Abstract: An optical system including a scan disc having concave reflectors thereon. As an optical printer, positioned adjacent to the scan disc are a corrector lens, a strip mirror, and a primary mirror. Positioned adjacent to the image plane are a field mirror and a pick-off mirror. Input light is directed onto the scan disc perpendicular to the plane of rotation. When one of the concave reflectors on the rotating scan disc is centered over one end of the strip mirror, the input light is brought to focus and is redirected to the primary mirror by the strip mirror. The primary mirror forms an image of the light spot after passing through the corrector lens. This image is intercepted by a field mirror which forms a final image of the spot. This image is picked out of the incident light beam by a thin pick-off mirror which redirects the light allowing image accessibility. With minor modification the optical system may also function as an optical scanner.

Abstract: A handheld portable spectrophotometer is provided including keys for input of instructions by a user, an illuminator for illuminating a sample, and a spectral analyzer for separating light reflected from the sample into spectral components to produce a signal corresponding to the level of each spectral component. A processor is provided for executing the user instructions and for analyzing the signal. The results of the signal analysis are presented on a display. A power source is provided for providing power for operation of the handheld portable spectrophotometer.

Abstract: A conical illuminator for use in colorimetry, spectrophotometry, densitometry or sensitometry. In a preferred embodiment, light from a source such as a pulsed xenon lamp is integrated within a integrating chamber. The light source may be placed in a second integrating chamber adjacent to the aforementioned integrating chamber. Alternatively, the lamp may be placed directly within the integrating chamber. The light is emitted through an exit port and conformed to a conical configuration, according to a pre-selected standard, via an annular stop. An imaging optic relays the conformed light uniformly onto a sample plane. The annular stop is placed at or near the tangential focal length of the imaging optic. The annular stop may be coated with a light absorbing coating, or can be formed with a grooved or mirrored surface. Alternatively, in lieu of an integrating chamber, a diffuser may be employed for homogenizing the light. Various configurations of the imaging optic and annular stop are possible.

Abstract: A collision avoidance system particularly suited for automotive applications includes an electro-optical rangefinder scanner, retroreflectors on target vehicles, and a processing unit. The rangefinder supplies data on the range and angle of target vehicles to the processor, which monitors each target vehicle's position, speed and acceleration and constantly determines and updates target range, angle, velocity, acceleration and predicted separation distances. A warning signal or evasive manuever instructions are issued if the predicted separation at the time of intercept is below a minimum acceptable value.

Abstract: There is provided a linear current source amplifier for brushless DC motors with linear characteristic and low noise at high currents. A servo current loop for comparing a desired current with the actual winding current is provided to produce a global error signal. A plurality of linear current followers or power stages are configured such that each one of them is capable of providing a current to motor winding proportional to error signal. The power stages are arranged so that a local feedback signal proportional to the current supplied by the power stage is fed back and compared with a signal proportional to the global error signal to drive the current sources. The multiple power stage current sources in one embodiment are configured in a current loop fashion to energize the motor windings.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for stabilizing the gain of a self scanned photo-diode array is provided for use with spectrophotometers and other light measurement equipment. A gain stabilizer light emitting diode (LED) constantly illuminates the array so that photons are continuously impinging upon the self-scanned photo-diode array. In the course of a typical measurement sequence, an illuminated scan is first taken, wherein said photo-diode array is illuminated by LED and the light being analyzed, followed by a dark reading wherein the photo diode array is illuminated by the LED only. The dark reading measurement is then subtracted from the illuminated reading to derive an accurate reading of the light being analyzed.

Abstract: There is disclosed a flat motor of reduced length and maximized power output and which is suitable to being disposed in a limited space configuration and a close tolerance within other objects which may be present in such limited space.

Abstract: A totally integrated thermal imaging system has a dewar housing including imaging optics, a scanning mirror and a curved detector array. The imaging optics constitute a meniscus lens and a spherical focusing mirror. The scanning mirror scans the image, and the spherical mirror focuses the scanned image onto the detector array. The meniscus lens advantageously corrects aberrations. A detector support provides access for cryogenic cooling of the detector, and individual cold shielding of the detector elements is made possible by the telecentricity of the optics. Processing electronics, at least a portion of which may also be disposed on the detector support, process the detector signals to display an image. The integrated structure advantageously eliminates any need for separate scanner, imager, detector dewar and electronics modules.

Abstract: An electric motor includes a heat spike within the stator slots which extends radially inward from the stator back iron into the slot between the stator teeth. The heat spike, placed within the stator slots, reduces the heat path length and increases the heat transfer areas to the iron. Together, these allow the winding heat to dissipate quicker, and thereby, reduce the hotspot temperature and improve the motor's load rating.

Abstract: A position sensor includes of two primary sense windings for establishing a forward or drive field, two secondary sense windings in which a voltage may be induced in the presence of the drive field, and at least one conductive screen capable of blocking the magnetic coupling between the primary and secondary sense windings. When the screen blocks the magnetic coupling between one pair of sense windings to the same extent that ti does between the other pair of sense windings, the sensor circuitry generates a marker signal to indicate the position of the screen.

Abstract: In a screened inductance sensor having a drive winding, a sense winding, and a conductive screen for varying the induced voltage in the sense winding by reason of the eddy currents generated in the conductive screen in the presence of the drive field, a physical barrier is interposed between the region of the sensor in the windings are located and the region in which the screen is located. These regions are fully environmentally isolated from each other by the physical barrier. The construction is especially suited to screened inductance level gauges, in particular for fuel tanks, where the conductive screen is part of a float assembly in contact with the fuel, but the electrical windings are kept dry in a separate portion of the gauge.

Abstract: An improved optical reticle having a high degree of reflection suppression is provided. In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention a fused silica reticle substrate is optically contacted with a fused silica cover plate to yield a sandwich optical reticle having virtually zero reflectance.

Abstract: The invention concerns an interconnection board for connecting electronic, electro-optical and/or optical devices and methods of manufacturing such boards. The interconnections are formed by scribing electrially or optically conductive filaments to form a signal conductor layer. The interconnection board comprises a base as a support member, a signal conductor layer laminated to the base and a surface conductor layer laminated to the signal conductor layer. The interlayer connections between the signal conductor layer and the surface conductor layer are formed by segments of the conductive filaments of the signal conductor layer displaced from the signal conductor layer to the vicinity of surface of the interconnection board to form part of or connect with the surface conductive pattern.

Abstract: A method of applying a coating to the inner layers of multilayer boards made of copper. The cured coating is capable of maintaining adhesion without outgassing for at least 10 seconds at 250.degree. C. It can be adhesion promoted for adherent electroless metal deposition with a chromic acid adhesion promotion solution. The coating composition comprises the product of reacting between 20 to 60% of a poly(vinyl acetal) resin with 80 to 40% of a phenolic resin in the presence of an acidic catalyst and a coupling agent having at least two amino substituted aromatic groups covalently bonded to a titanium or zirconium central atom via an oxygen containing linkage. The coating composition is applied to a metallic oxide film on the surface of the copper substrate.

Abstract: A dynamoelectric machine having a large magnetic gap between the rotor and the stator includes a slotless stator windings located within the large magnetic gap, and a mgnetic assembly consisting of radially aligned permanent magnets separated by non-magnetic material. The magnetic pole circumferential length and the radial gap length are proportioned such that the permanent magnets are operated at or near their maximum energy product.

Abstract: A hand-held battery operated densitometer for identifying and analyzing printed targets is provided which automatically determines whether an unprinted substrate, a solid black, a muddy magenta solid, an overprint, a solid color, or a halftone has been detected. Referenced density values measured through red, green, blue and visual optical filters for an overprint and the first and second down colors are used to determine and display percent trap. Referenced density values for halftone and corresponding solid targets are used to determine and display percent dot area. Referenced density values for solid targets may also be displayed. The printing process is adjusted based upon the displayed solid densities, percent trap and percent dot area.

Abstract: In a control system for a reluctance motor driving a load, the output of a reference waveform generator is applied to a power converter through a current controller. The output of the generator is determined by rotor position, as detected by a sensor. The generator establishes a relative magnitude for motor phase current for every position of the rotor during the period of energization of a motor phase. A further control input may determine the absolute magnitude of the motor phase current, subject to the waveform pattern established by the generator. The reference waveforms may be sinusoidal. A method of determining the configuration of suitable reference waveforms for a given motor involves monitoring selected parameters of motor operation while controlling other such parameter in a test procedure.

Abstract: A dual reading head transmission/reflection densitometer is disclosed which offers superior performance and reduced manufacturing costs. The invention employs two separate measuring heads, each containing their own collection optical system mounted in a single swing arm. Reflected or transmitted light is transmitted from the appropriate collection head through fiber optic leads to a bifurcated fiber bundle and then to the photodetector assembly.

Abstract: A method of preparing corrosion resistant neodymium-boron-iron magnets is provided. The cleaned magnet is coated with zinc phosphate which neutralizes surface effects of contaminants and rinsed with chromic acid. A relatively large surface area having numerous mechanical interlocking sites receptive to adhesives and coatings is obtained. In one embodiment a durable, corrosion-resistant coating such as amide imide or specially formulated zinc-or chromium-rich epoxy primer is applied to the zinc phosphate coated magnet. This can be bonded to a substrate using a suitable adhesive. A flexible epoxy adhesive is used for bonding motor field assemblies.