Abstract: Proposed is a polymer for a gel-type polymer electrolyte of a secondary battery, in which the polymer is PMVEMA-GMA, which is a polymer obtained by polymerizing (methylvinylether-alt-maleic acid) (PMVEMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). A gel-type polymer electrolyte including the polymer as a matrix, and a lithium secondary battery including the gel-type polymer electrolyte are also proposed. The polymer of the present disclosure complements a limitation of a liquid electrolyte such as leakage and has a higher ion conductivity than a solid electrolyte. Aside from the advantages, the gel-type polymer electrolyte according to the present disclosure has a higher ion conductivity than a conventional gel-type polymer electrolyte that is based on poly(methylvinylether-alt-maleic acid) (PMVEMA) added with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) because it can be dissolved well in highly volatile tetrahydrofuran (THF) and thus can be dried at a low temperature.

Abstract: A gate driving circuit includes a capacitor connected between a first gate of a pull-down transistor and a control node, and a control transistor connected between the control node and a ground terminal and having a gate connected to the ground terminal.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for converting an analog signal into a digital signal includes an amplifier circuit configured to receive the analog signal, and to generate a plurality of amplifier signals by amplifying the analog signal; a comparison circuit configured to compare a plurality of voltage levels corresponding to the plurality of amplifier signals with a positive reference voltage level and a negative reference voltage level, and to output conversion target signals based on a result of the comparison; and a converter circuit configured to convert the conversion target signals into a plurality of digital signals.

Abstract: A scan signal driver includes: a plurality of stages configured to be driven by dividing a first frame period into a display period and a sensing period, and to sequentially output scan signals at the display period, wherein each of the plurality of stages comprises: an output control circuit; and a memory control circuit, wherein the scan driver is configured to: irregularly set a specific stage of the plurality of stages at a display period every frame; control the specific stage to: store a voltage by using the memory control circuit; and output a sensing signal by using the stored voltage at a sensing period, and the memory control circuit includes: a second memory transistor configured to electrically connect an M node with an I node; and a third memory transistor configured to electrically connect the output control circuit with the I node.

Abstract: A LiDAR and camera data fusion method includes generating a voxel-wise feature map based on point cloud data of a LiDAR sensor, generating a pixel-wise feature map based on image data of a camera, converting three-dimensional (3D) coordinates of point data of the voxel-wise feature map to two-dimensional (2D) coordinates, based on at least one predefined calibration parameter, and generating fused data by combining pixel data of the pixel-wise feature map and point data of the 2D coordinates.

Abstract: A method of generating a human model according to the present disclosure may include generating a plurality of feature maps from an input image, wherein the plurality of feature maps include a body center map, a part index map, a body part map and a parameter map, generating a part-attentive feature configured with feature maps for each body part based on the part index map and the body part map, readjusting the part-attentive feature based on the parameter map and generating a pose parameter based on the readjusted part-attentive feature.

Abstract: A neuron circuit and an operating method thereof are disclosed. The neuron circuit may include an input unit to which an input pulse is applied, a bipolar memristor configured to have one end connected to one end of the input unit, a first capacitor configured to be connected between the one end of the bipolar memristor and a ground, a first diode configured to have an anode connected to the one end of the bipolar component, a second capacitor configured to have one end connected to a cathode of the first diode, a first switch configured to be connected between the one end of the second capacitor and the ground, and a second switch configured to be connected between the anode of the first diode and the other end of the second capacitor.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method, device and recording medium based sed on multiple compression levels disclosure may include extracting a region of interest for machine vision from an input image, determining a compression level of the region of interest, and encoding the compression level of the region of interest.

Abstract: An object-based image encoding/decoding method and device of the present disclosure may include an image partition step which partitions an image to obtain a first object region, a region scaling step which scales the first object region based on a scaling factor of the first object region to obtain a second objection region, a region merging step which merges the second object region with at least one of an object region different from the second object region or a non-object region to obtain a merged image, and an image reconstruction step which reconstructs the merged image.

Abstract: A high precision position estimation method through a road shape classification-based map matching implemented by a high precision position estimation system of an autonomous vehicle includes classifying a road into a straight lane, a curved lane, and a clothoid curve lane by the lane matching between a sensor lane segment and a map lane segment, generating a movement amount value calculated by applying a geometric feature-based map matching or an optimization-based map matching to the classified lane as a covariance matrix, and calculating the latitude, longitude, and traveling direction of a vehicle to be estimated by combining the covariance matrix with sensor measurement values of a vehicle speed and a yaw rate by an extended Kalman filter.

Abstract: There are provided a flame retardant element for suppressing flame propagation when a fire occurs during the use of a lithium secondary battery, thereby ensuring safety of the secondary battery while in use, a method for manufacturing the flame retardant element, and a secondary battery module and a secondary battery pack comprising the flame retardant element. The proposed flame retardant element is a composite pad having a stack of at least two polymer resin single layers including fire extinguishing materials having different fire extinguishing and flame retardant mechanisms, the composite pad includes a first polymer resin single layer and a second polymer resin single layer, and the first polymer resin single layer includes the fire extinguishing material which takes effect in a lower temperature range than the second polymer resin single layer.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for converting an analog signal into a digital signal includes an amplifier circuit configured to receive the analog signal, and to generate a plurality of amplifier signals by amplifying the analog signal; a comparison circuit configured to compare a plurality of voltage levels corresponding to the plurality of amplifier signals with a positive reference voltage level and a negative reference voltage level, and to output conversion target signals based on a result of the comparison; and a converter circuit configured to convert the conversion target signals into a plurality of digital signals.

Abstract: Disclosed are an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), an electronic device including the ADC, and an operating method of the ADC. The ADC includes a first stage that includes a plurality of channels, generates a first sampling signal by sequentially sampling a first analog signal based on time interleaving, and generates a first digital signal and a first residual signal corresponding to the first analog signal by performing analog-to-digital conversion based on the first sampling signal, an amplifier that amplifies the first residual signal, and a second stage that includes a plurality of channels, generates a second sampling signal by sequentially sampling the amplified first residual signal based on time interleaving, and generates a second digital signal and a second residual signal corresponding to the first analog signal by performing analog-to-digital conversion based on the second sampling signal. The number of the plurality of channels included in the first stage is odd-numbered.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition containing extracellular vesicles isolated from skeletal muscle-derived stem cells as active ingredients, which exhibits the effect of skin aging delay, wound healing, scar reduction and skin whitening, thereby improving skin condition. The present disclosure can not only utilize tissues wasted after surgical operation, thus allowing easy supply of raw materials, but also takes advantage of natural substances, thereby being free from the risk of side effects even upon long-term administration. The composition of the present disclosure promotes the secretion of collagen, reduces reactive oxygen species and promotes re-epithelialization at wound site while remarkably inhibiting melanocyte proliferation, tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis. Accordingly, it can facilitate effective recovery from skin tissue damage caused by oxidative stress, physical wound, intrinsic aging at cell or tissue levels, or hyperpigmentation.

Abstract: A display device includes a scan write line for receiving a scan write signal, a first driving voltage line for receiving a first driving voltage, a first data line for receiving first data voltages, a second data line for receiving second data voltages, and a sub-pixel connected to the scan write line, the first data line, the second data line, and the first driving voltage line, wherein the sub-pixel includes a light emitting element connected to the first driving voltage line, a constant current generator configured to apply a driving current to the light emitting element according to a first data voltage among the first data voltages of the first data line, and a light emission period controller configured to control a light emission period of the light emitting element according to a second data voltage among the second data voltages of the second data line.

Abstract: A high precision position estimation method through a road shape classification-based map matching implemented by a high precision position estimation system of an autonomous vehicle includes classifying a road into a straight lane, a curved lane, and a clothoid curve lane by the lane matching between a sensor lane segment and a map lane segment, generating a movement amount value calculated by applying a geometric feature-based map matching or an optimization-based map matching to the classified lane as a covariance matrix, and calculating the latitude, longitude, and traveling direction of a vehicle to be estimated by combining the covariance matrix with sensor measurement values of a vehicle speed and a yaw rate by an extended Kalman filter.

Abstract: Disclosed are an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), an electronic device including the ADC, and an operating method of the ADC. The ADC includes a first stage that includes a plurality of channels, generates a first sampling signal by sequentially sampling a first analog signal based on time interleaving, and generates a first digital signal and a first residual signal corresponding to the first analog signal by performing analog-to-digital conversion based on the first sampling signal, an amplifier that amplifies the first residual signal, and a second stage that includes a plurality of channels, generates a second sampling signal by sequentially sampling the amplified first residual signal based on time interleaving, and generates a second digital signal and a second residual signal corresponding to the first analog signal by performing analog-to-digital conversion based on the second sampling signal. The number of the plurality of channels included in the first stage is odd-numbered.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing an antimicrobial peptide wherein an antimicrobial peptide gene is fused with a green fluorescent protein gene expressed insolubly in E. coli, followed by introduction into E. coli, expression, and removal of the green fluorescent protein to yield the antimicrobial peptide. This method is capable of producing the antimicrobial peptide with high yield in a simple and economical manner and is thus effective at providing native antibiotics that can replace conventional antibiotics in pharmaceutical and feed industries, requiring the development of antibiotics having a new mechanism of action that can eradicate resistant strains due to the proliferation of multiple-drug-resistant microorganisms. Furthermore, the use of an amino acid cleavage process through acid treatment, instead of using conventional cyanogen bromide, is cost-effective for the purification of a target protein from an insoluble protein, can decrease the risk of processing, and enables rapid processing.

Abstract: A display panel, a pixel circuit, and a display device are disclosed. The display panel includes sub-pixels and a driver driving the sub-pixels. Each sub-pixel includes: an emission element; a first transistor configured to generate a driving current; a constant current control circuit configured to receive a reference voltage and a bias voltage for setting a value of the driving current and including a first capacitor configured to store a first compensation voltage generated by adding a threshold voltage of the first transistor to a difference between the bias voltage and the reference voltage; and a pulse width control circuit configured to receive a data voltage used to determine an emission duration of the emission element and including a second transistor configured to control a pulse width of the driving current according to the data voltage and a second capacitor configured to store a second compensation voltage corresponding to a threshold voltage of the second transistor.

Abstract: Disclosed are an oxidizing agent for forming a hair perm including hydrogen water and a method of forming a hair perm using the same. Provided are an oxidizing agent for forming a hair perm and a method of forming a hair perm using the same, wherein the oxidizing agent can alleviate side effects of existing oxidizing agents for forming a hair perm, such as hydrogen peroxide (HO) and sodium bromate (Br), on the scalp and hair, and can maintain excellent curl formability and sustainability.