Abstract: A solid-state ion conductor including a compound of Formula 1: Li1+(4?a)yAayM1?yXO5??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, A is an element of Groups 1 to 3 or 11 to 13, or a combination thereof, wherein an oxidation state a of A is 1?a?3, M is an element having an oxidation state of +4 of Groups 4 or 14, or a combination thereof, X is an element having an oxidation state of +5 of Groups 5, 15, 17, or a combination thereof, and 0<y?1.

Abstract: A solid-state ion conductor including a compound of Formula 1: Li4?x?a?(b+2)yAxMa(SeO3)2?yXby??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, A is an element of Groups 1 or 11, or a combination thereof, M is an element of Groups 2 to 17, or a combination thereof, wherein an oxidation state a of M is 2?a?7, X is a cluster anion having an oxidation state of b, wherein ?3?b??1, 0<(4?x?a?(b+2)y)?2, x?0, and 0?y?2.

Abstract: A solid-state ion conductor including a compound of Formula 1: Li1+(4-a)yAayM1-yXO5 ??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, A is an element of Groups 1 to 3 or 11 to 13, or a combination thereof, wherein an oxidation state a of A is 1?a?3, M is an element having an oxidation state of +4 of Groups 4 or 14, or a combination thereof, X is an element having an oxidation state of +5 of Groups 5, 15, 17, or a combination thereof, and 0<y?1.

Abstract: A solid-state ion conductor including a compound of Formula 1: Li(3+2y1)B(P1-y1A1y1O4)2 ??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, A1 is an element of Groups 4, 14, or a combination thereof, and has an oxidation state of +4, and 0<y1<1.

Abstract: Electrochemical or electrochemical and photochemical experiments are performed on a collection of samples by suspending a drop of electrolyte solution between an electrochemical experiment probe and one of the samples that serves as a test sample. During the electrochemical experiment, the electrolyte solution is added to the drop and an output solution is removed from the drop. The probe and collection of samples can be moved relative to one another so the probe can be scanned across the samples.

Abstract: Electrochemical experiments are performed on a collection of samples by suspending a drop of electrolyte solution between an electrochemical experiment probe and one of the samples that serves as a test sample. During the electrochemical experiment, the electrolyte solution is added to the drop and an output solution is removed from the drop. The probe and collection of samples can be moved relative to one another so the probe can be scanned across the samples.

Abstract: An apparatus for the generation of neutron/gamma rays is described including a chamber which defines an ion source, said apparatus including an RF antenna positioned outside of or within the chamber. Positioned within the chamber is a target material. One or more sets of confining magnets are also provided to create a cross B magnetic field directly above the target. To generate neutrons/gamma rays, the appropriate source gas is first introduced into the chamber, the RF antenna energized and a plasma formed. A series of high voltage pulses are then applied to the target. A plasma sheath, which serves as an accelerating gap, is formed upon application of the high voltage pulse to the target. Depending upon the selected combination of source gas and target material, either neutrons or gamma rays are generated, which may be used for cargo inspection, and the like.

Abstract: A single junction solar cell may be manufactured with a material having multiple bands. That is, a single semiconductor with several absorption edges that absorb photons from different parts of the solar spectrum may be constructed. The different absorption edges may be created by splitting a conduction band of the solar cell material into multiple intermediate sub-bands. The solar cell may include a photovoltaic material deposited on a substrate, in which the photovoltaic material is a III-V semiconductor alloy, such as AlGaNAs, AlGaAsNSb, or AlInGaNAsBi.

Abstract: A liquid sampling, atmospheric pressure, glow discharge (LS-APGD) device as well as systems that incorporate the device and methods for using the device and systems are described. The LS-APGD includes a hollow capillary for delivering an electrolyte solution to a glow discharge space. The device also includes a counter electrode in the form of a second hollow capillary that can deliver the analyte into the glow discharge space. A voltage across the electrolyte solution and the counter electrode creates the microplasma within the glow discharge space that interacts with the analyte to move it to a higher energy state (vaporization, excitation, and/or ionization of the analyte).

Abstract: The present invention provides a conjugate having a peptide with from about 10 to about 100 amino acids, wherein the peptide adopts a helical structure. The conjugate also includes a first polymer covalently linked to the peptide, and a hydrophobic moiety covalently linked to the N-terminus of the peptide, wherein the hydrophobic moiety comprises a second polymer or a lipid moiety. The present invention also provides helix bundles form by self-assembling the conjugates, and particles formed by self-assembling the helix bundles. Methods of preparing the helix bundles and particles are also provided.

Abstract: A method of analyzing biological material by exposing the biological material to a recognition element, that is coupled to a mass tag element, directing an ion beam of a mass spectrometer to the biological material, interrogating at least one region of interest area from the biological material and producing data, and distributing the data in plots.

Abstract: The present invention provides cycloparaphenylene compounds, their macrocyclic precursors, and methods for making the compounds. The cycloparaphenylene compounds can be used to prepare armchair carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a synthetic LDL nanoparticle comprising a lipid moiety and a synthetic chimeric peptide so s to be capable of binding the LDL receptor. The synthetic LDL nanoparticle of the present invention is capable of c incorporating and targeting therapeutics for diseases associated with the expression of the LDL receptor. The invention further provides methods of using such synthetic LDL nanoparticles.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to genomic technologies using adaptive spline analysis that predict responses of cancer cells. For example, responses of cancer cells to specific medications and/or treatments may be predicted based on adaptive linear spline analyses.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques for both spectroscopy and imaging. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods in which hyperpolarized noble gases (e.g., Xe and He) are used to enhance and improve NMR and MRI. Additionally, the hyperpolarized gas solutions of the invention are useful both in vitro and in vivo to study the dynamics or structure of a system. When used with biological systems, either in vivo or in vitro, it is within the scope of the invention to target the hyperpolarized gas and deliver it to specific regions within the system.

Abstract: A method and a system for detecting the presence of special nuclear materials in a container. The system and its method include irradiating the container with an energetic beam, so as to induce a fission in the special nuclear materials, detecting the gamma rays that are emitted from the fission products formed by the fission, to produce a detector signal, comparing the detector signal with a threshold value to form a comparison, and detecting the presence of the special nuclear materials using the comparison.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the preparation and use of a substrate having an array of diverse materials in predefined regions thereon. A substrate having an array of diverse materials thereon is generally prepared by delivering components of materials to predefined regions on a substrate, and simultaneously reacting the components to form at least two materials. Materials which can be prepared using the methods and apparatus of the present invention include, for example, covalent network solids, ionic solids and molecular solids. More particularly, materials which can be prepared using the methods and apparatus of the present invention include, for example, inorganic materials, intermetallic materials, metal alloys, ceramic materials, organic materials, organometallic materials, non-biological organic polymers, composite materials (e.g., inorganic composites, organic composites, or combinations thereof), etc.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the preparation and use of a substrate having an array of diverse materials in predefined regions thereon. A substrate having an array of diverse materials thereon is generally prepared by delivering components of materials to predefined regions on a substrate, and simultaneously reacting the components to form at least two materials. Materials which can be prepared using the methods and apparatus of the present invention include, for example, covalent network solids, ionic solids and molecular solids. More particularly, materials which can be prepared using the methods and apparatus of the present invention include, for example, inorganic materials, intermetallic materials, metal alloys, ceramic materials, organic materials, organometallic materials, non-biological organic polymers, composite materials (e.g., inorganic composites, organic composites, or combinations thereof), etc.