Abstract: A framed, low-temperature refrigeration device is provided, which includes a working circuit that forms a loop and contains a working fluid, the working circuit forming a cycle that includes in series: a compression mechanism, a cooling mechanism, an expansion mechanism and a heating mechanism, wherein the mechanisms for cooling and heating the working fluid include a common heat exchanger in which the working fluid flows in opposite directions in two separate transit portions of the working circuit.

Abstract: A method for liquefying a hydrocarbon stream using at least one heat exchanger of the plate and fin type having at least one first part and one second part, the first and second parts being physically separate and each comprising at least one stack of a plurality of plates that are parallel to one another and to a longitudinal direction that is substantially vertical, the plates of the first part and the plates of the second part being stacked in a stacking direction that is orthogonal to the plates, the plates being stacked with spacing so as to define between them a plurality of first passages for the flow of at least part of a second two-phase cooling stream in the first part and a plurality of second passages for the flow of at least part of a first two-phase cooling stream in the second part.

Abstract: Disclosed is a packing made up of a stack of plates, having been shaped to form corrugations in the plate and assembled to form a cross-corrugated packing block for a mass and/or heat transfer application, wherein the material of the packing plates is an open-pore metal foam, and in that the specific surface area of the packing is greater than 500 m2/m3 and in that the thickness (e) of the plate is less than 2 mm before the shaping operation.

Abstract: A powder storage device includes an enclosure configured to contain a powder and an atmosphere, the device having at least one sensitive element arranged inside the enclosure, such that at least one optical property of the sensitive element depends on the atmosphere inside the enclosure, the device having observation means including at least one observation part, which is at least partially transparent, the observation means making it possible to observe the optical property of the sensitive element from outside of the enclosure.

Abstract: A method of improving an endothermic process in a furnace utilizing steps a) calibrating the simplified physical model of step c3) by measuring one or more tube temperature for at least a tube impacted by the throttling of a burner in standard and in throttled state, b) acquiring information on a tube temperature for the tubes present in the furnace with all the burners present in the furnace under standard non-throttled conditions, c) getting a map of burners to throttle including c1) choosing at least one parameter representative of the performances of the furnace with a target of improvement, c2) choosing at least one or more power ratio for the burner throttling, c3) utilizing the information of step b) and a simplified physical model of the impact of throttling a burner on the tube temperature, c4) getting a map of burners to throttle, step d) throttling the burners.

Abstract: An installation for supplying a fuel cell with hydrogen comprising a fuel cell, a liquefied hydrogen storage facility and a supply circuit that includes at least one upstream end connected to the storage facility and one downstream end connected to a fuel inlet of the fuel cell, the supply circuit including at least one system for heating hydrogen by heat exchange with a heat source and a set of control valves, the liquefied hydrogen storage facility being configured to keep the liquefied hydrogen in equilibrium with a gaseous phase at a determined nominal storage pressure of between 1.5 and 4.5 bar, the supply circuit including a buffer tank for pressurized gaseous hydrogen which is configured to store the hydrogen withdrawn from the storage facility and heated by the heating system, the set of valves being configured to accumulate pressurized gas in the buffer tank at a determined storage pressure of between 4 and 100 bar, for example between 6 and 8 bar.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for cooling and/or liquefying a user fluid flow, the method using a cooling and/or liquefying system comprising a low-temperature refrigeration device, the refrigeration device comprising a working circuit forming a loop and containing a working fluid, the refrigeration device comprising a cooling exchanger intended to extract heat from the user fluid flow by heat exchange with the working fluid circulating in the working circuit, the working circuit forming a cycle comprising, in a series: a compression mechanism a cooling mechanism, an expansion mechanism, and a reheating mechanism, the system comprising a pipe for circulation of the user fluid flow to be cooled in heat exchange with the cooling exchanger of the refrigeration device, the method comprising a step of cooling a user fluid flow in the cooling exchanger and after this cooling step, a step of cleaning impurities solidified in the cooling exchanger, the cleaning step comprising stopping of the refrigeration device

Abstract: A gas processing vessel of cylindrical shape having a cylindrical shell of the vertical axis, a gas distribution device and a first particulate material, the distribution device being fixed in the vessel next to a gas inlet or outlet orifice recessed into a lower end wall, a cover being designed to be in contact without a weld with the lower end wall and having a diameter greater than or equal to one third of the diameter of the vessel, a second particulate material with an equivalent diameter De greater than or equal to 10 mm and greater than the dimensions of the openings in the cover, and a means for centering the cover above the inlet or outlet orifice, the means being fixed to the pipe that is connected to the orifice.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plate and fin heat exchanger for bringing into a heat exchange relationship at least one refrigerant fluid and one calorigenic fluid, having a plurality of plates arranged parallel to a longitudinal direction so as to define a plurality of passages between said plates, at least one passage being formed between two adjacent plates and having at least one heat exchange structure equipped with at least one series of fins extending parallel to the longitudinal direction and following one another in a lateral direction, the fins, within the passage, defining channels for the flow of the fluids. According to the invention, at least one fin, over at least part of its surface, has a surface texturing in the form of striations arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A plant for separating gases from the air comprises, in the direction of circulation of the stream of air: a compression means for compressing the stream of air to a pressure P1 of between 1.15 bar abs and 2 bar abs, a TSA adsorption unit, and a cryogenic distillation unit, with the adsorption unit comprising at least two adsorbers A1 and A2 each having a parallelepipedal casing arranged horizontally and comprising: an air stream inlet and outlet, two fixed bed adsorbent masses each likewise parallelepipedal with faces parallel to the faces of the casing, and a set of volumes allowing the stream of air to traverse the two adsorbent masses horizontally, in parallel, over the whole cross section of each of the adsorbent masses and throughout their thicknesses.

Abstract: Disclosed is a SAM forming composition comprising a SAM monomer or precursor having a backbone with a surface reactive group, wherein the backbone contains no Si—C bonds and is selected from the group consisting of a Si—C bond-free polysilane and a trisilylamine. The surface reactive groups are disclosed for the surface to be covered being a dielectric surface and a metal surface, respectively. A process of forming a SAM on a surface and a process of forming a film on the SAM are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for filling a batch of gas bottles with a gas mixture, wherein the gas mixture may have of a single constituent in a matrix or a plurality of constituents in a matrix, which matrix has of one or more base gases, in which a real-time analysis of all the constituents of the gas mixture is carried out at the exit of a mixing chamber and before it enters a compression stage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid compression apparatus having a plurality of compression stages, comprising a first compression chamber, a second compression chamber, an intake system communicating with the first compression chamber which is configured to allow fluid to be compressed into said first compression chamber, a transfer system configured to allow in an open position the transfer of fluid from the first compression chamber to the second compression chamber, a mobile piston for ensuring the compression of the fluid in the first and second compression chambers.

Abstract: In a process for the separation of a mixture containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide to produce gaseous hydrogen, the mixture is cooled down to a temperature below ?180° C. and then separated at a temperature below ?100° C. to produce a gas enriched in hydrogen and a fluid enriched in carbon monoxide, at least a part of the gas enriched in hydrogen is sent to a pressure swing adsorption separation apparatus operating at a temperature above 0° C. to produce a gas rich in hydrogen at a pressure of at least 20 bars, and at least a part of the gas rich in hydrogen is cooled in the heat exchanger down to a temperature below ?100° C., reduced in pressure in a turbine down to a pressure of at least 8 bars and reheated in the heat exchanger to constitute a product rich in hydrogen at a pressure of at least 8 bars.

Abstract: A system for minimizing heat leaks to a liquid cryogen pump incorporating a bayonet includes a male bayonet portion received in a female bayonet portion, each having a circular cross-section and comprising an outer pipe surrounding an inner pipe and an annulus therebetween which is under vacuum, wherein a liquid cryogen pump is contained within an interior of the male bayonet portions.

Abstract: A reactor for the catalytic production of methanol having two or more reaction zones arranged and surrounded by a heat exchange fluid. The reaction zones are preferably reaction tubes, and each reaction zone has at least one cleaning layer and at least one catalyst layer, where the cleaning layer is arranged upstream, and the catalyst layer is arranged downstream. A method for the catalytic production of methanol from synthesis gas using the reactor is also described.

Abstract: A method for delivering a liquid cryogen from a liquid cryogen source to a storage tank can include the steps of: providing a bayonet system having an in-line pump disposed therein, the bayonet system having an upstream end and a downstream end; attaching the bayonet system to an upstream conduit, wherein the upstream conduit is in fluid communication with a liquid cryogen source, attaching the bayonet system to a downstream conduit, wherein the downstream conduit is in fluid communication with the storage tank; purging and cooling the upstream conduit and the downstream conduit; and flowing the liquid cryogen from the liquid cryogen source to the storage tank.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a plant for producing hydrogen by steam reforming and high-temperature electrolysis. Steam reforming produces a synthesis gas from a carbon-containing starting material and steam. Process heat generated in the context of the steam reforming is utilized for producing steam from water. Thus-produced steam is utilized as reactant for producing an electrolysis product in a high-temperature electrolysis step, wherein the electrolysis product includes at least hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen is separated from the synthesis gas produced by steam reforming and from the electrolysis product produced by high-temperature electrolysis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving stability of a hydrogen gaseous dispensing system. An example of such system is hydrogen powered vehicle fuel filling station. Vehicle is filled by multiple high pressure gaseous hydrogen tubes, usually one tube at a time. For safety and reliability reasons a control requirement for such system is to be able to deliver the hydrogen at constant rate to the fuel tank so that its rate of pressure increase stays constant during entire filling process. A dual pressure regulator arrangement is proposed to better maintain flow continuity and/or pressure during tube switching.