Abstract: A signal processing circuit for a differential voltage as the signal to be processed, especially for use in a magnetoinductive flowmeter, incorporating a preamplifier and, connected to the output of the preamplifier, an A/D converter. By employing as the preamplifier a differentially operating preamplifier, the circuit obtains in relatively simple as well as cost-effective fashion at the same time a high level of common-mode signal rejection and a substantial suppression of the low-frequency components in the differential signal occurring below the measuring frequency.

Abstract: A method for the processing of a frequency signal especially for utilization in the evaluation of a distance measurement by means of pulsed electromagnetic waves or of frequency-modulated continuous waves on the basis of the radar principle. The frequency signal is divided into at least two frequency ranges corresponding to two main components of the frequency signal, the frequency signal in each of the two frequency ranges is then subjected to a separate Fourier transform, the Fourier transform applied to the frequency signal in the first frequency range resulting in a corresponding first complex time signal and the Fourier transform applied to the frequency signal in the other frequency range resulting in a second complex time signal. The second time signal is complex-divided by the first time signal which produces a third time signal, and the third time signal is then subjected to a Fourier transfer, the result being a processed frequency signal.

Abstract: A magnetically inductive flowmeter for flowing media, with a measuring tube, with a magnet for generating a magnetic field passing essentially perpendicular to the axis of the measuring tube and to the direction of the magnetic field, with at least two measuring electrodes arranged along a connecting line passing essentially perpendicular to the axis of the measuring tube and to the direction of the magnetic field, with a reference electrode and with a difference amplifier having a reference potential connection connected with the measuring electrodes via measuring electrode connections and serving for amplification of the measuring voltage present on the measuring electrodes.

Abstract: The circuit arrangement for measured value detection, transfer and analysis, with a measured value detection section (1), a measured value analyzing section (2) and a connection (5) consisting only of an outgoing conductor (3) and a return conductor (4) between the measured value detection section (1) and the measured value analyzing section (2), in connection with which the measured value detection section (1) has a measured value recorder (6), a measuring transformer circuit (7), a switch controller (8) connected upstream from the measuring transformer circuit (7) and a current regulator (9) connected upstream from the switch controller (8), in connection with which the measured value analyzing section (2) has a voltage source (10) and an analyzing circuit (11), and the switch controller (8) delivers a constant operating voltage for the measuring transformer circuit (7), and the current regulator (9)—controlled by the measuring transformer circuit (7)—sets a measured value and power supply curre

Abstract: A measuring instrument, especially a flowmeter, whose measuring operation consists in the quantification of an output value as a function of an input value. According to the invention, the input value can be varied, the output value corresponding to a given input value can be measured, and a malfunction of the measuring operation of the measuring instrument can be detected on the basis of a deviation, beyond an established threshold value, of the output values measured at different input values, from the output value expected as a function of the relationship between the input value and the output value. The measuring instrument thus permits reliable and simple determination of a malfunction in the measuring operation by virtue of a self-test.

Abstract: A magnetoinductive flowmeter for moving fluids incorporates a measuring tube; an electromagnet including a field coil and serving to generate a magnetic field that extends at least essentially perpendicular to the axis of the measuring tube; a power supply serving to feed a switched-DC field current to the field coil; two measuring electrodes positioned along a connecting line that extends at least essentially perpendicular to the axis of the measuring tube and to the direction of the magnetic field; and a detection circuit serving to analyze the measuring voltage of the measuring electrodes and to generate a flow signal; as well as a current regulator controlling the field current and a control circuit controlling or regulating the voltage at the field coil of the electromagnet; as well as a changeover bridge connected to the input of the field coil of the electromagnet.

Abstract: A potential-free connection of a first line section of a microwave transmission line with a second line section of the microwave transmission line is described and illustrated. To obtain a broadband transfer range for the microwave signal with high breakdown voltage at the same time, it is provided for that the first line section of the microwave transmission line has a first slotted line, the second line section of the microwave transmission line has a second slotted line and the first slotted line and the second slotted line are arranged on two opposite sides of a dielectric substrate in such a way that the first slotted line and the second slotted line have a strong electromagnetic coupling but have no conductive connection to each other.

Abstract: A fill level gauge operating by the radar principle and preferably used for measuring the fill level of a liquid or fluid in a container incorporates a microwave generator for generating a microwave signal, a waveguide for conducting the microwave signal, a horn radiator serving as a transmitting and/or receiving antenna, an impedance transformer, and a connecting flange, where the horn radiator is positioned on the near side of the connecting flange facing the liquid and the impedance transformer extends at least partially into the opening of the horn radiator. An obturator plate is designed as an integral extension of the impedance transformer and is positioned between the horn radiator and the connecting flange. This design permits easy replacement of the impedance transformer while providing a secure seal at the junction between the horn radiator and the impedance transformer.

Abstract: A mass flow meter for flowing media, which operates according to the Coriolis principle, has a straight Coriolis measuring tube, an oscillation generator acting on the Coriolis measuring tube, and at least one sensor detecting Coriolis forces and/or Coriolis oscillations based on Coriolis forces. The problem which results from the fact the mass flow meter has only one straight Coriolis measuring tube is largely eliminated by designing the Coriolis measuring tube as a flow channel of a thick-walled body, namely a thick-walled tube, the thick-walled tube having recesses accessible from the outside and reaching very close to the Coriolis measuring tube. A vibration transducer as the oscillation generator acts upon the residual material of the thick-walled tube remaining in the area of the recesses, and the Coriolis forces or Coriolis oscillations appearing in the area of the residual material of the thick-walled tube are detected by each sensor.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a ceramic component including at least one cermet body, especially a cermet electrode, in which the costs are reduced and the ceramic component can be produced in accordance with requirements with an integrated cermet body in a reproducible manner. The cermet body initially is produced as a green compact; the cermet body then is inserted into the ceramic composition; the ceramic composition subsequently is consolidated together with the green compact cermet body, e.g. by pressing, and the resulting assembly is finally sintered.

Abstract: A device for determining the level of a conducting medium in a line, in particular for use in connection with a magnetically-inductive flowmeter, with at least one capacitor plate, with an insulation layer between the capacitor plate and the medium and with a control and evaluation circuit, the control and evaluation circuit acting upon the capacitor plate with an alternating voltage. The device is improved by having the control and evaluation circuit determine the capacitance between the capacitor plate and the medium as a measure for the level.

Abstract: A suspended-body flow meter for flowing media of the type having a measuring tube, a suspended body that can move in the flow direction and is arranged in the measuring tube, at least one permanent magnet connected to the suspended body, at least one rotatably mounted follower magnet that follows the movements of the permanent magnet connected to the suspended body and arranged outside the measuring tube and a display device converting the movements of the follower magnet, the follower magnet being constructed as an annular permanent magnet. In the suspended-body flow meter, scales with the same spread can be used regardless of the nominal width of the measuring tube and without requiring special aids or corrective means due to the fact that the annular follower magnet is magnetized laterally and on its coupling part closer to the measuring tube, the north pole and the south pole form an angle of preferably about 90.degree..

Abstract: A preamplifier for amplifying signal voltages from a signal source with high source impedance has a signal input connected to the signal source, a first supply voltage terminal connected to the first power supply voltage potential, a second supply voltage terminal connected to a second power supply voltage potential and a signal output supplying an output signal. In this preamplifier, the first and second power supply voltage potentials can be shifted in parallel depending on the output signal. Alternatively or cumulatively, a known preamplifier may be developed so that the potential of a shield for the signal source can be controlled by the output signal.

Abstract: A mass flow meter for flowing media, which operates according to the Coriolis principle, has a straight Coriolis measuring tube, an oscillation generator acting on the Coriolis measuring tube, and at least one sensor detecting Coriolis forces and/or Coriolis oscillations based on Coriolis forces. The problem which results from the fact the mass flow meter has only one straight Coriolis measuring tube is largely eliminated by designing the Coriolis measuring tube as a flow channel of a thick-walled body, namely a thick-walled tube, the thick-walled tube having recesses accessible from the outside and reaching very close to the Coriolis measuring tube. The oscillation generator acts upon the residual material of the thick-walled tube remaining in the area of the recesses, and the Coriolis forces or Coriolis oscillations appearing in the area of the residual material of the thick-walled tube are detected by each sensor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a magnetically inductive flow meter for flowing media with a tube consisting of ceramic material and used as a measurement line, a magnet to produce a magnetic field running at least essentially perpendicular to the tube axis, at least two measuring electrodes arranged preferably perpendicular to the tube axis and preferably perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field and at least two screening or shielding electrodes shielding the measuring electrodes from outer electrical fields, wherein the measuring electrodes and the screening or shielding electrodes are placed outside the tube.

Abstract: A process for measuring the level of a liquid in a tank according to the radar principle, using a voltage-controlled oscillator determining the radar frequency, and a voltage source controlling the voltage-controlled oscillator, in the case of which the radar frequencies are modulated according to the FMCW process by a corresponding control of the voltage source. The frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator is measured at least regularly during the frequency sweep, and a non-linear frequency characteristic is corrected during the frequency sweep through a corresponding controlling of the voltage source.

Abstract: A microwave window includes a transparent disk made of glass or ceramic that lets microwaves through and an attachment device made of metal that is used to attach the transparent disk. This microwave window is characterized by the fact that the transparent disk of glass is sealed into the attachment device or the transparent disk of ceramic is sintered into the attachment device.

Abstract: An adjustment device for adjusting a mounting device between two flanges of a pipeline system, wherein the two flanges can be connected via preferably bolt-shaped connection means. The adjustment device consists of an expansion element that can be expanded basically by an inflowing medium wherein the expansion element in its expanded state is adjacent to the mounting device and the connecting means.

Abstract: A meter for flowing media, which preferably operates according to the Coriolis principle, with at least one conduit conducting the flowing medium, with at least one oscillation generator acting on the conduit, and with at least one transducer detecting preferably Coriolis forces and/or Coriolis oscillations based on Coriolis effects. With the transducer described, an electric current flows through at least a section of the conduit and/or the flowing medium.

Abstract: In a volume flow meter with a measuring line, a first measuring head and a second measuring head, the flow volume can be measured more simply and more reliably using evaluation technology by having the measuring line made of a material that transmits an acoustic signal given off by one of the measuring heads at a slower sound velocity than the fluid.