Abstract: A disk drive unit for a disk, e.g. for use in a mobile device, comprises a spindle (1) positioned within the disk drive unit and adapted to support the disk rotatably in an operating position. An electric motor (2) is operatively coupled to the spindle (1) to rotate it. An auxiliary electric motor (3) is connectable to the spindle to accelerate the spindle during start-up. This auxiliary motor can be selected to work efficiently at zero speed. The electric motor may be a low-power motor, resulting in a reduced power consumption.

Abstract: There is described a dynamic memory buffer (30, 210) for buffering between one or more software applications (40) executing on computing means and one or more data generating and/or receiving devices (20) in communication through the buffer (30, 210) to the one or more applications (40), the buffer (30, 210) including buffer managing means (210) for controlling allocation of one or more portions of the buffer (30) to the one or more applications (40) so as to reduce power dissipation occurring within the one or more devices (20).

Abstract: A method is described for writing information to a record medium (2). 152 code words [11(j)] each having 248 bytes [mI(ij)] and 12 BIS words each having 62 BIS bytes [b2(r,s)] are combined to form an ECC block (M3) having 38 440 elements [m3(v,w)], which elements are consecutively written. Also, a method is described for reading information from a record medium (2). An ECC block (M3) having 38 440 elements [m3(v,w)] is read, from which 152 code words [11(j)] each having 248 bytes [ml(ij)]and 12 BIS words each having 62 BIS bytes [b2(r,s)] are reconstructed.

Abstract: A broadcast media receiver (30) enables delivery of application programs and other data streams transmitted over broadcast media transmission networks to mobile communication devices.

Abstract: Provided in a circuit (8) for a data carrier (7) are a circuit part (12), which requires a relatively large amount of energy, and at least part of a contact interface (11) via which the circuit part (12) can be supplied with electrical energy, which circuit part (12) is designed to process data signals (DS1, DS2) in a normal-consumption processing mode and in an energy-saving processing mode in which less energy is required than in the normalconsumption processing mode, and which circuit part (12) can be switched into the energysaving processing mode when energy is being supplied via the contact interface (11) and which circuit part (12) can be switched, with the aid of a first mode change signal (MC 1) that can be fed thereto, from the energy-saving processing mode into the normal-consumption processing mode, and further provided in this circuit (8) is at least part of a contactless interface (23) via which a carrier signal (TS) can be received by the circuit (8), and furthermore provided in this circuit (8)

Abstract: A device and method is disclosed for the detection or determination of the presence of magnetic particles (15), such as for example, but not limited to, magnetic tianoparticles. In particular it relates to an integrated or on-chip magnetic sensor element (11) for the detection of magnetic particles. The device and method of the present invention o er high signal-to-noise ratio and low power consumption and do not require an external magnetic field. They may be used for magnetic detection of binding of biological molecules on a micro-array or biochip.

Abstract: In a UMTS/GSM receiver with EDGE services capability, a data sequence incorporating PSK symbols is separated into bits which are assigned confidence values and input to convoluntional decoder (33) to provide improved decoding.

Abstract: A lamp has projecting stud and resilient elements configured to lock the lamp into a reflector housing upon insertion of the lamp into an opening of the reflector and rotation of the lamp. Electrical connection is also achieved through the rotation where transverse lamp contact elements are brought into engagement with corresponding contacts of the reflector housing.

Abstract: Testing the production of semiconductor elements on a substrate, the semiconductor elements having a plurality of cell types, by providing at least one test structure on the substrate with a number of test cells having cell types similar to one or more of the plurality of cell types, each of the cell types having at least a first and a second local interconnect layer structure to be connected to predetermined supply voltages during use, a plurality of first and second polysilicon layer structures to provide control voltages to first and second electronic component structures, respectively, connecting in the test structure all of the plurality of first polysilicon layer structures to one another to provide an interconnected first polysilicon layer structure, and connecting in the test structure all of the plurality of second polysilicon layer structures to one another to provide an interconnected second polysilicon layer structure, providing predetermined test voltages and measuring currents resulting from the

Abstract: Magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) is used to provide in-pixel memory circuits for display devices. A memory circuit (25) comprises memory elements, for storing a drive setting, and a read-out circuit, for example a flip-flop circuit (64), for reading-out the stored drive setting. The memory elements comprise two MRAMs (60, 62), each coupled to a respective input of the flip-flop circuit (64). A drive circuit (26) is coupled to the read-out circuit and a pixel display electrode (27) for driving the pixel display electrode (27) dependent upon the read-out drive setting with drive current that does not pass through the MRAMs (60, 62). A display device (1) is provided comprising a plurality of pixels (20) each associated with one such memory circuit (25) and drive circuit (26).

Abstract: The electronic device comprises a substrate (1) with a cavity (6) in which an active device (8) is present. On the first side (2) of the substrate an interconnect structure (17) extends over the cavity and the substrate. On the second side (3) of the substrate to which the cavity extends, a heat sink (23) is available. The device is particularly suitable for use at high frequencies, for instance higher than 2 GHz and under conditions of high dissipation.

Abstract: Radio frequency receivers are implemented in a variety of embodiments. In one such embodiment, a radio frequency receiver is implemented for detecting synchronization patterns in a receiver, particularly in a UHF receiver or a VHF receiver, by which the average current consumption in a system with a receiver, particularly a UHF receiver or a VHF receiver, and with a subsequently arranged controller unit can be reduced. Using a slope detector and by taking the signal state in a shift register, the radio frequency receiver may be implemented by synchronizing a clock recovery unit with an incoming signal. The shift register pattern can be compared against a predetermined pattern, and when the patterns correspond to the pattern of each other or to the completely inverted pattern of the other, the signal is enabled for further processing in a controller unit.

Abstract: The present invention facilitates automation of system on a chip (SoC) design, manufacture and verification in a convenient and efficient manner. In one embodiment, a SoC netlist builder and verification computer system of the present invention includes a user interface module, a parameter application module, an expert system module and a chip level netlist generation module. The user interface module provides user friendly and convenient interfaces that facilitate easy entry and modification of user selections and parameters. The parameter application module interprets information supplied by the user module and the expert system module and creates directions (e.g., command lines) passed to other modules for execution. The expert system module analyzes information and automatically provides SoC building and verification data including automated addition of default architectural features, automated insertion of default parameters, and automated input of information to the verification module.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for generating sounds with a left front loudspeaker which converts an electric signal of a left audio channel and with a right front loudspeaker which converts an electric signal of a right audio channel. Such a system for generating sounds in a room is known. The electric signals are processed such that spatial rear loudspeakers are dispensed with and the front loudspeakers generate a surround or spatial sound. According to the invention, a virtual filter generates virtual sound bodies laterally of a listener in a region between 80 and 100 degrees. Experiments have shown that the human ear is most sensitive to surrounding sound when sound sources are arranged laterally of a listener's head or when spatial sound is generated laterally of a listener.

Abstract: The invention relates to a network comprising a plurality of network nodes. At least part of the network nodes are directly intercoupled via at least one star node. The star node contains a plurality of star interfaces which are assigned to at least one network node. A star interface is provided for transferring a message from the assigned network node to the other star interfaces or from another star interface to at least one of the assigned network nodes always in dependence on a pilot signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a low-pressure gas discharge lamp which includes at least one discharge vessel and at least two capacitive coupling-in structures and operates at an operating frequency f. In order to achieve a better efficiency in combination with a small structural volume, a high luminous flux, a low operating voltage, a low electromagnetic emission, a high resistance against switching transients and a long service life for the low-pressure gas discharge lamp, it is proposed to form each capacitive coupling-in structure from at least one dielectric having a thickness d and a dielectric constant ?, each dielectric being subject to the condition d/(f.?)<10?8 cm·s. A substantially larger amount of light can thus be generated per lamp length (lumen/cm).

Abstract: A unit cell for a digital to analog conversion circuit that includes a current source (CS); a first data switch (S1) coupled to the current source (CS); a second data switch (S2) coupled to the current source (CS); a first phase switch (Phi1) coupled between the current source (CS) and the first data switch (S1); a second phase switch (Phi2) coupled between the current source (CS) and the second data switch (S2); a controller arranged to switch between the first (Phi1) and second (Phi2) phase switches in a Break Before Make alternating sequence, and to switch the first (S1) and second (S2) data switches in a Make Before Break sequence.

Abstract: An optical scanning device for scanning an optical record carrier includes a radiation source and a beam splitter arranged to pass a first portion of the source beam to the record carrier, and a second portion to an intensity sensor. A signal detector is arranged in the path of the beam reflected by the record carrier. False radiation reflected by the signal detector can be prevented from reaching the intensity sensor by tilting the signal detector. A polarization filter may be arranged in front of the intensity sensor to prevent false radiation reflected by the radiation source and by the signal detector from reaching the intensity sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical disc (35, 36, 37) comprising a magnetic substrate (10, 20, 30) and to an optical recording and/or reproducing apparatus for recording and/or reproducing such an optical disc. By virtue of its magnetic properties, said magnetic substrate is able to clamp the optical disc onto a turntable of said recording and/or reproducing apparatus instead of a hub.