Abstract: A catalyst for the gasification of heavy hydrocarbons in a fluidized bed which contains CaO and has high catalytic activity, long life and mechanical strength, and further characterized in that a part or the whole of said CaO exists in the form of at least one member selected from the group consisting of 2CaO.Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, 2CaO.SiO.sub.2 and 3CaO.SiO.sub.2 is disclosed.