Abstract: A process for preparing a fermented malt beverage wherein brewing materials ere mashed with water and the resulting mash is heated and wort separated therefrom. The wort is boiled, cooled and fermented and the beer is subjected to a finishing stage, which includes aging, to produce the final beverage. The improvement comprises subjecting the beer to a cold stage comprising rapidly cooling the beer to a temperature of about its freezing point in such a manner that ice crystals are formed therein in only minimal amounts. The resulting cooled beer is then mixed for a short period of time with a beer slurry containing ice crystals, without any appreciable collateral increase in the amount of ice crystals in the resulting mixture. Finally, the so-treated beer is extracted from the mixture.

Abstract: A flow-through photochemical reactor includes a reactor body, that circumscribes a longitudinally extending channel having a generally annular cross section. This channel accommodates fluids passing between an inner wall of the reactor body and an outer wall of a photon-transmitting tube that is housed internally thereof. In addition, the reactor includes mechanically static, fluid-dynamic elements for passively inducing substantial turbulent flow within a fluid as it passes through the channel. This arrangement substantially increases the uniformity of the fluid's exposure to photons radiating from a source within the tube into the fluid as it is conducted through the channel.

Abstract: A process for chill-treating, which is exemplified by a process for preparing a fermented malt beverage wherein brewing materials are mashed with water and the resulting mash is heated and wort separated therefrom. The wort is boiled cooled and fermented and the beer is subjected to a finishing stage, which includes aging, to produce the final beverage. The improvement comprises subjecting the beer to a cold stage comprising rapidly cooling the beer to a temperature of about its freezing point in such a manner that ice crystals are formed therein in only minimal amounts. The resulting cooled beer is then mixed for a short period of time with a beer slurry containing ice crystals, without any appreciable collateral increase in the amount of ice crystals in the resulting mixture. Finally, the so-treated beer is extracted from the mixture.

Abstract: A process for the production of a hopped malt beer wherein a processing liquid containing riboflavin is hopped to form the desired beverage. The improvement comprises subjecting that processing liquid to an effective amount of actinic radiation of a wavelength adopted to decompose the riboflavin and thereby reduce the amount thereof, whereby a beer having enhanced light stability is obtained.

Abstract: A process for preparing a fermented malt beverage wherein brewing materials are mashed with water and the resulting mash is heated and wort separated there from. The wort is boiled, cooled and fermented and the beer is subjected to a finishing stage, which includes aging, to produce the final beverage. The improvement comprises subjecting the beer to a cold stage comprising rapidly cooling the beer to a temperature of about its freezing point in such a manner that ice crystals are formed therein in only minimal amounts. The resulting cooled beet is then mixed for a short period of time with a beer slurry containing ice crystals, without any appreciable collateral increase in the mount of ice crystals in the resulting mixture. Finally, the so-treated beer is extracted from the mixture.

Abstract: An optical photodetection apparatus for glass surface defect photodetection includes a source for directing light, as an incident beam thereof against a glass surface target, which source is selected to emit light at wavelengths substantially overlapping a target-glass-absorbed bandwidth. The apparatus further includes a first optical polarizer for polarizing light emitted from the source, such that the first optical polarizer passes a resultant, polarized, incident beam against a target glass surface. The detector comprises an at least one silicon photodetector, and further includes a second optical polarizer arranged in cross-polarized relation to the first optical polarizer. The detector is aligned in defect scattered light beam detecting relation relative to the incident beam, preferably at an angle in the Brewster range, and is operable to generate a detected signal in response to light scattered through defects in said target surface.

Abstract: A carton having an incipient handhold that is adapted to partially break away from surrounding portions of a carton wall, and to sequentially collapse in a predetermined reverse folding or "concertina" fashion, to provide a folded load-bearing handhold structure.

Abstract: A process for preparing a fermented malt beverage wherein brewing materials are mashed with water and the resulting mash is heated and wort separated therefrom. The wort is boiled, cooled and fermented and the beer is subjected to a finishing stage, which includes aging, to produce the final beverage. The improvement comprises subjecting the beer to a cold stage comprising rapidly cooling the beer to a temperature of about its freezing point in such a manner that ice crystals are formed therein in only minimal amounts. The resulting cooled beer is then mixed for a short period of time with a beer slurry containing ice crystals, without any appreciable collateral increase in the amount of ice crystals in the resulting mixture. Finally, the so-treated beer is extracted from the mixture.

Abstract: A carton divider comprising a structural web surrounding a plurality of preformed lateral flaps each circumscribed in part by an edge broken away from the web along a readily frangible line of weakness extending from one end to another end of a laterally extending hinge line arranged on the web. The plurality is arranged as laterally extending flap pairs, each pair comprising a laterally elongated first flap in laterally spaced relation across an intermediate isthmus of the web, from a laterally shorter second flap. A longitudinal array of such pairs have adjacent pairs with a mutually laterally reversed symmetry with laterally offset isthmuses arranged in a contiguous series forming a serpentine spine running along a central longitudinal axis of the web. The elongated flaps are arranged with proximal edges thereof adjacent the central axis in spaced relation from the axis sufficient to admit a divider insert to be positioned in upright supported relation by and between the proximal edges.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for enzymatically hydrolysing protein in a protein-containing liquid, comprising the step of hydrolysing the protein with an enzymatic amount of a Candida enzyme preparation, in the absence of non-indigenous beer wort protein concentrations sufficient to substantially increase foam stability in the liquid. The invention also extends to a proteolytic, Candida enzyme preparation substantially free of beer wort proteins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a decapping machine adapted to receive capped bottles and operable to decap bottles so received. The machine comprises a decapping station wherein individual capped bottles are securely positionable in bottle decapping relation with an assembly comprising a lever arm rotatable about a pivot. An anvil is secured to the lever arm in spaced apart relation from the pivot.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stable, allopolyploid, somatic fusion product useful in the fermentation arts and especially in the production of fuel alcohols. More particularly, the present invention relates to a novel allopolyploid yeast strain, Saccharomyces diastaticus NCYC 1460, which is the product of the spheroplast fusion of:(a) a hybrid, diploid strain of Sacch. diastaticus; and(b) a fusion partner which is a polyploid brewing yeast strain of the species Saccharomyces uvarum (carlsbergensis).The fusion product of the present invention is capable of an enhanced rate of fermentation and a generally higher degree of final attenuation than is typical of either of the fusion partners. Moreover the fusion product also evidences enhanced osmo- and thermo-tolerances and its multiple, non-allelic DEX gene complement renders the organism well suited to the fermentation of substrates containing dextrins and oligosaccharides.

Abstract: In accordance with the practice of the present invention, there is disclo a process which is useful in the production of a beer having a high unfermentable-residual-malt-extract to alcohol ratio. The high extract-to-alcohol beer produced by this process may be, inter alia, an alcohol-reduced beer in its own right, or may be readily converted into an alcohol-reduced beer by the simple expedient of diluting with water.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved brewing process which utilizes an adjunct comprising a highly fermentable sugar. In the process, brewers' yeast is allowed to act upon a, preferably all-malt, wort until said yeast is partially developed, following which, the adjunct is introduced into the partially fermented wort in a manner which will not have adverse effects on the yeast and the brewing process carried to completion. The adjunct is introduced over a period of time such that the Plato value of the fermenting wort substantially does not increase and osmotic shock is avoided. The process is especially advantageous when used to produce the so-called light beers.

Abstract: The specification discloses a novel brewers' yeast strain and a method of manufacturing the same. The yeast is a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and has been deposited at the National Collection of Yeast Cultures, Norwich, England under the number 962. Morphologically the giant colony of the novel strain can be described as a circular colony having a slightly serrated periphery, a convex surface topography with a central, globular dome and exhibiting primary concentric convolutions and secondary radial convolutions which, in combination, impart a rough appearance to the surface. The novel ale strain has the advantages that it is effective in worts having high plato values and is a bottom-cropping strain.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a container such as that used to enclose beer bottles which container is made of cardboard in the usual manner. The carton may be sealed manually by the provision of carton side panels with tabs which are adapted to enter associated slots in underlying end panels and thereby secure said side panels to said end panels thus sealing the carton. The carton may also be sealed using an adhesive and presently used high-speed equipment and consequently the user need only maintain an inventory of one type of carton to cover both applications.