Abstract: In a hammer mill (1) for shredding scrap metal, comprising a hammer rotor (5) carrying swing-mounted hammers (12) and arranged to rotate in a housing (2) having an inlet opening (14) for material located on the upwardly-rotating side of the rotor, a screening grid (33) and an impact chute (26) open to the hammer rotor, the risk of breakdown of the hammer mill is reduced without impairing its shredding performance by forming the wall of the impact chute (26) on the side opposite to the inlet opening (14), together with a screening grid (33) extending to the bottom (32) of the housing, as a resiliently yielding outlet wall (28) that can automatically swing outwards.

Abstract: The operation of an apparatus for separating non-magnetizable metals, in particular non-ferrous metals, from a solid mixture by means of an alternating magnetic field is improved and the construction of the apparatus simplified by arranging the magnetic field generator adjacent to a straight, curved or bent slideway of a material of poor electrical conductivity.

Abstract: A trough-like vibrating conveyor is used to sort and separate two differently shaped components in a mixture of materials of value. The mixture is separated into generally cylindrically shaped parts, such as hollow parts, and generally flat-shaped parts. The conveyor includes at least two unbalanced motors each arranged on an opposite side of the conveyor extending in the conveying direction. Further, the motors are offset relative to one another in the conveying direction. The vibrating conveyor affords a simple operation for separating the differently shaped components of the mixture as the mixture moves between the inlet and outlet ends of the conveyor and particularly for separating any glass particles. The conveyor requires little in the way of technical or personnel expenditure.

Abstract: In separating a mixture of solid material particles including non-magnetic electrically conductive metals into a light fraction and a heavy fraction, where the light fraction includes the non-magnetic particles, the mixture is directed into an upwardly extending airflow passageway from an inlet channel extending laterally from the passageway. The inlet channel is spaced between the inlet and outlet ends of the passageway. An alternating magnetic field is provided adjacent the entrance of the mixture into the airflow passageway for accelerating the particles in the desired direction. The mixture is fed through the inlet channel into the airflow passageway in layer form, preferably as a single layer. A main flow of air passes upwardly through the airflow passageway from the lower inlet end and develops a highly turbulent vortex-like airflow. The airflow, in combination with the magnetic field, effects separation of the light and heavy fractions of the material.

Abstract: In a cutter for small- and large-sized scrap material, first knives are located at one end of a feed trough cutting the scrap material pushed through the trough toward the first knives. A cover at least partially covers the feed trough. A side wall of the feed trough forms a pressure ram displaceable transversely across the feed trough. Cooperating second knives extend along the cover and the pressure ram and are arranged to cut the large sized scrap material so that it fits in the feed trough. One of the second knives can be positioned obliquely of the other for performing a progressive cutting of the scrap material.

Abstract: For the rapid replacement of an outlet grate in a crushing machine and for adapting the crushing operation to different types of materials, an outlet grate is located within the crushing machine housing extending generally horizontally between a pair of opposite walls. An opening is provided in at least one of the opposite walls in the region of the grate and the grate can be removed in whole or in part through the opening.

Abstract: In separating a mixture of solid material particles including non-magnetic electrically conductive metals into a light fraction and a heavy fraction, where the light fraction includes the non-magnetic particles, the mixture is directed into an upwardly extending airflow passageway from an inlet channel extending laterally from the passageway. The inlet channel is spaced between the inlet and outlet ends of the passageway. An alternating magnetic field is provided adjacent the entrance of the mixture into the airflow passageway for accelerating the particles in the desired direction. The mixture is fed through the inlet channel into the airflow passageway in layer form, preferably as a single layer. A main flow of air passes upwardly through the airflow passageway from the lower inlet end and develops a highly turbulent vortex-like airflow. The airflow, in combination with the magnetic field, effects separation of the light and heavy fractions of the material.

Abstract: A refuse packaging assembly of the kind comprising a refuse press having a pressing plunger which is axially movable in a pressing box, and a container which is adapted to be connected to the outlet end of the pressing box in order to be filled with refuse by the plunger, the container having a closure plug which is uncoupled from the container and coupled to the plunger for movement therewith when the container is connected to the press. The container carries at least one spring loaded pin which is biased into a coupling aperture in the closure plug to couple the two together, and the plunger carries at least one weaker spring loaded pin which aligns with the coupling aperture when the container is moved into position for connection to the press and the plunger is moved to a coupling position.

Abstract: A shearing machine for cutting up material of any kind comprises a shearing blade carrier which is vertically slidable in a closed frame, being moved by a cylinder-piston assembly fixed in a crosshead of the frame. In order to simplify assembly and dismantling of the cylinder, the cylinder which is fixed in the crosshead, is supported against reaction forces from the blade carrier towards the crosshead by a divided ring on the side of the crosshead facing towards the blade carrier, the divided ring, engaging in a circumferential recess in the outside of the cylinder surface and also partly into an opening in the side of the crosshead facing towards the blade carrier and the cylinder is also fixed, on the side of the crosshead remote from the blade carrier by a second ring which bears against the crosshead with a prestress so that the cylinder is held under tension in the crosshead between the two rings.

Abstract: A paper disintegrator comprising a rotor to be fed from above with material to be disintegrated and having a horizontal axis, and an outlet grating disposed beneath the rotor is to be improved in such a way that it can disintegrate material of varying types to a predetermined degree of fineness on each occasion with the most favorable possible efficiency and, with the rotor running, can also be rapidly adapted to changing requirements. The discharge grating consists of two halves, which substantially surround the lower rotor half and which can be pivoted laterally outwards within the casing about grating axes extending horizontally approximately at the level of the rotor axis.

Abstract: In a hammer breaker for breaking and crushing scrap material, in which a hammer rotor having a plurality of hammers pivotally mounted thereon is rotatably mounted in a housing having an inlet for the material to be broken and crushed, a passage for receiving the broken and crushed material from the hammer rotor, and an outlet from the passage covered by a classifying grate, the passage is divided by a perforated baffle into a pair of chambers arranged in series in the direction of rotation of the rotor. The first chamber is provided with the classifying grate outlet, and the second chamber leads back to the material inlet so that air is able to circulate around the rotor via the perforated baffle and the second chamber, thus reducing the throughput of air of the machine and correspondingly reducing the size of the dust extractor which is needed.

Abstract: In an apparatus for binding bales, in which a band of wire is supplied from two storage rolls, one roll supplying an upper wire and the other roll supplying a lower wire, and which includes a cutting device for cutting through the twisted wires between two twists by which the wires are connected to each, in order to assure with reliability that the twist which completes the binding does not project beyond the rear edge of the bale as viewed in the pressing direction, the distance between a lower wire guide roller and the limiting forward pressing position of a pressing plunger of a baling press in which the apparatus is incorporated is made equal to the distance between the lower guide roller and the cutting device. Also, at least one wire catching finger acts transversely upon the wires which are held taut by a binding needle of the press and between the guide rollers, in order to bring together the portions of the wires which are twisted together by a twisting device.

Abstract: A method of loading bales of refuse from a horizontally acting baling press on to a transport vehicle without the use of a separate loading machine such as a fork-lift truck comprises aligning the transport vehicle with a discharge from the press; moving each bale as it is discharged from the press on to a transverse table; moving some of the bales laterally so that the bales are formed into two or more rows side by side aligned with the transport vehicle and moving the two rows of bales progressively forwards as successive bales are discharged from the press so that the rows are moved from the transverse table on to the vehicle and the rows are built up on the vehicle until the vehicle is fully loaded.

Abstract: A method of loading bales of refuse from a horizontally acting baling press on to a transport vehicle without the use of a separate loading machine such as a fork-lift truck comprises aligning the transport vehicle with a discharge from the press; moving each bale as it is discharged from the press on to a transverse table; moving some of the bales laterally so that the bales are formed into two or more rows side by side aligned with the transport vehicle and moving the two rows of bales progressively forward as successive bales are discharged from the press so that the rows are moved from the transverse table on to the vehicle and the rows are built up on the vehicle until the vehicle is fully loaded.

Abstract: A scrap shearing machine of the kind comprising an upper knife support which has an upper knife fixed to it and is vertically movable in a frame, a stationary lower knife and optionally also a vertically movable tamper, which is mounted immediately upstream of the cutting plane of the shearing machine, is provided with a bending plunger which acts on the scrap downstream of the cutting plane of the shearing machine. The bending plunger is movable in the frame in advance of the upper knife so that it comes into contact with the scrap before the upper knife comes into contact with the scrap. Preferably the bending plunger is fixed to an underface of the upper knife support and is inclined across the machine substantially parallel to the cutting edge of the upper knife.

Abstract: A comminuting machine includes a rotor which is rotatably journalled about an axis in a housing having at least two parts which are connected by a hinge, with the axis of hinge being parallel to the rotor axis. Each journal bearing of the rotor includes a bearing casing which is arranged to be connected to either one or the other part of the two part housing, so that, during maintenance of the machine the two parts of the housing are swung apart and the rotor with the bearing casing is connected to either one or the other part. In this way access is allowed to either of the parts of the housing and to the rotor for maintenance of the machine.

Abstract: A scrap shearing machine comprises a pair of relatively movable shearing blades arranged in a shear frame 1, a crusher 6 positioned upstream of the shearing blades 3, 5, a filling trough 8 arranged upstream of the cutter frame 1, a feed device to feed scrap along the trough 8 towards the crusher, press bar 11, 19 for precompacting the scrap in the trough 8 to a predetermined size to enable the crusher 8 and shearing blades 3, 8 to accommodate it. The shearing blades 3, 5 the crusher 8 and the press bar 11, 19 are located in a common plane X--X. The filling trough 8 is connected to the shear frame 1 by a force transferring connection, so that the shear frame 1 reinforces the filling trough 8.

Abstract: A refuse bunker of the kind having a horizontal open-topped pressing box disposed beneath a filling hopper and a pressing plunger which is movable longitudinally in the pressing box to feed refuse through an outlet opening of the bunker and, in use, into a container, is provided with a closure which is situated on the outlet side of the outlet opening. The closure includes three passage openings for the passage of refuse from the outlet opening, the passage openings being disposed in two spaced-apart vertical planes. One passage opening, which is in a plane furthest from the outlet opening, is in a stationary member and is aligned with the outlet opening and the other two of the passage openings are vertically movable, are spaced apart one above the other, are of different heights from each other and are situated in a plane between the plane of the stationary opening and the plane of the outlet opening.

Abstract: A hammer mill assembly for comminuting scrap material is formed with a housing having a material inlet and a material outlet and a rotor mounted for rotation within the housing including hammer means arranged peripherally of the rotor to effect comminuting action upon rotation of the rotor. A reverberation chamber is defined to extend radially outwardly from the rotor with comminuted scrap material entering the inlet being thrust by the rotor into the reverberating chamber wherein the material is deflected by the walls of the chamber and then directed toward the material outlet, which is covered with a classifying grate. The reverberating chamber has a generally box-like configuration opening radially inwardly toward the rotor with the opening of the reverberating chamber extending substantially from the inlet to the outlet of the housing.

Abstract: A baling press of the kind comprising a pressing channel containing a reciprocating pressing plunger has a bale binding device which binds the bales with bands each consisting of two separate lengths of wire from different rolls twisted together. The binding device includes a twisting mechanism for twisting the wires together and this twisting device comprises a disc which is rotatable about an axis situated in the plane of the binding and this disc has a single finger which projects outwards from the axis of rotation of the disc and is forwardly curved in the direction of rotation of the disc in order to seize the two wires and twist them together. The inner edge of the finger leads into a slit which extends through the disc up to the center of rotation of the disc and this slit tapers in a region adjacent the center of rotation of the disc to a width which only just exceeds the thickness of one wire.