Abstract: Adaptive speech recognition is improved by extracting an estimate of the background noise during unknown speech input, and using the noise estimate to modify the noiseless prestored reference speech signals for comparison with the input. Averaged values of autocorrelation coefficient and Toeplitz matrix elements representative of noise frames and prestored reference frames are used to calculate the LPC predictor signals.

Abstract: Disclosed is data storage and transfer apparatus forming a sub-system of a data display terminal of the type in which a page of characters arranged in rows and columns are displayed on a television monitor by means of converting a plurality of character-representing data words into a pattern of pulses that control the intensity of the television beam during the course of its raster scan. An advantageous composition of text on the display screen is obtained in that the number of characters per row is not arbitrarily limited to being a power of two. There is provided a multi-location random access memory (RAM) having sufficient storage capacity to store all the data words for a full page. Circuitry is provided for addressing the RAM by address pointers that are represented in matrix notation. The circuitry includes address converter circuitry for converting the address pointers to absolute addresses for selecting locations of the RAM in connection with the transfer of data words into and out of the RAM.