Abstract: The invention relates to a procedure for mounting the guide rails for an elevator car or counterweight, wherein the guide rails are attached to an intermediate beam laid across the elevator shaft, the beam being attached at least by one of its ends to opposite walls of the elevator shaft, and to a mounting system implementing the procedure. At least two steel plates (5,6) or equivalent are placed oppositely on the vertical sides of the intermediate beam (2), the upper and lower edges of the plates extending at least somewhat above and below the intermediate beam (2).

Abstract: Vertical transport system in a building provided with one or more hoistways with elevator cars moving in them, comprises at least one hoistway accommodating at least two elevator cars travelling above one another in such a manner that one (2) of the cars travels in the hoistway (1) between the entrance floor and a certain higher floor or certain higher floors, i.e. change levels (11,13a,13b,18). One or more other cars (4,5) travel in the part of the same hoistway (1) which lies above the change levels (11,13a,13b,18), in the spaces between or divided by the hoisting ropes (3) of the elevator operating in the lower part of the hoistway.

Abstract: A procedure and apparatus for controlling a hydraulic elevator during approach to a landing are disclosed, in which the speed of the elevator and the temperature of the hydraulic fluid are measured prior to beginning deceleration of the elevator. The deceleration point is adjusted on the basis of the speed and temperature information. The elevator passes a deceleration flag while approaching a landing, which is used to measure the speed of the elevator, and to provide a reference point from which the location of the deceleration point is determined. At temperatures exceeding a given reference temperature, the normal deceleration point is shifted from the leading edge of the deceleration flag to its trailing edge, and the start of actual deceleration of the elevator is delayed in relation to the deceleration point (trailing edge of the deceleration flag) by an amount depending on the elevator speed and oil temperature.

Abstract: An elevator safety apparatus is disclosed which is designed to be mounted on an elevator car, which car moves along guide rails; said apparatus comprising a frame, an area for wedge housings formed in the frame, and wedges placed in the wedge housings on each side of a guide rail; the wedges gripping the guide rail when the safety apparatus is activated, the wedges being placed relative to each other such that the wider end of one wedge points upwards while the wider end of the second wedge points downwards. To allow safety apparatus action in both an upward and downward direction, the apparatus is provided with an activating mechanism connected to and moving both wedges, and an overspeed governor, or the equivalent, for controlling the activating mechanism.

Abstract: A procedure and device for overload and short-circuit protection of output drivers, uses a circuit that functions at several control voltage levels and in which at least one output driver is controlled in a normal situation by a reference value set independently of external control, whereas in a short-circuit or overload situation the driver receives a control voltage for short instants only, and in which the reference value begins to fall rapidly when the load current of the output driver exceeds a set limit.

Abstract: A procedure and apparatus for the control of solid-state switches in three-phase frequency converter and rectifier/inverter bridges is disclosed. Such control employs pulse width modulation. In this procedure, the modulation pulses of each phase are generated by comparing sinusoidal modulation references in an interval-by-interval manner to at least two triangular waves with a phase shift between them. The modulator unit for implementing the procedure incorporates one or more memory circuits storing the modulation reference curves, one or more D/A converters for converting the memory circuit outputs into analog form, and comparators for producing preliminary modulation pulses by comparing the sinusoidal modulation reference signals to at least two triangular waves shifted in phase relative to each other.

Abstract: A rope suspension apparatus for an elevator system, includes a bed, a motor 1 attached to the bed, a motor shaft 2, a traction sheave 4 so mounted on the shaft that the ends of the traction sheave are inclined at an angle relative to vertical, and at least one diverter pulley 5, such that at least one suspension rope 11 may run from an elevator car to the traction sheave via a route between the traction sheave and the diverter pulley. The arrangement provides that each suspension rope may, after passing around the traction sheave, 1 run to the respective one of the at least one the diverter pulley via a route proximal to that of the suspension rope going towards the traction sheave, and at least one counterweight may be suspended on the suspension rope below the diverter pulley wherein the traction sheave has been rotated substantially sideways by an angle substantially equal to the angle that the ends of the traction sheave are inclined relative to vertical.

Abstract: The invention relates to a procedure and apparatus for detecting and counting objects having velocities and that are in a certain area, wherein at least one passive detector detects background radiation, the signal obtained from said detector is amplified to produce a second signal independent of the distance and size of the object. The frequency content of this second signal is analyzed to chart the movements of the objects. To produce an inexpensive and simple detector, detection of movement of each object and generation of a signal with a frequency content are achieved by dividing the change in background radiation caused by each object into a succession of flashes hitting a surface capable of detecting the background radiation, so that the detector provides an electrical signal the frequency of which is characteristic of the velocity of each object and changes in proportion to the change in the velocity of each object.

Abstract: A procedure and apparatus for transmitting binary messages in a serial communication bus, to which several transmitting stations are connected is disclosed. Each station is able to transmit a message when the bus is free, and is a signal collision situation when several stations attempt to transmit messages simultaneously, each station monitors the message which is passing through the bus and only the station which has the highest priority is allowed to go ahead and transmit its message while each station having a lower priority which, when transmitting a signal of a logic state assigned a recessive status, receives a signal of a logic state assigned a dominating status cancels its transmission attempt. All stations transmit a dominant signal with the same polarity by recognizing the polarity of the signal present in the bus and by sending the dominating signal with that polarity.

Abstract: A hydraulic elevator system of the type having a vertically travelling car includes a hydraulic actuator means disposed on a side of an elevator shaft and a car suspension means. The concentrated car suspension means comprises rope pulleys, a compensating rope and compensator means disposed laterally to the elevator shaft.

Abstract: Control valve for a hydraulic elevator provided with a speed regulating plug which moves in response to the flow of hydraulic fluid, whereby the position of the speed regulating plug determines the rate of flow of hydraulic fluid into the actuating cylinder of the elevator, and a hydraulic channel system forming an essentially closed loop. The invention achieves a constant rate of deceleration of the elevator regardless of variations in the temperature of the hydraulic fluid by providing the hydraulic channel system with a flow resistance component placed near one end of the speed regulating plug, the setting of the flow resistance component being varied in response to variations in the temperature of the hydraulic fluid.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the measurement and tuning of an elevator system including at least one elevator having an elevator car and its control and driving equipment. The method uses at least one computer connected to the system. The elevator system is measured and tuned using virtual measuring and tuning components operated by programs of the computer.

Abstract: To increase the transportation capacity in relation to shaft volume, of an elevator comprising an elevator shaft with guide rails on which the elevator car and its counterweight move, the ropes on which the car and counterweight are suspended, and a traction sheave, whose motion is transmitted to the car and counterweight by the ropes, the rail length provided for the travel of the counterweight is shorter than the rail length provided for the travel of the elevator car.

Abstract: A device for overvoltage protection of a rectifier bridge feeding a d.c. motor and implemented using fully gate-controlled solid-state switches without zero diodes, and for control of the d.c. motor during emergency braking is disclosed. To protect at least the switches of the rectifier bridge against overvoltages and to control the d.c. motor during emergency braking, the device incorporates a capacitor connected via diodes both to the d.c. circuit and the a.c. circuit and, connected in parallel with said capacitor, a series cirucit of a fully gate-controlled solid-state switch and a resistor, said solid-state switch being controlled by a control unit in such manner that, when the voltage between at least two connections in the a.c. or d.c.

Abstract: In a procedure for the selection of a bridge or bridge section in a rectifier bridge unit having a bridge or bridge section conducting in one direction and another bridge or bridge section conducting in the other direction, said bridges or bridge sections having solid-state switches, selection of the bridge or bridge section is based on the direction of the actual value of the current when the actual current has an essentially non-zero value, on the reference value of the current when the actual current value is essentially zero and the reference value of the current is essentially other than zero, or, when both the actual and reference values of the current are essentially zero, on a signal controlling the selection of the bridge or bridge section during the zero-current condition, which signal directs the bridge control signals alternatively to either bridge or bridge section. A bridge selector unit includes circuits for implementing this procedure.

Abstract: A procedure for damping the vibrations of an elevator car or part supported by elastic suspension elements comprises the steps of measuring the acceleration of the elevator car or part by means of at least one acceleration transducer, using the output signal from that transducer to control at least one vibration damper, which, in order to damp a vibration, imparts to the elevator car or part a force acting in a direction opposite to the direction of the vibration and substantially simultaneous with it. An apparatus to carry out the procedure is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for improving the performance of a motor-controlled hydraulic elevator, in which oil is pumped using an hydraulic pump controlled by an electric motor from a container via a main supply duct into a lifting cylinder to move the elevator upwards, and returned in a controlled manner through the pump into the container to move the elevator downwards. In order to improve the loading conditions of the motor during down-travel, the oil pressure in the main duct is reduced to a substantially predetermined constant level by means of a check valve or lowering valve which, to provide compensation for the pressure in the pump, has a feedback connection to the main duct via a pressure compensation valve which controls the volume of flow through the check valve or lowering valve.

Abstract: In an elevator machine consisting of a drive motor, a drive shaft driven by the motor, a traction sheave transmitting the motion to the elevator car by means of ropes and a gear assembly to reduce the rotational speed of the motor for the traction sheave, the gear assembly is located inside the traction sheave, the drive shaft passes through the traction sheave, the drive motor is coupled to one end of the drive shaft and the brake is mounted on the other end on the opposite side of the traction sheave.

Abstract: A procedure for the tuning of a position controller of an elevator is disclosed wherein an artificial excitation signal is input to the elevator drive system, the response corresponding to the excitation is measured, a mathematical model of the elevator system is calculated, the behavior of the elevator system is simulated, control parameter values minimizing the difference between the target position values and the actual position values are found, individual differences in the vicinity of the ultimate target position are weighted by a large factor, the position control parameter values are reset to optimized values, a real excitation signal is input to the elevator drive system, the model parameters are calculated again, and the above sequence of operations is repeated until the model parameter values and the control parameter values converge.

Abstract: In a method for checking and monitoring the friction between the traction sheave and the suspension ropes of an elevator, the slippage between the traction sheave and the suspension ropes of the elevator is measured, the elevator comprising an elevator machine, a hoistway and an elevator car and a counterweight moving in the hoistway. The rope slippage is measured either periodically by performing test drives or continuously by means of an impulse device placed in the elevator machine and measuring the motion of the tractin sheave, an impulse device monitoring the movement of the elevator car and an impulse device monitoring the load in the car. The data provided by these impulse devices is transmitted to a computer which calculates and monitors the relative slippage between the traction sheave and the suspension ropes of the elevator.