Abstract: A system may include an optical source and an adjustable spatial light modulator coupled to the optical source. The system may further include a medium coupled to the adjustable spatial light modulator, and an optical detector coupled to the medium. The optical detector may obtain various optical signals that are transmitted through the medium at various predetermined spatial light modulations using the adjustable spatial light modulator. The system may further include a controller coupled to the optical detector and the adjustable spatial light modulator. The controller may train an electronic model using various synthetic gradients based on the optical signals.

Abstract: A training node may include a first processor coupled to a first memory, and a second processor coupled to a second memory. The training node may further include a synthetic gradient processing unit (SGPU) coupled to a third memory, the first processor and the second processor. A portion of an electronic model may be disposed in the first memory, the second memory, and the third memory. The SGPU may generate a synthetic gradient signal based on an error data signal from the first processor and the portion of the electronic model. The synthetic gradient signal may update the electronic model during a training operation for the electronic model.

Abstract: A system may include an optical source and an adjustable spatial light modulator coupled to the optical source. The system may further include a medium coupled to the adjustable spatial light modulator. The system may further include a beam splitter coupled to the optical source and the adjustable spatial light modulator. The beam splitter may generate a first optical signal and a second optical signal using the optical source. The system may further include an optical detector coupled to the beam splitter and the medium. The optical detector may obtain a combined optical signal including a resulting optical signal and the second optical signal. The resulting optical signal may be produced by transmitting the first optical signal through the medium at a predetermined spatial light modulation using the adjustable spatial light modulator.

Abstract: A system may include an optical source and an adjustable spatial light modulator coupled to the optical source. The system may further include a medium coupled to the adjustable spatial light modulator, and an optical detector coupled to the medium. The optical detector may obtain various optical signals that are transmitted through the medium at various predetermined spatial light modulations using the adjustable spatial light modulator. The system may further include a controller coupled to the optical detector and the adjustable spatial light modulator. The controller may train an electronic model using various synthetic gradients based on the optical signals.

Abstract: A system may include an optical source and an adjustable spatial light modulator coupled to the optical source. The system may further include a medium coupled to the adjustable spatial light modulator. The system may further include a beam splitter coupled to the optical source and the adjustable spatial light modulator. The beam splitter may generate a first optical signal and a second optical signal using the optical source. The system may further include an optical detector coupled to the beam splitter and the medium. The optical detector may obtain a combined optical signal including a resulting optical signal and the second optical signal. The resulting optical signal may be produced by transmitting the first optical signal through the medium at a predetermined spatial light modulation using the adjustable spatial light modulator.