Abstract: An article is applied to the surface of an article, animal housing environment or animal (including humans) to provide antimicrobial activity when activated with a liquid comprising alcohol. The article may comprise a water and/or alcohol absorbent material; and a composition that reacts with water and/or alcohol to produce molecular iodine. The composition provides a local concentration (in the water and/or alcohol) of at least 5 or 10 parts per million iodine in water and/or alcohol carried by the material (that is actual water supported by the water absorbent material) when the material has 5% by weight of water present in the water absorbent.

Abstract: A process reduces the insect, arthropod or pest content in land mass by providing molecular iodine in the land mass in a concentration in aqueous material in the land mass of at least 10 parts per million. The molecular iodine may be added in gaseous or liquid or solid state, and may be formed in situ in the land mass using available water in the reaction.

Abstract: According to this invention, a process for substantially amplifying template nucleic acid present in a sample is described, wherein said amplification may be performed without prior knowledge of specific sequences, which process comprises apposition of random oligonucleotide primers to said template nucleic acid under conditions such that extension products of said primers are synthesized which are complementary to said template nucleic acid.