Abstract: In various embodiments, temporal filtering may be used to reduce noise over time in a series of video frames. A temporal filter may use previous filtered frames to reduce the noise in a current frame. For example, a temporal filter may filter noise in still parts of an image more strongly than in moving parts of the image. In some embodiments, a temporal filter requiring less processing power may include a method for detecting motion between a set of pixels and applying the temporal filter based on the detected motion. For example, if substantial motion is not detected, the temporal filter for the block of pixels may be stronger (i.e., reduce more noise) than the temporal filter applied to a block of pixels for which substantial motion has been detected.

Abstract: Determining a configuration for a conference. Input may be received specifying a plurality of devices for use in the conference. A configuration may be automatically determined for the plurality of devices for the conference. The configuration may be automatically determined based on the specified plurality of devices and may specify usage of the plurality of devices during the conference. The configuration may specify a first device of the plurality of devices as a control unit. Automatic determination may include obtaining information regarding capabilities of each of the plurality of devices, and creating the configuration based on the capabilities of each of the plurality of devices. Finally, the configuration may be displayed on a display device.

Abstract: A system and method for a management server to schedule a conference call. The management server may manage conferencing equipment, including a schedule for the managed conferencing equipment. The management server may receive scheduling information for the conference call, which may specify a time and two or more endpoints for the conference call. At least one of the endpoints may be managed by the management server. The management server may determine whether the conference call is possible, based on the scheduling information and the schedule for the managed conferencing equipment. If the conference call is determined to be possible, the conference call may be scheduled, in which case the management server may enter the scheduling information into the schedule for managed conferencing equipment.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a system may include a first conferencing system with a first speaker and a second speaker. The first conferencing system may be coupled to a second conferencing system and a third conferencing system. In some embodiments, audio from the second conferencing system may be reproduced through the first speaker, and audio from the third conferencing system may be reproduced through the second speaker. In some embodiments, audio from various participants at various conferencing systems may be reproduced on audio system components relative to the location of participants at the conferencing system. For example, audio from a first participant on the left side of a camera at a second conferencing system may be reproduced through left side speakers at the first conferencing system.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a video conferencing device (e.g., an endpoint) may generate a video frame that includes video images of two or more video conferencing endpoints. The video frame may then be sent to a video conferencing device that may receive the video frame and separate the two or more video images into separate video images. In some embodiments, coordinate information sent along with the video frame (e.g., in metadata) may be used by the video conferencing endpoint to determine the locations of the video images in the video frame to facilitate separation of the video images. By transmitting and receiving video frames with multiple video images (from different video conferencing endpoints), multiple video conferencing endpoints can implement a multi-way video conference call without using an MCU.

Abstract: A system and method for real-time data transmission through data communication networks are disclosed. The system and the method allow for real time communication between applications located in different internal networks protected by firewalls by means of representing the applications by proxies and establishing TCP channels towards an intermediate proxy server localized outside the firewalls. A set of parameters residing in the server determines i.a. the number of required TCP channels based on the ratio of measured bandwidth between the data flow directions.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting defective pixels in a sensor. A plurality of pixel values of the sensor may be detected. The values may include those of a first pixel and each nearest neighboring pixel to the first pixel. A second pixel may have the highest value of the neighboring pixels. A third pixel may have the next highest value of the neighboring pixels. A first function may be performed on the second pixel value, producing a first output value. A second function may be performed on the third pixel value, producing a second output value. If the first pixel value is higher than the first output value, or, if the first pixel value is higher than the second output value and the second pixel value is higher than the second output value, it may be determined that the first pixel is defective.

Abstract: A management system may test network paths prior to scheduled calls. Testing network paths may include one endpoint placing a test call to an endpoint on the other end of the path. Various characteristics of the network path may be tested. If the network path fails and/or in some way does not meet the predefined characteristics for the call, an administrator may be notified and/or alternate network path may be detected and tested. The call may be rescheduled if a satisfactory network path is not found in time.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a multipoint control unit (MCU) may arrange incoming video images into a composite video image and define their respective coordinate information including the size of the original composite video image. The MCU may subsequently scale the composite video image. The coordinate information for the scaled composite video image may be reformatted for the resized video images. When the endpoint receives the scaled composite video image, the endpoint may detect the actual size of the scaled composite video image and may determine the new coordinates of the video images in the scaled composite video image using a ratio of the size of the original composite video image to the actual size detected by the endpoint. These new coordinates may then be used to separate the images in the scaled composite video image to use in compositing a new composite video image.

Abstract: A facial recognition algorithm may be performed in order to identify a participant at a first endpoint in a videoconference. Participant information for the participant may be displayed together with an image of the participant on a display screen at a second endpoint in the videoconference. Displaying the participant information for the participant on the display screen may enable participants at the second endpoint to see the participant information for the participant during the videoconference.

Abstract: A method for displaying information in a videoconference is disclosed. Video information from a first endpoint of the videoconference may be received. The video information may include an image of a participant at the first endpoint. Participant information for the participant (e.g., name, phone number, job title, etc.) may also be received. The video information and the participant information for the participant may be displayed together on a display screen at a second endpoint of the videoconference.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a method for automatically converting audio speech in a videoconference into text information are described. According to one embodiment of the method, a videoconferencing device at a first endpoint in the videoconference may receive a stream of video information and audio information from a videoconferencing device at a second endpoint in the videoconference. The audio information includes speech of a participant at the second endpoint. The videoconferencing device at the first endpoint may automatically convert the speech into text information.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a speakerphone may comprise multiple (e.g., 16) microphones placed in a circular array around a central speaker. The microphones may be mounted vertically in the speakerphone with their respective diaphragms substantially parallel to the top surface of the speakerphone. The centrally mounted speaker may be coupled to a stiff internal speaker enclosure. The speaker enclosure may be made of a stiff, heavy material (e.g., a dense plastic) to prevent the speaker vibrations from excessively vibrating the speakerphone enclosure (which may affect the microphones). The speaker enclosure may also include a raised rim and ridges to increase its stiffness.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a High Definition (HD) camera may be controlled by one or more motors in a base of the HD camera. Cables and other components may be used to manipulate the HD camera lens through the side arms of the HD camera. Putting the motors in the base may reduce the size of the outer case of the HD camera and add stability. In some embodiments, images from the HD camera may be converted into a serialized stream and transported over a cable from the HD camera. Other components may also be used to increase the functionality of the HD camera.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a videoconferencing system and methods for visually indicating status and/or control information on a continuous presence display for a videoconference are described herein. In one embodiment, status information may be received from one or more of the endpoints of the videoconference and one or more status icons may be displayed on a continuous presence display in response to the status information. In another embodiment, a control icon may be displayed on the continuous presence display in order to visually indicate an endpoint that has been selected for controlling one or more of its properties.

Abstract: A communication system (e.g., a speakerphone) includes an array of microphones, a speaker, memory and a processor. The processor may perform a virtual broadside scan on the microphone array and analyze the resulting amplitude envelope to identify acoustic source angles. Each of the source angles may be further investigated with a directed beam (e.g., a hybrid superdirective/delay-and-sum beam) to obtain a corresponding beam signal. Each source may be classified as either intelligence or noise based on an analysis of the corresponding beam signal. The processor may design a virtual beam pointed at an intelligence source and having nulls directed at one or more of the noise sources. Thus, the virtual beam may be highly sensitive to the intelligence source and insensitive to the noise sources.

Abstract: A videoconferencing system may include a camera, microphones, speakers, and a codec. In some embodiments, the codec functionality may be incorporated in a set-top box (e.g., a cable box, a satellite box, or a gaming box). The codec functionality may also be split between different components of the videoconferencing system. The camera and speakers may be coupled to or placed around a display. The videoconferencing system may send/receive signals through a network coupled to the computer system. The various functions to support the videoconference (e.g., compression and decompression of video signals) may be performed by circuitry in the camera base, codec/set top box, and/or on the computer system. The computer system may be a laptop computer. In some embodiments, ported speakers may be used to maximize sound quality for the provided speaker size.