Abstract: The invention relates to a lighting apparatus comprising a conversion material (2) for converting primary light (4) into secondary light (5), wherein the conversion material (2) comprises converting photolummescent material (15), which degrades to non-converting photolummescent material over time when the conversion material (2) is illuminated by the primary light (4). The conversion material (2) is adapted such that, when the conversion material (2) is illuminated by the primary light (4), the relative decrease in concentration of the converting photolummescent material (15) within the conversion material (2) is larger than the relative decrease in intensity of the secondary light (5). This allows the lighting apparatus to provide an only slightly reduced absorbance of the primary light, even if a large part of the photolummescent material has been bleached, and thus a longer lifetime, with the same or a slightly reduced intensity of the secondary light.

Abstract: Sampling frequency of a ray casting for generating a projection image is varied in dependence of information derived from a 3D volume data during rendering. Furthermore, an interpolation is performed for skipped pixels for which no ray casting was performed in the projection image, based on this information.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic sensor device comprising excitation wires (11, 13) for generating a magnetic field (B) in a sample chamber (1) and a magnetic sensor element (12), for example a GMR element, for sensing magnetic fields generated by magnetic particles (2) in the sample chamber. The device further comprises a reference field generator consisting of a linear conductor (14) and a planar conductor (15) between which the magnetic sensor element (12) is disposed. The magnetic reference field (Bref) generated by said conductors (14, 15) does not penetrate into the sample chamber (1) but reaches only the magnetic sensor element (12). Components of the sensor signal which are due to the magnetic reference field (Bref) can therefore be separated and used to calculate the sensor gain. This value can for example be used for an auto-calibration of the device during a measurement.

Abstract: A memory device has an information plane (32) for storing data bits in a magnetic state of an electro-magnetic material at an array of bit locations (31). The device further has an array of electro-magnetic sensor elements (51) that are aligned with the bit locations. The information plane (32) is programmable or programmed via a separate writing device (21). The writing device provides at least one beam of radiation (26) for heating the electro-magnetic material at the bit locations to a programming temperature. The magnetic state of the bit locations is programmed by applying a magnetic field during said heating of selected bit locations via the beams of radiation. Hence the memory device provides a magnetic read-only memory (MROM) that cannot be (re-)programmed without the proper writing device.