Abstract: Electrode arrays have a plurality of electrodes. These arrays may have any combination of the following improvements. The arrays may have features that enable easier electrical connections and reduced bending stiffness by having a stop region and a torsion relief region, respectively. The arrays may have a shielding feature that may reduce electrical interference. The arrays may come in pairs that are designed to simplify measurements of electric signals of bilateral organs and tissues, such as eyes and ears.

Abstract: A device providing an indication of eye disease in a patient comprises a light emitter; an optical assembly arranged so that light emitted from the light emitter reaches an eye of the patient; a camera arranged to image the eye of the patient; and a controller. The controller measures the eye's pupil area using images received from the camera and adjusts the luminance of the light emitted from the light emitter as a non-constant function of the eye's pupil area so as to create a plurality of stimulus intervals. At least two of the stimulus intervals differ in their average retinal illuminance. The controller analyzes the pupil measurements and/or an electrical response in at least two of the stimulus intervals to provide an indication of eye disease based. In some embodiments, the patient's age is also used in the analysis. Methods of using said device are also contemplated.

Abstract: Electrode arrays have a plurality of electrodes. These arrays may have any combination of the following improvements. The arrays may have features that enable easier electrical connections and reduced bending stiffness by having a stop region and a torsion relief region, respectively. The arrays may have a shielding feature that may reduce electrical interference. The arrays may come in pairs that are designed to simplify measurements of electric signals of bilateral organs and tissues, such as eyes and ears.

Abstract: To assess visual system function, a device monitors electrical response to a visual stimulus. Stimulus generation includes controlling the timing of component flashes comprising the visual stimulus and modulating the timing between the visual stimulus and other device operations, including image acquisition and infrared flashes. Other stimulus generation includes controlling retinal illumination for sinusoidal, triangular, and square stimuli as well as nonlinear adjustments of stimulus luminance as a function of pupil area. Ease of use improvements includes operation with electrode arrays. Error condition monitoring includes determining the presence of: an eye's pupil; impedance between electrodes that monitor the electrical response; and undesirable levels of external light.

Abstract: To assess visual system function, a device monitors electrical response to a visual stimulus. Stimulus generation includes controlling the timing of component flashes comprising the visual stimulus and modulating the timing between the visual stimulus and other device operations, including image acquisition and infrared flashes. Other stimulus generation includes controlling retinal illumination for sinusoidal, triangular, and square stimuli as well as nonlinear adjustments of stimulus luminance as a function of pupil area. Ease of use improvements includes operation with electrode arrays. Error condition monitoring includes determining the presence of: an eye's pupil; impedance between electrodes that monitor the electrical response; and undesirable levels of external light.

Abstract: A device to carry out tests of the macula of a subject's eye to identify disease such as age related macular degeneration. The device includes a stimulus light source comprising a stimulus spheroidal chamber with a stimulus light located therein to emit light through an aperture in the stimulus spheroidal chamber into the eye of a subject. The stimulus light source may include a plurality of light emitting diodes of differing colors. A controller controls the intensity and the color of the light emitted through the aperture of the stimulus spheroidal chamber to the subject. There is also an adapting light source comprising a light contained within an adapting spheroidal chamber. The adapting light source provides a bright light that can be used to remove the subject's dark adaption. There is also an alignment detection system that verifies that the gaze of the subject is toward the stimulus light source.

Abstract: An opaque plate is positioned in front of a patient undergoing color vision testing. A number of openings are formed in the plate. Behind each disk is a hollow sphere having colored light sources mounted therein. By selectively energizing the colored light sources in a sphere, a mixture of light is presented at the corresponding transparent disk at a selected intensity. A tester can select one or more spheres to be internally illuminated by color light sources so that the patient is presented with a pattern of selectable color mixtures which checks his color vision.

Abstract: To provide for an easy and accurate color vision tester, a plurality of yellow, red and green lights are mounted, or projected, onto a display, with the yellow lights providing for the background luminance while the red and green lights providing for a mixture of red and green luminance. Different patterns on the display are formed by a combination of the red and green lights. A particular pattern can be selected from among the various patterns by a pattern select circuit. The intensity of the red to green lights can be inversely varied so that different ratios of intensity for the selected pattern may be presented to an observer. Each of these ratios corresponds to a certain type of color vision. Therefore, by determining whether an observer is able to discern the pattern from the background in a particular intensity setting, the type of color vision an observer has can easily be ascertained.