Abstract: A method of forming a conformal and continuous crystalline Si film on a surface of a substrate comprises: exposing the substrate to a vapor of a first Si-containing precursor under a first temperature; allowing a seed film being formed onto the surface; exposing the substrate to a vapor of a second Si-containing precursor and a vapor of a dopant precursor under a second temperature; depositing a doped amorphous Si-containing film onto the seed film by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process; and annealing the substrate to crystalize the doped amorphous Si-containing film forming the conformal and continuous crystalline Si film on the surface. The first Si-containing precursor is (diisobutylamine)trisilane ((iBu)2-N—(SiH2)2—SiH3).

Abstract: A process for producing methanol, wherein a make-up gas stream from a reformer unit is admixed with a hydrogen-containing stream from a hydrogen recovery stage to obtain a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas, which is combined with a residual gas stream and the combined stream is passed through a bed of a methanol synthesis catalyst at elevated pressure and elevated temperature to obtain a product stream comprising methanol and the residual gas stream and wherein the product stream is cooled to remove methanol from the residual gas stream. Wherein a portion of the residual gas stream is removed as a purge gas stream and a portion of the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas stream is removed and combined with the purge gas stream to obtain a mixed synthesis gas stream and the mixed synthesis gas stream is sent to the hydrogen recovery stage to produce the hydrogen-containing stream.

Abstract: A plant for producing a synthesis gas chiefly consisting of hydrogen and carbon monoxide by catalytic steam reformation of a hydrocarbonaceous feed gas, wherein the heat of burners required for the chemical reforming reactions to take place is generated by producing a flue gas and wherein, by utilizing the heat contained in the synthesis gas and in the flue gas, a pure steam is generated from boiler feed water and a process steam is generated from process condensate, wherein for the generation of the pure steam synthesis gas and flue gas are used and for the generation of the process steam a part of the pure steam is used as heat-transfer medium and the remaining part of the pure steam is discharged from the process as export steam.

Abstract: A method for separating air by cryogenic distillation in a system of columns comprising a first column and a second column operating at a lower pressure than the first column, comprising the steps of compressing all of the feed air in a first compressor to a first output pressure of at least 1 bar greater than the pressure of the first column, sending a first portion of the air under the first output pressure to the second compressor, and compressing the air to a second output pressure, cooling and condensing at least a portion of the air under the second output pressure in a heat exchanger, withdrawal of a liquid from a column of the system of columns, pressurising the liquid and evaporating the liquid by heat exchange in the heat exchanger, and pressure reduction of a portion of the compressed air to a second output pressure, at least partially evaporating said air in the heat exchanger, optionally additional heating of said air in the heat exchanger, and sending at least a portion of this air to the second

Abstract: A pressurized fluid container having a pressure indicator device, the device having-a piston sensitive to the prevailing pressure in the pressurized fluid container, the piston moving, depending on the value of the pressure in the pressurized fluid container, between at least a retracted position and a deployed position; an indicator component configured to cooperate with the piston, the indicator component moving, depending on the position of the piston, between at least a first position representing a first pressure value and a second position representing a second pressure value.

Abstract: A heat exchanger having a first and second mixing devices having at least one lateral channel configured in order for a first phase of the first fluid to flow from at least one first inlet; a series of longitudinal channels extending in the longitudinal direction and each configured in order for a second phase of the first fluid to flow from a second inlet to a second outlet, the longitudinal channels succeeding each other in a lateral direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction; and at least one opening fluidly connecting the at least one lateral channel to at least one longitudinal channel such that the first and second mixing devices are configured to distribute a mixture of the first phase and the second phase via the second outlets of their respective longitudinal channels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an insertion device for inserting at least one section of packing for a gas/liquid separation column into a cylindrical casing, characterized in that a deployment module comprises a main member centred about a main axis of the insertion device, and a plurality of peripheral members arranged circumferentially and uniformly around the main axis, each of the peripheral members comprising an attachment means configured to grasp hold of a packing section, the deployment module comprising a plurality of branches arranged as pairs of branches connecting the main member to one of the peripheral members, the deployment module being able to modify the dimension of the insertion device by modifying a radial distance between the main member and each of the peripheral members.

Abstract: A combined plant for cryogenic separation and liquefaction of methane and carbon dioxide in a biogas stream, including a mixing means, a compressor, a first exchanger, a distillation column, a second exchanger, a separating means, an expanding means, and a separator vessel. Wherein, the mixing means is configured such that the recycle gas is the overhead vapour stream, and the first exchanger and the expanding means are combined.

Abstract: Composite hollow fiber gas separation membranes with improved permeance and separation layer adhesion are manufactured by providing dipping a hollow fiber membrane substrate in a pre-coat layer coating composition followed by drying to thereby provide a pre-coated substrate and dipping the pre-coated substrate in a separation layer coating composition followed by drying to thereby provide the composite hollow fiber gas separation membranes. The pre-coating composition includes a first polymer dissolved in a first solvent and the separation layer composition includes a second polymer dissolved in a second solvent. The first and second polymers are the same or different, each of the first and second polymers is at least 1 wt % soluble in a same third solvent, the first and second solvents are the same or different, the first and third solvents are the same or different, and the second and third solvent are the same or different.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger of the brazed plate and fin type including a stack of plates arranged parallel to one another and to a longitudinal direction so as to define, between the plates, a plurality of passages suitable for the flow of at least a first fluid in the longitudinal direction, at least one exchange structure of corrugated shape being arranged between two successive plates and having corrugation crests and corrugation troughs connected alternately by a succession of fins. The fins succeeding one another in a lateral direction which is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction and which defines a direction of corrugation of the exchange structure, and the corrugation crests and troughs being arranged against the plates and having a thickness measured parallel to a direction of stacking which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and to the lateral direction.

Abstract: Protective barrier for an item of industrial equipment that is traversed by and/or processes a combustible fluid or oxygen, having four vertical walls forming four sides of a parallelepiped, these walls being attached to a base so as to define a rectangular-section space that is intended to contain the industrial equipment arranged on the base, the four vertical walls having a height of at least 2.4 m and having at least one partial roof attached to at least one of the vertical walls, having a surface parallel to the base and extending over the space, the surface area of the partial roof or the surface area of each of the partial roofs being equal to at most 50% of the surface area corresponding to the rectangular section.

Abstract: A hydrogen refilling station for filling tanks of fuel cell electric vehicles includes a liquid hydrogen tank that feeds liquid hydrogen to an upstream end of a filling circuit that also includes a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger exchanges heat between the liquid hydrogen and heat transfer fluid flows to thereby cool the heat transfer fluid and vaporize the liquid hydrogen to provide a supply of high pressure hydrogen gas for filling hydrogen-fueled vehicle tanks at a downstream end of the circuit. Because the liquid hydrogen is surrounded by the heat transfer fluid inside the heat exchanger, little if any fogging occurs.

Abstract: In a process for separating a mixture containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, the mixture cooled in a heat exchanger is contacted by a stream of liquid methanol at a temperature below ?40° C. to produce carbon dioxide enriched methanol and a carbon dioxide depleted gas relative to the cooled mixture, the carbon dioxide depleted gas is cooled in the heat exchanger and is sent to a separation unit to produce a carbon monoxide enriched stream and a hydrogen enriched stream and the streams enriched in carbon monoxide and hydrogen are heated in the heat exchanger by exchanging heat with the mixture.

Abstract: Plant and method for storing and distributing pressurized liquefied cryogenic fluid, comprising a liquefied gas source and a distribution member, comprising a first fluid inlet connected to the liquefied gas source and a second end intended to be connected to a user of the pressurized liquefied gas supplied by the distribution member, the source comprising a first liquefied gas store configured to store and supply the liquefied gas to the distribution member at a first determined pressure, the source comprising a second liquefied gas store configured to store the liquefied gas at a second determined pressure which is lower than the first pressure, the plant comprising a connecting pipe having a valve assembly connecting the first and second liquefied gas stores, the plant comprising a filling pipe having a valve assembly and having a first end connected to the second liquefied gas store and a second end intended to be connected to a mobile store for supplying liquefied gas to fill the source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a plant for producing methanol in which a compressed make-up gas stream which contains at least one carbon oxide and hydrogen is combined with a residual gas to afford a synthesis gas stream and reacted to afford methanol. According to the invention the residual gas stream and the make-up gas stream are combined using a jet pump, wherein the compressed make-up gas stream is supplied to the jet pump as motive medium via its motive media connection at a pressure p1 and the residual gas stream is supplied to the jet pump as suction medium via its suction port at a pressure p3 and wherein the synthesis gas stream is discharged from the jet pump via its pressure port at a pressure p2 and subsequently supplied to the synthesis stage and wherein p1>p2>p3.

Abstract: A single compressor is used to separately compress permeate from cascaded first and second gas separation membrane-based separation units and residue from a fourth gas separation membrane-based separation unit in order to avoid too high a CO2 partial pressure in the compressed permeate. After the permeates from the first and second stages are compressed, the compressed stream is fed to a third gas separation membrane-based separation unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing high-purity nitrogen and low-purity oxygen using three-column rectification are provided, in which: nitrogen and oxygen undergo rectification in different columns, with high-purity nitrogen and low-purity oxygen being separated out of air simultaneously, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of conventional low-purity oxygen production equipment, and also reducing equipment investment, lowering energy consumption, increasing product added value, and realizing a circular economy effect.

Abstract: Refrigeration system comprising: a first cryogenic chamber defined by at least a first wall, the first cryogenic chamber being thermally connected to at least a first cold source; a second cryogenic chamber defined by at least a second wall which extends at least partially facing the first wall, the second chamber being contained inside the first chamber and thermally connected to at least a second cold source; wherein the refrigeration system comprises at least a first door made in the first wall substantially facing a second door made in the second wall, the first door and the second door being arranged in such a way that the opening of the first door allows the opening of the second door.

Abstract: A method for operating a water treatment plant, wherein the plant is equipped with an apparatus for injecting a gas containing oxygen into an effluent, the method comprising a phase of detecting anomalies in the operation of the apparatus, wherein the phase of detecting anomalies comprises an implementation of the following steps: providing data representative of the operating state of the apparatus; and providing a system for acquiring and processing said data.

Abstract: A cryogen storage vessel at an installation is filled with liquid cryogen from a liquid cryogen storage tank that has a pressure lower than that of the vessel. After headspaces of the vessel and tank are placed in fluid communication with another via a gas transfer vessel and are pressure-balanced, a pump in a liquid transfer line connected between the tank and the vessel is operated to transfer amounts of liquid cryogen from the tank to the vessel via the liquid transfer line and pump as amounts of gaseous cryogen are transferred, through displacement by the pumped cryogenic liquid, from the vessel to the tank.