Abstract: The invention relates to processes for dispersing oil spillages using compositions prepared by on-site dilution of concentrates containing as emulsifying agent an aliphatic carboxylic acid polyoxyalkylene glycol monoester, as solvent an aryl or aliphatic dicarboxylic acid monohydric aliphatic alcohol ester, and as pour-point depressant an alkylene, or polyoxyalkylene, glycol monoalkyl ether. These concentrates are physically and chemically stable to a wide range of temperatures, and may easily be diluted with water, especially sea-water, immediately prior to application, without any risk of gellation or an unacceptable viscosity increase, to give a use composition.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the preparation of substituted chloroacylanilides of the general formula: ##SPC1##Wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a phenyl group; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or halogen atom; R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and X.sub.1 and X.sub. 2 , which may be the same or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group. The process comprises acylating a substituted aniline of the general formula: ##SPC2##Wherein R.sub.1, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are as above defined, in the presence of phosphoryl chloride under substantially anhydrous conditions with a chlorocarboxylic acid of the general formula: ##EQU1## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as above defined.