Abstract: An optical scanning adapter for shifting the imaging axis of an inspection probe for inspecting fiber endfaces of a multiple-fiber connector includes a housing, a fitting tip having a mating interface for interfacing with the connector, an imaging assembly, an x-direction driving mechanism, a y-direction driving mechanism, and a connecting portion for connecting an inspection probe. The imaging assembly includes a first lens, a first reflective surface, a second reflective surface, and a second lens. The connector endfaces are placed on the front focal plane of the first lens. The x-direction driving mechanism shifts the imaging axis of the imaging assembly along a first direction by translating the first lens and the first reflective surface together, whereas the y-direction driving mechanism shifts the imaging axis along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction by turning the second reflective surface about the optical axis of the second lens.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) lamp using an LED driving circuit, at least two frequency sensitive devices, at least six diodes configured to convert an AC voltage into a DC voltage and manage electric current flows, a switch control module, and a return current switch operates normally with an input voltage from either ballast or line voltages of AC mains. The LED driving circuit may be configured to operate normally only with the AC mains providing a regulated power and a current to LED arrays. When an input AC voltage is applied to the LED lamp, the at least six diodes and the at least two frequency sensitive devices can detect the input AC voltage, control electric current flowing into the switch control module or the LED driving circuit, and complete current returns so that the LED lamp can operate with either the ballast or the AC mains without operational ambiguity.

Abstract: An optical assembly maintains 90° polarization rotation. In one aspect, an optical assembly includes a polarization beam splitter a rotational element and a path exchange mirror. The temperature, wavelength and manufacturing dependencies of polarization rotation of this optical assembly are minimal to nonexistent compared to conventional Faraday rotation assemblies as the optical fiber accepts only the desired rotation. As such these optical assemblies have no temperature and wavelength dependencies of the polarization rotation angle over broad temperature and wavelength ranges with minimal additional losses. In another aspect, the polarization dependence of reflection from the path exchange mirror is managed so as to minimize the polarization effect associated with oblique incidence.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp (LED lamp) comprising four input ports, two bridge rectifiers, two interface modules, an LED driving circuit, and LED arrays operates normally for an input voltage applied from any two of the input ports without operational uncertainty and a fire hazard. The LED driving circuit is configured to provide a regulated power and current to drive the LED arrays. With a cycle-by-cycle triac switching and current control, an over-rated surge current is limited, preventing any fire hazards possibly occurred in the ballast when operated with the LED lamp. With various electrical connection terminals, the lamp can fit and operate in various lamp fixtures comprising two-pin, four-pin, or Edison-base sockets.

Abstract: The dual-purpose adapter for inspecting circular (plug-type or receptacle-type) ruggedized fiber optic connector has a guide and a fitting tip. The guide is formed by fastening a template inserter to a frame in two alternative opposite directions. The template inserter has light channels corresponding in relative positions to the endfaces in the ruggedized connector, and two locating holes for coupling and aligning with the ruggedized connector through two guide pins. Depending upon the direction in which the template inserter is fastened to the frame, the fitting tip may be inserted into a respective end of the light channels to allow the optical axis of an inspector probe connected to it to intersect at right angle with PC or APC endfaces for inspection by the inspector probe. For receptacle-type connectors, the guide further includes the two guide pins which can be locked from axial movement at two positions.

Abstract: Various embodiments of methods and systems of proactive monitoring of LED lights are described herein. An LED light monitoring system may include a specification database of LED lamps and drivers, a usage database that records the usage of LED lamps and drivers, a data acquisition subsystem that obtains the identity and the usage data of LED lamps or drivers in use, and a data processing subsystem that calculates, for each LED lamp, its current lumen output statistically and, for each LED driver, its remaining lifetime, and provides replacement recommendations for LED lamps and drivers.

Abstract: A linear light-emitting diode (LED) tube lamp using a six-diode combination and a ballast compatible and AC mains operable (BA) LED driving circuit operate normally with AC mains in a single end and with an electronic ballast in double ends. The BA LED driving circuit configured to operate in a wide range of input voltages and frequencies, especially for various high voltages and high frequencies associated with various electronic ballasts to provide a regulated power and a current from either electronic ballast or AC mains. With a cycle-by-cycle current control and power switching at a constant on-time and varied off-time, an over-rated surge current is limited, preventing occasional fire hazards occurred in the ballast. An additional frequency sensitive device is used to prevent a possible electric shock from occurring for both configurations during initial installation and re-lamping, thus no shock protection switches needed.

Abstract: Embodiments of an end-cap for an LED tube are described. In one aspect, an end-cap for an LED tube may include an end-cap housing, an elastic component, a power connector, and a movable assembly. The movable assembly may include a power pin thereon and configured to connect to an external power source. The elastic component may reside inside the end-cap housing. A first end of the movable assembly may connect to the end-cap housing. A second end of the connecting assembly opposite to the first end thereof may connect to a body of the LED tube through the power connector. The power connector may be electrically disconnected from the power pin when the end-cap housing is pressed. The power connector may be electrically connected to the power pin when the end-cap housing is not pressed.

Abstract: Embodiments of a magneto-optic crystal assembly for use in polarization rotation applications are disclosed. In one aspect, a magneto-optic crystal assembly includes two or more magneto-optic crystals. The temperature and wavelength dependencies of Faraday rotation of these crystals are compensated so that the crystal assembly has both reduced temperature and wavelength dependencies of the polarization rotation angle over broad temperature and wavelength ranges.

Abstract: An optical assembly maintains 90° polarization rotation. In one aspect, an optical assembly includes a polarization beam splitter a rotational element and a path exchange mirror. The temperature, wavelength and manufacturing dependencies of polarization rotation of this optical assembly are minimal to nonexistent compared to conventional Faraday rotation assemblies as the optical fiber accepts only the desired rotation. As such these optical assemblies have no temperature and wavelength dependencies of the polarization rotation angle over broad temperature and wavelength ranges with minimal additional losses.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state universal lamp using a ballast compatible and AC-mains operable (BA) LED driving circuit with a power factor correction (PFC) and control device operates normally for a regulated power and current from either ballast or AC mains. The BA LED driving circuit is configured to operate in a wide range of input voltages and frequencies, especially for various high voltages and high frequencies associated with various ballasts. With a cycle-by-cycle current control and power switching at a constant on-time and varied off-time, an over-rated surge current is limited, preventing occasional fire hazards occurred in the ballast.

Abstract: A wireless fiber optic endface inspector includes a video microscope capable of wirelessly transmitting video streaming signal of endface image in real-time to a display device. The video microscope includes a microscope optical system, an adapting tip for interfacing an endface, an LED light source, a camera module for receiving and converting the endface image into video streaming signal, a Wi-Fi AP board, and a battery for supplying power. The video microscope may be constructed by adding a Wi-Fi AP board and a battery to a conventional inspector microscope. The display device has software for detecting when the endface is focused. Once the endface is focused, the display device emits an audio signal to alert the operator, who may then trigger the display device to analyze the endface image using an endface analysis software or save it to a folder, or transmit the image to a remote server.

Abstract: An LED lighting device with a replaceable driver-control module interface is described. The LED lighting device may include a driver-less LED lighting device, a driver-control module with driver function, and a housing interface on the driver-less LED lighting device to house and connect the driver-control module. The driver-less LED lighting device receives AC from an external AC source and passes the AC to the driver-control module. The driver-control module receives AC from the driver-less LED lighting device and provides DC to the driver-less lighting device to drive LED diodes in the driver-less LED lighting device. The housing interface on the lighting device houses the driver-control module such that, when the driver-control module is fastened to the driver-less lighting device through the housing interface, the driver-control becomes an integral part of the lighting device.

Abstract: The MT ferrule adapter for adapting an MT ferrule assembly into an MPO connector-type structure for endface inspection includes an upper jaw and a lower jaw rotatable relative to each other between an open position and a closed position. In the open position, the MT ferrule of the MT ferrule assembly can pass through the rear end of the MT ferrule adapter to be received in upper recesses of the lower jaw. In the closed position, the MT ferrule is fixedly held between lower recesses of the upper jaw and the upper recesses of the lower jaw with the front surface of the MT ferrule protruding out in front of the MT ferrule adapter. The MT ferrule adapter in the closed position has the same outer contour as MPO connectors so that the MT ferrule held in the MT ferrule adapter may be inspected by conventional MPO connector inspectors.

Abstract: A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state universal lamp using an all-in-one LED driving circuit with a power factor correction (PFC) and control device operates normally for a regulated power and current from either electronic ballast or AC mains. The all-in-one LED driving circuit is configured to operate in a wide range of input voltages and frequencies, especially for various high voltages and high frequencies associated with various electronic ballasts. With a cycle-by-cycle current control and power switching at a constant on-time and varied off-time, an over-rated surge current is limited, preventing occasional fire hazards occurred in the ballast. When two shock protection switches are used in two lamp bases in the lamp, the universal lamp fully protects a person from possible electric shock during initial installation and re-lamping.

Abstract: A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state universal lamp using a frequency sensing and control mechanism operates normally with both an electronic ballast and the AC mains. The frequency sensing and control mechanism automatically detects voltage types associated with output voltages from the ballast and the AC mains in a single-ended or a double-ended lamp fixture and makes proper management so that the universal lamp works for either case and in either fixture without operational uncertainty. When two shock protection switches are used in two lamp bases, the universal lamp fully protects a person from possible electric shock during initial installation and re-lamping.

Abstract: A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp using an AC current control scheme and shock protection switches operates normally with an electronic ballast. Due to the use of shock protection switches in the two lamp bases at two opposite ends, the ballast-compatible LED lamp fully protects a person from possible electric shock during initial installation, maintenance, and re-lamping no matter what the rated power and the brand of the LLT lamp are and no matter whether the electronic ballast is existing used ones that may be incompatible with the lamp or faulty, leading to an unacceptable leakage current.

Abstract: Embodiments of an optical assembly for use in polarization rotation applications are disclosed. In one aspect, an optical assembly includes a polarization beam splitter a rotational element and a path exchange mirror. The temperature, wavelength and manufacturing dependencies of polarization rotation of this optical assembly are minimal to nonexistent compared to conventional Faraday rotation assemblies as the optical fiber accepts only the desired rotation. As such these optical assemblies have no temperature and wavelength dependencies of the polarization rotation angle over broad temperature and wavelength ranges with minimal additional losses. In another aspect, the polarization dependence of reflection from the path exchange mirror is managed so as to minimize the polarization effect associated with oblique incidence.

Abstract: Embodiments of an end-cap for an LED tube are described. In one aspect, an end-cap for an LED tube may include an end-cap housing, at least one elastic component, and a connecting assembly. The end-cap housing may include at least one power pin thereon and configured to connect to an external power source. The elastic component may reside inside the end-cap housing. The end-cap housing may connect to a first end of the connecting assembly via an extendable connection and a second end of the connecting assembly opposite to the first end thereof connects to a body of the LED tube through at least one power connector. The power connector may connect to the at least one power pin when the elastic component is pressed. The power connector may remain separate from the at least one power pin when the elastic component is not pressed.

Abstract: Embodiments of an end-cap with retractable and rotatable pin for an LED tube are described. In one aspect, an end-cap for an LED tube may include an end-cap housing, an end-cap base assembly, a power-pin assembly, and at least one elastic component. The power-pin assembly may include at least one power pin thereon and configured to connect to an external power source. The power-pin assembly may protrude out of a center opening of the end-cap housing. The end-cap base assembly may have at least one power connector one end of which is connected to the body of the LED tube to receive electric power. The at least one elastic components may reside inside the end-cap housing and is placed between the power-pin assembly and the end-cap base assembly. The power connector may connect to the at least one power pin when the at least one elastic component is pressed.