Abstract: The present application relates to the field of yeast and, specifically, to the identification of yeast alleles that are involved in maximal alcohol accumulation and/or in tolerance to high alcohol levels. Preferably, the alcohol is ethanol. The identified alleles can be combined or stacked with each other to construe and/or select high alcohol tolerant yeasts, most notably Saccharomyces species.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a one-step liquid biphasic catalytic process for converting a carbohydrate-containing feedstock, preferably lignocellulose, to light naphtha (e.g., hexane, pentane, methyl cyclopentane, cyclohexane, etc.) in the presence of an acidic reactive aqueous phase and a redox catalyst in the organic extracting/reaction phase. The process provides a cost-effective route for producing light-naphtha components, in presence or not of deoxygenates. The light naphtha components are useful as feedstock for steam and catalytic cracking to produce value-added platform molecules like ethylene and propylene, as precursor for the synthesis of bioaromatics like benzene and as gasoline fuel feedstock, and as fuel additives (e.g., the concomitantly formed oxygenates) to improve the biological origin of carbon in the fuel.

Abstract: The present application relates to the field of yeast and, specifically, to the identification of yeast alleles that are involved in maximal alcohol accumulation and/or in tolerance to high alcohol levels. The alcohol may be, e.g., ethanol. The identified alleles can be combined or stacked with each other to construe and/or select high alcohol tolerant yeasts, most notably Saccharomyces species.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for the preparation of substituted threonolactone and substituted threose compounds which are intermediates in the synthesis of phosphonate nucleosides being useful antiviral agents.

Abstract: The invention is directed to processes of preparing phosphonate nucleosides comprising a phosphonalkoxy-substituted five-membered, saturated or unsaturated, oxygen-containing ring coupled to a heterocyclic nucleobase such as a pyrimidine or purine base.

Abstract: Pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine or pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine compounds having the general formula (A), wherein the dashed lines, X, Y and R1 through R5 are as defined in the specification. The compounds are useful in the prophylaxis or treatment of viral infections.

Abstract: This invention relates to a purine or pyrimidine phosphonate compound of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein B, X, and R1-R3 are as defined in classes and subclasses herein. These compounds may be used as antiviral precursors. The invention also relates to therapeutic compositions of these compounds and their use for the preparation of a medication for testing and/or preventing a viral infection in a patient. The invention also provides methods for making these compounds. In particular, the invention provides an H-phosphinate precursor intermediate of formula (II) wherein B is a purine or pyrimidine base as defined herein and R1 is selected from the group comprising a hydrogen atom, and a methyl, ethyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl and C1-6haloalkyl group.

Abstract: The invention is directed to processes of preparing phosphonate nucleosides comprising a phosphonalkoxy-substituted five-membered, saturated or unsaturated, oxygen-containing ring coupled to a heterocyclic nucleobase such as a pyrimidine or purine base.

Abstract: A half closed thermoplastic folded honeycomb structure is described which is produced from a continuous web of material by plastic deformation perpendicular to the plane of the material to thereby form half-hexagonal cell walls and small connecting areas. By folding in the direction of conveyance the cell walls meet to thereby form the honeycomb structure.

Abstract: The invention provides a controlled release delivery system comprising a bio-active compound and a matrix carrier, wherein said matrix carrier is an amorphous microporous non-fibrous silicon or titanium oxide being loaded with said bio-active compound and wherein the micropores of said matrix carrier have a mean size in the range of 0.4 to 2.0 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prevention of viral infections, wherein the imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine compounds have the formula:

Abstract: Pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine or pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine compounds having the general formula (A), wherein the dashed lines, X, Y and R1 through R5 are as defined in the specification. The compounds are useful in the prophylaxis or treatment of viral infections.

Abstract: A method for operating on images is described for interest point detection and/or description working under different scales and with different rotations, e.g. for scale-invariant and rotation-invariant interest point detection and/or description.

Abstract: A crystalline compound of formula (1) and its salts and solvates are provided for the treatment or prophylaxis of hepatitis C virus infections Methods of making and formulating crystalline compound (1) are provided.

Abstract: A compound of formula (1) and its salts and solvates are provided for the treatment or prophylaxis of hepatitis C virus infections. Methods of making and formulating compound (1) are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prevention of viral infections comprising as an active principle at least one imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine prodrug having the general Formula (A) wherein the substituents are described in the specification. The invention also relates to processes for the preparation and screening of compounds according to the invention having above mentioned general Formula and their use in the treatment or prophylaxis of viral infections.

Abstract: Pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine or pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine compounds having the general formula (A), wherein the dashed lines, X, Y and R1 through R5 are as defined in the specification. The compounds are useful in the prophylaxis or treatment of viral infections.

Abstract: Novel vitamin D analogues are useful for making pharmaceutical compositions for the prevention or treatment of bone disorders such as osteoporosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new prodrug technology and new prodrugs in order to increase the solubility, to modulate plasma protein binding or to enhance the biovailability of a drug. In the present invention the prodrugs are conjugates of a therapeutic compound and a peptide (eg tetrapeptide or hexapeptide) wherein the conjugate is cleavable by dipeptidyl-peptidases, more preferably by CD26, also known as DPPIV (dipeptidyl aminodipeptidase IV). The present invention furthermore provides a method of producing the prodrugs, to enhance brain and lymphatic delivery of drugs and/or to extend drug half-lives in plasma.

Abstract: A crystalline compound of formula (1) and its salts and solvates are provided for the treatment or prophylaxis of hepatitis C virus infections Methods of making and formulating crystalline compound (1) are provided.