Abstract: An air pressure shock absorber for smoothly stopping a moving object reciprocated by a rod in an air pressure cylinder. The shock absorber absorbs and reduces the internal pressure of a chamber in the cylinder to smoothly stop the moving object by the communication of air compressed in the chamber to the atmosphere through a bypass passage formed in a cylinder wall. The air pressure is released to the atmosphere after the piston has moved through a predetermined stroke.

Abstract: The invention has as an object to provide a reliable, failure-free tool holding apparatus which allows digitization of a tool holding apparatus having a tool moving function, is free from various problems encountered upon digitization, and does not cause an erroneous operation upon scattering and attachment of chips or cutting oil. In order to achieve this object, a scale member and a moving amount detecting means are arranged to oppose each other. The scale member is arranged at the side of a slide movable in a predetermined direction, and is moved following the movement of the slide. The moving amount detecting means is arranged at the side of the main body and supplies a predetermined number of oscillation pulses to a display in accordance with the moving amount of the scale member. The scale member is enclosed with stretchable members such as bellows members, and is moved in the enclosed, sealed space.

Abstract: In a chuck comprising a holding cylinder having a tapered outer circumferential surface and an objective tool or an adapter for holding such a tool inserted therein, and a clamping cylinder rotatably mounted at a predetermined distance from the outer circumferential surface of the holding cylinder, a number of needle rollers being arranged in a plurality of stages along the entire circumference of a gap between the two cylinders to extend along a direction at a predetermined inclined angle .alpha. with respect to the common axis of the cylinders, and the needle rollers rotating and revolving upon rotation of the clamping cylinder, thereby contracting and recoverying the holding cylinder, slits are formed in the holding cylinder to allow elasticity of the holding cylinder and to improve oil throwing performance and clamping force of the holding cylinder. The slits will not interfere with smooth rotation of the needle rollers.

Abstract: A system for providing a high pressure pulsating flow of cutting fluid includes a piston pump having a piston cylinder for pumping the cutting fluid and an air cylinder for reciprocatingly actuating the piston cylinder. An air-operated direction change-over valve controls supplying of air to one end of the air cylinder or the other from a compressed air source. A pulse frequency setting unit, including a fluidic NOT device, controls the position of the change-over valve pneumatically thereby determining the frequency of reciprocation of the air cylinder and thereby the frequency of pulsations in flow of the cutting fluid.

Abstract: An air pressure shock absorber for smoothly stopping a moving object reciprocated by a rod in an air pressure cylinder. The shock absorber absorbs and reduces the internal pressure of a chamber in the cylinder to smoothly stop the moving object by the communication of air compressed in the chamber to the atmosphere through a bypass passage formed in a cylinder wall. The air pressure is released to the atmosphere after the piston has moved through a predetermined stroke.

Abstract: A contact sensor for detecting operation of a movable probe against force added by an object from any direction. The contact sensor has a movable probe which is supported in a cylindrical housing, a bridge, and only one set of electric contacts which are provided at center of the movable probe and the bridge and pushed each other by a spring provided in the housing. The movable probe comprises a hollow connector, a stylus which fixed at one end of the connector and extended from an opening of a cylindrical housing, and a flange which is provided at the other end of the connector. The flange is freely mounted on an annular fulcrum fixed on an inner wall of the housing so that electric signals are detected by a detector when the movable probe freely inclines at the fulcrum and the electric contacts operate due to pushing the stylus with an object from any direction.

Abstract: An improvement of an electromagnetic valve apparatus, in which a fluid passage is opened or closed by a movable iron core. The invention provides a hand-operated transfer device having a flat spring member with a large diameter annular element and a small diameter annular element, and an extended element which is connected with both annular elements at one portion. A hand operated member has an inner end which contacts an end of the extended element and is operable from the other end from the outside of the valve. Operation of the member results in movement of the iron core by the small diameter annular element.