Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a microorganism that efficiently produces a PUFA and a method for producing a PUFA using the microorganism. The present invention relates to a microorganism capable of producing a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), in which a gene encoding an exogenous polyketide synthase dehydratase (PS-DH) domain having a higher activity against 3-hydroxyhexanoyl acyl carrier protein (3-hydroxyhexanoyl ACP) than an endogenous FabA-like ?-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase (FabA-DH) domain has been introduced into a microorganism having a PUFA metabolic pathway, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microorganism having a reduced or inactivated activity of a protein according to any one of the following [1] to [3] and improved productivity of lacto-N-triose II or an oligosaccharide having a lacto-N-triose II (LNTII) skeleton as compared with a parent strain: [1] a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4, [2] a mutant protein having an oligosaccharide transporting activity and consisting of an amino acid sequence in which 1 to 20 amino acids are deleted, substituted, inserted, or added in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4, and [3] a homologous protein having an oligosaccharide transporting activity and consisting of an amino acid sequence having an identity of 90% or more with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4.

Abstract: Provided are a recombinant microorganism having an ability to produce heterologous CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase, in which the CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase is a polypeptide having a CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase activity and consisting of a specific amino acid sequence, and a method for producing CDP-choline using the recombinant microorganism.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a microorganism having an ability to produce NeuAc and/or a NeuAc-containing carbohydrate, and a method for producing NeuAc and/or the NeuAc-containing carbohydrate more efficiently by the microorganism. The present invention relates to a microorganism which has an ability to produce NeuAc and/or a NeuAc-containing carbohydrate and whose enterobacterial common antigen (ECA) biosynthesis pathway is blocked, and a method for producing NeuAc and/or the NeuAc-containing carbohydrate using the microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention provides a trisulfide-compound-containing agent for inhibiting nitration of tyrosine residues in hepatocyte growth factor, the trisulfide compound being: glutathione trisulfide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or a compound represented by formula (1) (wherein X represents —OR1 or —NR2R3, R1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R2 and R3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group may have one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of amino groups and carboxy groups), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a cyclodextrin clathrate thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for improving attention of a healthy human subject by administering an effective amount of citidine-5?-diphosphocholine or a salt thereof to a healthy human subject.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a modified protein having an ?1,2-fucosyltransferase activity and a method for producing a fucose-containing carbohydrate using the protein or a microorganism having an ability to produce the protein. According to the present invention, a fucose-containing carbohydrate such as 2?-fucosyllactose can be more efficiently produced by using a protein having an ?1,2-fucosyltransferase activity and being modified to substitute a specific amino acid residue with another amino acid residue, or a microorganism having the protein or an ability to produce the protein, compared to the case of using a wild-type protein having an ?1,2-fucosyltransferase activity, or a microorganism having the protein or an ability to produce the protein.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a fucose-containing carbohydrate more efficiently as compared with that in related art. The present invention relates to any one protein of [1] a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4, [2] a mutant protein having an ?1,3-fucosyltransferase activity and consisting of an amino acid sequence in which 1 to 20 amino acids are deleted, substituted, inserted, or added in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4, and [3] a homologous protein having an ?1,3-fucosyltransferase activity and consisting of an amino acid sequence having an identity of 90% or more with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a lactose-containing oligosaccharide through more efficient fermentative production. According to the invention, using a microorganism having an ability of producing a protein which is modified by replacing a specific amino acid residue with a different amino acid residue and which has lactose permease activity, a lactose-containing oligosaccharide such as 2?-fucosyllactose can be produced more efficiently as compared to the case using a microorganism having an ability of producing the wild-type protein having lactose permease activity.

Abstract: A prophylactic or therapeutic agent for acute renal failure that includes glutathione trisulfide or a pharmacolgically acceptable salt thereof; and a method for determining at least one among the advisability, the method of administration, and the dosage of glutathione trisulfide or a pharmacolgically acceptable salt thereof on the basis of GDF-15 concentration in the blood.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition which contains an intestinal bacterium belonging to the genus Veillonella and having an inflammation reducing activity, or a substance derived from the intestinal bacterium and having an inflammation reducing activity and which has at least one activity selected from an anti-inflammatory activity, an immunoregulation activity, an epithelial barrier restoring activity, an IL-10-inducing activity, and an IL-22-inducing activity, and to an ameliorating agent for an inflammatory disease, an autoimmune disease, or an infectious disease containing the intestinal bacterium and the substance derived from the intestinal bacterium and having an inflammation reducing activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition which contains an intestinal bacterium belonging to Bacteroidetes and having an inflammation reducing activity, or a substance derived from the intestinal bacterium and having an inflammation reducing activity and which has at least one activity selected from an anti-inflammatory activity, an immunoregulation activity, an epithelial barrier restoring activity, an IL-10-inducing activity, and an IL-22-inducing activity, and to an ameliorating agent for an inflammatory disease, an autoimmune disease, or an infectious disease containing the intestinal bacterium and the substance derived from the intestinal bacterium and having an inflammation reducing activity.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a protein having dipeptide synthesizing activity with improved substrate specificity, and a method in which the protein or a microorganism having ability to produce the protein is used to efficiently produce a target dipeptide while reducing a by-product dipeptide produced in addition to the target dipeptide. According to the present invention, a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence obtained by substituting, with other amino acid residues, amino acid residues corresponding to one or more amino acid residues selected from the group consisting of amino acid residues at positions 107, 108, and 110 in an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, or a mutant protein or a homologous protein of a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 is provided, and a microorganism producing the protein can be used to efficiently produce a dipeptide.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently producing a fucose-containing carbohydrate by using a protein associated with transport of a fucose-containing carbohydrate and a microorganism having an ability to produce the protein. The present invention relates to any one protein of [1] a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4, [2] a mutant protein having a transporting activity for a fucose-containing carbohydrate and consisting of an amino acid sequence in which 1 to 20 amino acids are deleted, substituted, inserted, or added in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4, and [3] a homologous protein having a transporting activity for a fucose-containing carbohydrate and consisting of an amino acid sequence having an identity of 90% or more with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4.

Abstract: A health improvement path search device including: a first model generating unit configured to generate a first model predicting a value of a health index; a second model generating unit configured to generate a second model deriving a presence probability; and a path searching unit configured to derive the value of the health index and the presence probability corresponding to each measurement target value specify a plurality of paths transitioning to each of the measurement target values from the current values as start points, specify paths in which the value of the health index at an end point is improved from the current value of the health index among the plurality of paths as candidate paths, and specify a path for which a product of the presence probabilities of the measurement target values included in the candidate path is a maximum as a health improvement path.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an agent for preventing or improving decline in brain function such as decreased perception ability, decreased memory learning ability, decreased thinking ability, decreased concentration, decreased attention, decreased judgment ability, depression, and decreased exercise performance caused thereby. According to the invention, an agent for protecting brain neuronal cells, comprising citrulline or a salt thereof and citicoline or a salt thereof as active ingredients as well as an agent for preventing or improving decline in brain function, comprising citrulline or a salt thereof and citicoline or a salt thereof as active ingredients is provided.

Abstract: An agent for elevating nitric oxide (NO) concentration comprising glutathione or a salt thereof as an active ingredient; an agent for elevating NO concentration comprising glutathione or a salt thereof as an active ingredient for preventing or ameliorating a vascular endothelial malfunction-related symptom, or dilating blood vessels or promoting blood flow by elevating NO concentration; and a method for elevating NO concentration by ingesting glutathione or a salt thereof.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a microorganism that efficiently produces EPA and a method for producing EPA using the microorganism. The present invention relates to a microorganism having an ability to produce docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), wherein the microorganism contains a protein composed of an amino acid sequence in which at least one of the amino acid residues at positions 6, 65, 230, 231, and 275 in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 has been substituted with another amino acid residue (mutated OrfB), and is capable of producing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and the like.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for improving attention of a healthy human subject by administering an effective amount of citidine-5?-diphosphocholine or a salt thereof to a healthy human subject.

Abstract: An agent for elevating nitric oxide (NO) concentration comprising glutathione or a salt thereof as an active ingredient; an agent for elevating NO concentration comprising glutathione or a salt thereof as an active ingredient for preventing or ameliorating a vascular endothelial malfunction-related symptom, or dilating blood vessels or promoting blood flow by elevating NO concentration; and a method for elevating NO concentration by ingesting glutathione or a salt thereof.