Abstract: A sustained-arc control system is constituted with a capacitance which is placed between a gap on a solar battery array, working to control or inhibit the sustained arc. A solar battery array has a plurality of solar cells to provide a power source onboard an artificial satellite. A plurality of series circuits each of which composed of the solar cells connected in series is connected in parallel. The sustained-arc control system on the solar battery array is constituted with a capacitance lying between a positive line and a negative line to be charged with a voltage oscillation arising from the sustained arc. Electrostatic capacity of the capacitance is in a range of from at least 33 nF to 10 ?F.

Abstract: A maintenance and management system for tracheal tube in tracheal intubation makes it easier or steadier to identify endotracheal tube placement in the airway, check a tracheal stenosis due to sputum clogging, confirm a breakaway of the tube out of the airway, store and monitor measured data, diagnose automatically the complications, and obtain data for reproducing function of sound in a breath circuit. A ventilator tube is connected to the endotracheal tube and provided therein with a microphone to sense a breath sound transmitted via the endotracheal tube and a pressure sensing element to measure a circuit pressure in the ventilator circuit for the endotracheal tube. The data derived from the sensing elements is processed in a personal computer to be used to measure whether the breath sound and the circuit pressure are within a range of a prescribed value.

Abstract: A sustained-arc control system is constituted with a capacitance which is placed between a gap on a solar battery array, working to control or inhibit the sustained arc. A solar battery array has a plurality of solar cells to provide a power source onboard an artificial satellite. A plurality of series circuits each of which composed of the solar cells connected in series is connected in parallel. The sustained-arc control system on the solar battery array is constituted with a capacitance lying between a positive line and a negative line to be charged with a voltage oscillation arising from the sustained arc. Electrostatic capacity of the capacitance is in a range of from at least 33 nF to 10 ?F.