R3)c(R4OCH2CH2OCH2CH2)dN}+.A???(1) [wherein, R1, R2 and R3 may be mutually the same or different and represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or analkyloxyethyl group of the formula (2): R5OCH2CH2—??(2) (wherein, R5 represents a methyl group or ethyl group), R4 represents a methyl group or ethyl group, and any two of R1, R2 and R3 may mutually bond at the end to form an alkylene chain, a, b and c represent an integer of 0 to 3, d represents an integer of 1 to 4, the sum of a, b and c is 3 or less, the sum of a, b, c and d is 4, and A? represents a bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imidate ion [N(SO2CF3)2?], tetrafluoroborate ion (BF4?) or hexafluorophosphate ion (PF6?)].

Abstract: A dihydroxy(3-pyridyl)borane compound of the formula (1): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, halogen atom or alkoxycarbonylamino group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group or fluoroalkyl group; with the proviso that the case wherein both R1 and R2 are hydrogen atoms is excepted.

Abstract: A method for producing a heterocyclic nitrile in high yield by a gas-phase catalytic reaction of a heterocyclic carboxylic acid or an ester thereof with ammonia in the presence of a catalyst comprising an oxide of at least one element selected from copper and zinc, and an effective method for producing a heterocyclic aldehyde, using the heterocyclic nitrile thus obtained as a starting material, are provided.

Abstract: High quality trimethylolalkane can be easily and efficiently produced at a high yield through a reaction between n-alkanal and formaldehyde in the presence of tertiary amine and water, in which a reaction mixture obtained after the reaction is heated up to a temperature at which a salt of tertiary amine with formic acid produced as a by-product can be thermally dissociated so as to distill tertiary amine and water from the reaction mixture, and a formate of trimethylolalkane produced in the distillation of tertiary amine and contained in a residue is reacted with water, ammonia, primary amine or secondary amine; and the tertiary amine distilled from the reaction mixture is reused in producing trimethylolalkane.

Abstract: High quality trimethylolalkane can be easily and efficiently produced at a high yield through a reaction between n-alkanal and formaldehyde in the presence of tertiary amine and water, in which a reaction mixture obtained aster the reaction is heated so that a salt of tertiary amine with formic acid produced as a by-product is decomposed into hydrogen and carbon dioxide and/or water and carbon monoxide, and tertiary amine; and the tertiary amine distilled from the reaction mixture is reused in producing trimethylolalkane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing pyridine bases which comprises reacting an aliphatic aldehyde and/or a ketone with ammonia in the presence of a catalyst in gaseous phase, said catalyst comprising a zeolite containing (a) an element belonging to the platinum group and (b) at least one element selected from the group consisting of the elements of Groups IIB, IIIA and IVA of the periodic table and the having an atomic ratio of Si to elements consisting of Al, B, Fe and/or Ga of about 12 to about 1,000 and a constraint indedx of about 0.8 to about 12.