Abstract: A lamp base is provided having terminal pins mounted on and extending outwardly along a longitudinal axis of the lamp base. At least one of the pins may be a female pin connector. The female pin connector may be provided within a sheath that extends from an end of the lamp base along a longitudinal axis of the lamp base.

Abstract: A germicidal lamp having amalgam for controlling mercury vapor pressure contained in a location facilitating efficient high output operation. A low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp has an amalgam container containing an amalgam positioned behind an electrode out of the arc path or space. The amalgam position is retained during high wall loading of the lamp preventing the amalgam from moving out of position. A heating and cooling element is placed generally at the amalgam position controlling the temperature of the amalgam. Efficient operation with high current loads and resulting high wall loading and temperatures is possible. The temperature control of the amalgam may also be used to dim or modify the illumination output of the lamp. The germicidal lamp is particularly suited to being positioned vertically in a waste water treatment system.

Abstract: A lamp is provided having terminal pins mounted on and extending outwardly along a longitudinal axis of an end cap of the lamp. The pins are offset relative to one another along the longitudinal axis. The end cap has semi-circular, parallel surfaces with an asymmetrical section or recess at one end, and the pins extend outwardly from the respective semi-circular, parallel surfaces. A barrier wall extends substantially perpendicularly between the semi-circular surfaces.

Abstract: An end cap may include an end cap body that is tubular in shape, an end cap face provided at a first end of the end cap body, a plurality of end cap terminals provided on the end cap face, and a clip notch provided on an exterior side of the end cap body. The second end of the end cap body may be open and structured to receive the lamp therein. A socket may include a socket body that is generally tubular in shape, a socket face provided at a first end of the socket body, a receiving wall extending from an outer periphery of the socket face and extending in a direction away from the socket body, a plurality of socket terminals provided on the socket, and a resilient clip provided on an inner side of the receiving wall.

Abstract: A lamp base may include a cylindrical body having an end surface, a first step portion and a second step portion, a first upper pin connector provided on the first step portion, a second upper pin connector provided on the second step portion, and a first and second lower pin connector provided on the end surface. Interfitting keys and recesses may also be used to insure that a lamp base is only coupled to an appropriate socket. Adapter blocks may be used to apply such recesses to an existing lamp.

Abstract: An ultraviolet gas discharge lamp having contact pins extending downward from a base cap toward an opposing end. The lamp is placed within a conduit or duct for disinfecting air or water flowing within the conduit. The reverse contact pins that extend toward the opposing end mate with contact holes in a socket attached to the conduit through which the lamp is inserted. The lamp is only energized when the lamp is fully inserted into the duct and is de-energized upon removing the lamp from the duct. A shield protects the pins. A window may be place in the base cap so as to visually confirm that the lamp is energized and radiating. A key and mating receiver may be used on the base cap and the socket so as to prevent accidental insertion of an inappropriate lamp.

Abstract: An end cap may include an end cap body that is tubular in shape, an end cap face provided at a first end of the end cap body, a plurality of end cap terminals provided on the end cap face, and a clip notch provided on an exterior side of the end cap body. The second end of the end cap body may be open and structured to receive the lamp therein. A socket may include a socket body that is generally tubular in shape, a socket face provided at a first end of the socket body, a receiving wall extending from an outer periphery of the socket face and extending in a direction away from the socket body, a plurality of socket terminals provided on the socket, and a resilient clip provided on an inner side of the receiving wall.

Abstract: A compact germicidal lamp having a plurality of adjacent parallel glass cylinders capable of transmitting different wavelengths of ultraviolet radiation connected by a perpendicular glass tube. A first glass cylinder made of a doped quartz material and capable of transmitting ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength range of approximately 254 nanometers is positioned adjacent a second glass cylinder made of a quartz material capable of transmitting ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength range of approximately 185 nanometers. The first and second glass cylinders are connected by a perpendicular glass tube. The compact germicidal lamp, when used in a germicidal system, provides effective germicidal action in a small space. The germicidal lamp of the present invention is more easily manufactured than prior germicidal lamps and can be made having a high power.

Abstract: A germicidal lamp having amalgam for controlling mercury vapor pressure contained in a location facilitating efficient high output operation. A low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp has an amalgam container containing an amalgam positioned behind an electrode out of the arc path or space. The amalgam position is retained during high wall loading of the lamp preventing the amalgam from moving out of position. Efficient operation with high current loads and resulting high wall loading and temperatures is possible. The germicidal lamp is particularly suited to being positioned vertically in a waste water treatment system.