Abstract: A method of producing front surface mirrors comprising depositing onto a hot ribbon of low transmissivity glass during the production process a low transmissivity reflecting coating whereby the mirrors have a transmissivity through the coated glass of up to about 10% in visible light. There is also provided a front surface mirror comprising a glass substrate of low transmissivity glass carrying a low transmissivity reflecting coating whereby the mirror has a transmissivity through the coated glass of up to about 10% in visible light.

Abstract: The invention relates to the press bending and tempering of glass sheets, especially for use as glazings in vehicles. When the press bending system is not located in a heated environment such as a furnace, it is important to maintain the glass sheets at a sufficiently high temperature for an adequate degree of temper to be achieved on quenching the sheet. The present invention provides a method of bending and tempering a thin glass sheet comprising pressing the substantially horizontal sheet between moulds having opposed complementary shaping surfaces, at least one of the surfaces being heated, and subsequently quenching the surfaces of the sheet characterised in that the heated shaping surface is maintained at a temperature in the range from 200.degree. C. to 350.degree. C.

Abstract: Glass sheets are press bent and tempered, especially for use as glazings in vehicles. Such glazings are required to be accurately bent to a complex shape while meeting high standards of optical quality and fracture safety at an acceptable cost. A method of bending and tempering a glass sheet is provided comprising heating the sheet in a furnace, including heating at least one portion of the sheet to a higher temperature than another portion, conveying the sheet out of the furnace and into a press bending station, shaping the sheet by pressing it between opposed complementary upper and lower press members, at least one of the members being internally heated, transferring the bent glass sheet onto a shuttle carrier ring conforming to the periphery of the sheet, and tempering the sheet while supported on the carrier ring. A corresponding apparatus is also described.

Abstract: Laminated safety glass includes a pair of glass sheets bonded together with a self-adhering composite interlayer. The composite interlayer is formed of a support layer including a plasticized PVC containing film and a polymeric adhesive layer on one, or preferably both, of the major surfaces of the support layer. The adhesive layers are formed of a polymeric material which is capable of adhering to the PVC containing support layer and to the glass sheets. The respective refractive indices of the adhesive layers and the support layer are matched as closely as possible in order to eliminate optical distortion caused by interfacial reflections of incident light. A preferred copolymer resin for forming the adhesive layers is poly(vinyl chloride-co-vinyl acetate-co-maleic acid).

Abstract: A support apparatus for supporting a workpiece in a high velocity fluid jet cutting operation. The apparatus has particular utility in the Abrasive cutting of frangible sheet material, such as glass, and especially in the cutting of a predetermined pattern from the sheet thereof. The support apparatus comprises a pair of independent support members that cooperate to provide uniform support to the entire area of the sheet during cutting. A first support member, comprising a plate which is relatively large with respect to the sheet, includes a central opening therein conforming to and slightly larger than the pattern being cut. The plate member provides support to the peripheral portion of the sheet while the central portion thereof is supported by a second support member positioned within the opening.

Abstract: An apparatus for synchronizing the movement of glass sheets through a furnace includes a stop for holding the sheets at the entrance to the furnace. An actuator is responsive to a synchronizing signal for moving the stop and releasing the sheet into the furnace. A reference point sensor detects a reference point associated with a rotating conveyor roller adjacent the entrance to the furnace when the reference point is in a predetermined spatial relationship to the glass sheet which is being held at the entrance. Thus, each glass sheet enters the furnace and engages the conveyor rollers in the same position such that any roller corrugation pattern is reproduced in the same position on each glass sheet. When two such glass sheets are laminated together to form a windshield, the roller corrugation patterns can be matched to reduce the optical distortion produced by the corrugation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a unique vacuum ring construction which can be utilized to de-air a laminated glass assembly while it is positioned within a pressurized and heated autoclave unit. The vacuum ring is constructed to minimize the amount of plastic material which can flow outwardly of the marginal edges of the glass sheet during the heating and pressurizing operation of the autoclave. The ring is provided with a channel formed therein for receiving the peripheral edge of the laminated assembly. In accordance with the present invention, at least a first length of the channel defines an inner surface having a cross-sectional configuration which generally conforms to the cross-sectional configuration defined by the outer edge surface of the laminated assembly when the ring is mounted on the laminated assembly and coupled to a vacuum source.

Abstract: A method for utilizing a unique multi-chambered conduit insert for converting a single chambered conduit into a multi-chambered conduit. In particular, the conduit insert includes a plurality of cooperating longitudinally extending walls defining a plurality of parallel spaced apart coextensive chambers. The outer wall of each chamber which is adjacent the inner supporting surface of the single chambered conduit has a configuration wherein, if the outer wall contacts the inner conduit surface when the conduit insert is inserted within the conduit, such contact is line-to-line contact. This construction results in minimal contact of the insert with the interior wall of the existing conduit and enables the multi-chambered conduit insert to be fed into the existing conduit with the expenditure of minimal energy. In the method of the present invention, two individual conduit inserts are placed in back-to-back relationship to form an insert assembly which is subsequently inserted into the single chambered conduit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inspection apparatus for detecting the surface distortion in a sheet of material such as a sheet of glass, for example, and for indicating whether the level of distortion detected in the inspected sheet is unacceptable. The inspection apparatus includes a light source mounted to direct a first beam of light toward one surface of the sheet at an oblique angle of incidence to cause a second beam of light to be reflected therefrom. A light detector is mounted to receive the reflected beam and is responsive to a light pattern produced by the reflected beam of light for generating an output signal representing the width of the light pattern. The width of the light pattern is a function of the surface distortion of the portion of the surface from which the beam is reflected. A control circuit is responsive to the detector output signals for generating an actual distortion signal representing the amount of surface distortion in the inspected portion of the surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-chambered conduit insert which can be utilized to convert a single chambered conduit into a multi-chambered conduit. In particular, the conduit insert includes a plurality of cooperating longitudinally extending walls having curved outer surface portions and defining a plurality of parallel spaced apart coextensive chambers. When the conduit insert is inserted within the single chambered conduit, the curved outer surface portions of at least one of the chambers in the lower half of the insert is in line-to-line contact with the adjacent inner supporting surface of the single chambered duct, thus causing only minimal contact with the interior wall of the existing conduit and enabling the multi-chambered conduit insert to be fed into the existing conduit with the expenditure of minimal energy.

Abstract: A lift assembly for a glass press bending apparatus of the type having upper and lower press bending members and including a reciprocally movable frame, a plurality of rotatable screwjacks operatively connected to the frame for moving the frame and a fluid actuator mounted on the movable frame by a trunnion mechanism and operatively connected to one of the press members by a self-aligning trunnion. A gear-drive mechanism operatively connected to the screwjacks rotate the screwjacks in unison.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mold structure for forming a polymeric gasket around a predetermined portion of a sheet of transparent material such as glass, for example. The mold structure includes two cooperating mold sections for defining a chamber for receiving the transparent sheet. A seal is positioned about the periphery of the chamber and is utilized to resiliently support the sheet within the chamber. Also, the seal cooperates with a predetermined portion of the transparent sheet for defining a gasket cavity having a configuration corresponding to the gasket to be formed on the sheet of transparent material. An inlet communicates with the gasket cavity and is utilized to introduce a flowable gasket material into the gasket cavity.

Abstract: A glazing unit comprised of a glass substrate and a laceration inhibiting shield supported by and extending over what would otherwise be an exposed surface of the substrate. A gasket or frame member composed of a synthetic polymer extends around a major portion of the periphery of the glass substrate and shield and is adhered to the marginal edge surfaces of each, such gasket having been polymerized in situ adjacent the said periphery and having assumed through the autogenous mechanism incident to its polymerization and cure, while confined intimate contact with the portions to which it is adhered.

Abstract: A press bending mold having a flexible, continuous shaping surface that is readily adjustable to produce a wide variety of simple as well as more complex, compound shapes. The mold includes a plurality of adjustment controls that are operably connected at select points on the backside of the shaping surface. The controls are conveniently located outwardly of the press area to enable alterations to be made to the contour of the shaping surface, quickly and easily, without interference or interruption of the glass bending and tempering operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for directing a constant velocity laminar flow of a fluid along a surface of a planar substrate. The apparatus comprises a plurality of serially arranged, individual passageways interconnecting an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is adapted to be connected to a supply of fluid, while the outlet is positioned adjacent the surface of the substrate for directing the uniform laminar flow of fluid onto the substrate surface. The individual passageways are adapted to vary the velocity of the fluid as it passes through the passageways to ensure that a laminar flow of constant velocity is produced along the surface of the substrate. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the apparatus is utilized to apply a metal oxide coating to a sheet of moving glass.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for press bending sheets into complex shapes wherein the apparatus includes at least one press member of outline or ring-type construction having an array of spaced apart shaping rail elements mounted in a composite array and adapted to pass upwardly between adjacent conveying rolls to contact and support the undersurface of a sheet of heat-softened glass. Another array of shaping rail extensions is disposed above the conveying rolls mounted for movement into and out of association with the spaces between the spaced apart shaping rail elements of the first mentioned array.

Abstract: An apparatus for partially fracturing a glass body along a score line to facilitate subsequent severance of the body along such score line by conventional top and bottom roller devices. The partial fracturing is effected by an apparatus having an impact element periodically engageable against the glass body on the glass surface opposite the surface on which the score line is inscribed.

Abstract: An apparatus for precisely locating a windshield at the take-off end of a conveyor for subsequent removal by a transfer apparatus. The locating apparatus includes a carriage having a lift device for raising the windshield off the conveyor up to a predetermined level. The carriage also is provided with a slide for moving the elevated windshield horizontally in a first direction against a first stop. The carriage is then actuated to move the windshield in a direction normal to the first direction against a second stop oriented 90.degree. from the first stop.

Abstract: An apparatus for arresting and locating a glass shaping mold in a fixed position on a continuous conveyor in vertical registry with a vertically reciprocal head for loading and unloading glass sheets onto and from the mold. The locating apparatus comprises laterally spaced locking heads rotatable between a mold receiving position and a mold locking position. The heads are mounted for vertical movement between the operative position above the conveyor and an inoperative, out-of-the-way position below the conveyor.

Abstract: An apparatus for positioning an interleave on a finished sheet product prior to transferring and depositing the latter in a stacked relation. The apparatus includes a stripper means for removing the lowermost interleave from a stack of such interleaves and advancing the same on a conveyor arrangement to a pick-up station whereat the interleave is raised into engagement with a pair of gripping arms of a reciprocal shuttle. The shuttle transports the interleave to a forward position in vertically spaced relation to the sheet product for subsequent deposit thereon prior to removal of the sheet article along with the overlying interleave by a transfer apparatus.