Abstract: A thermal applicator for medical use which is worn upon or applied directly to the body of a patient to modify its temperature for therapeutic treatment. The preferred embodiment of the present invention contemplates the utilization of a heat pipe having first and second ends and a length, the first and second ends communicating with first and second thermally conductive plates, respectively, the first thermally conductive plate configured to communicate with an exterior portion of the body of the patient and to provide localized thermal treatment, the second thermally conductive plate placed at an area removed from the area to be treated, and configured to accept, for example, an ice pack (or other thermal material or apparatus) to affect a change in the temperature of the second thermally conductive plate, cooling the second end of the heat pipe and allowing the heat pipe to cool the first thermally conductive plate, thereby providing localized cooling of the area to which it is applied.

Abstract: A method of producing sugar through the recycling of a carbonation scum produced after a first carbonation of a sugar juice treated with a lime milk comprises separating the scum after the first carbonation. The scum-free sugar juice is then filtered for producing sugar. An amount of the separated scum is diluted with water. After diluting, the pH of the diluted scum is adjusted, and a thick portion of the amount of the scum is separated and activated. The activated thick portion of the scum is then recycled for introduction with a sugar juice.