Abstract: A fuel injection pump for supplying fuel to internal combustion engines includes a pump plunger slidable within a bore in a pump body. The plunger is actuated by a rocker mechanism directly by the associated engine and in order to adjust the mechanism the plunger must be set at a known position. This is determined by a spring loaded pin contained within a housing, the pin can be depressed to engage with the side wall of a groove in the plunger to set the plunger at the predetermined position.

Abstract: A mechanical brake actuator for a shoe drum brake including a pair of brake shoes carried by a back plate wherein one pair of adjacent ends of the shoes engage an abutment fixed relative to the back plate, comprises an assembly including a pair of pivotally interconnected parts for co-action respectively with the brake shoes, one part being a force-applying lever engaging one shoe and the other part engaging the other shoe and extending therefrom to the lever to form a pivot member pivotally interconnecting the lever and strut, a pair of rollers on the pivot member, an opening in the abutment, and a pair of spaced surfaces on the abutment on opposite sides of the opening, the rollers being in rolling engagement with the spaced surfaces, and the lever and strut being movably disposed in the opening so that force applied the lever in one direction to pivot the lever about the pivot member urges the one shoe into engagement with the drum and urges the strut to displace the other shoe into engagement with the dru

Abstract: A knock detection system for an internal combustion engine comprises an input for receiving a signal from a vibration-sensing transducer, an amplifier to which the input is connected and a rectifying and integrating device connected to the output of the amplifier, the amplifier comprising a variable gain amplifier and feedback device being provided for controlling the gain of the variable gain amplifier in dependence upon variations in the output level of the rectifying and integrating device. The gain control which is exercised tends to maintain the integrator output level within an optimum band so as to overcome problems due to input offset voltage errors.

Abstract: A master cylinder assembly wherein pressure cylinders are formed in a body and interconnected by a transfer passage through which fluid flow is controlled by valve elements. The valve elements are operated in response to actuating pressure in the cylinders and are opened by this pressure to interconnect the cylinders when the latter are pressurized simultaneously. When only one cylinder is pressurized, the valve elements associated with other cylinders remain closed to prevent fluid flow through the transfer passage. The valve elements have stems which control expulsion of fluid from the cylinders through outlets.

Abstract: A pressure cylinder has a piston actuated by a force-input rod. An enlarged head of the rod is engaged by a washer and the assembly retained within the cylinder by a cup-shaped retainer press-fitted into the cylinder open end. An outer surface of the retainer is flush with the adjacent axially outermost surface of the cylinder and engages a support, to which the cylinder is fixed, in order to transmit to the support retraction forces sustained by the rod.

Abstract: A braking member for a brake of the liquid cooled type is provided on at least one side with an annular reservoir for cooling liquid, and passages are arranged to control the release of liquid from the reservoir to braking surfaces in response to centrifugal force.

Abstract: A hydraulic anti-lock braking system incorporates a pump for generating the energy necessary to re-apply a brake automatically after pressure applied to the brake from a master cylinder has first been released to prevent the wheel controlled by that brake from locking. The pump is adapted to pump fluid back both to the brake and to the master cylinder. Pumping the fluid back to the brake achieves a satisfactory pedal feel, and pumping fluid back to the master cylinder ensures the use of a fail-safe re-application of brake pressure.

Abstract: A knock detection system for an internal combustion engine comprises an input for receiving a signal from a vibration sensing transducer and two bandpass filters and connected to the input. A first bandpass filter passes a band of frequencies containing the characteristic knock frequency, so that it passes the knock-representing component together with noise. The second bandpass filter passes an adjacent band of frequencies having substantially no knock component content but a noise component corresponding to that passed by the first filter. The outputs of the two bandpass filters are referenced to each other (e.g. by rectifying their outputs on opposite polarities and summing) to cancel out the noise and provide a signal which represents the knock component included in the output from the vibration-sensing transducer.

Abstract: A steel component is provided with a black wear and corrosion resistant finish by the steps of forming an epsilon iron nitride or carbonitride layer, bringing the component to gas oxidation temperature and oxidizing by a gaseous medium to form a dense black coating, and carrying out a surface finish treatment.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump includes a plunger reciprocable by an engine driven cam in a bore from which extends an outlet connected in use to a fuel injection nozzle. A spill valve is utilized to control the fuel flow to the nozzle by diverting fuel from the outlet to a low pressure source. In order to prolong the valve closure period a cylinder is provided in which is located a spring loaded piston. When the valve is closed a predetermined volume of fuel is passed to the cylinder to achieve displacement of the piston after which delivery of fuel takes place through the nozzle. The period of closure of the valve in order to achieve delivery of a specific volume of fuel through the nozzle is therefore extended.

Abstract: Input pulses are applied to toggle a first bistable whose output provide clock signals to a monostable timer whose period is set to the duration of one cycle of the input pulse a a critical frequency. A second bistable enables a third bistable and a counter only if an edge of a pulse from the timer occurs in an interval of the clock signals from the bistable. Thereafter the counter is clocked by pulses which are derived from the clock signals of the first bistable by the third bistable. The counter provides an indication after a predetermined number of the input pulses which have reached the critical frequency. An output signal derived from the indication may be maintained by a fourth bistable.

Abstract: An anti-lock modulator unit is mounted adjacent to a front wheel fork of a motor cycle by a mounting plate which is secured to the axle. A drive pinion for the unit may be driven either directly, or through a belt drive, from a pinion which, in turn, is driven from the hub of the wheel, with the pinions located within a sealing recess between the plate and the casing.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus for supplying fuel to an engine includes a high pressure pump which receives fuel from a low pressure pump by way of an angularly adjustable throttle member. The throttle member is connected to the armature of an electromagnetic actuator by means of a connecting rod. A transducer is provided which includes a core carried by the connecting rod intermediate the ends thereof and a pair of springs act to oppose the movement of the rod and throttle member by the actuator.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine comprises a rotary distributor member mounting a pumping plunger slidable in a bore and moved inwardly to discharge fuel from the bore by cam lobes on the internal surface of a cam ring, the cam lobes acting on the plunger through a cam follower. A valve is provided which at a predetermined position during the inward movement of the plunger, is opened to lower the pressure in the bore and thereby to terminate fuel flow through an outlet. The valve is actuated by the cam lobes either from the cam follower or from the plunger.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus comprises a body housing a high pressure fuel pump to which fuel is supplied by an angularly adjustable throttle member from a low pressure pump. The throttle member mounts an arm and a hollow housing is provided which is secured to the body. A support carries an electromagnetic actuator the armature of which is connected at one end to a connecting rod the other end of which is connected to the arm. A transducer is mounted about and movable with the connecting rod. A clamp adjustably clamps the support within the housing and the clamp can be released to enable for a given axial setting of the connecting rod, the output of the apparatus to be adjusted.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine includes a valve member which at one end is of reduced diameter and mounts a spring abutment and at its other end is engageable with a seating to prevent flow of fuel from an inlet to an outlet. The valve member is slidable in a sleeve which is also slidable in a nozzle body secured to a holder. A spring is located in a chamber in the holder and the reduced diameter portion of the valve member extends into the chamber. A tubular push piece surrounds the reduced diameter portion to transmit the force developed on the sleeve by the fuel pressure, to the spring abutment. The movement of the sleeve is limited by the engagement of a flange on the push piece with the end face of the holder and the movement of the valve member is limited by the engagement of a step defined on the valve member with the end of the push piece.

Abstract: A hydraulic device includes a piston slidable within a cylinder. Fluid under pressure is admitted to one end of the cylinder through an inlet which contains a restrictor. The piston is formed with an orifice and is biased by a first spring towards the one end of the cylinder. A thrust rod is engageable by the piston to transmit the movement of the piston to an external mechanism. When the piston is moved by rising fluid pressure the orifice is closed by the end of the thrust rod so that a higher value of fluid pressure is required to effect the initial movement of the piston than is required to allow the return movement of the piston.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus includes a high pressure pump and a low pressure pump contained in a housing and driven by a drive shaft which is coupled to a rotary part of an internal combustion engine. The low pressure pump is a vane pump having a rotor in which is formed a plurality of outwardly extending slots which accommodate outwardly spring loaded vanes. The edges of the vanes engage an eccentrically disposed surface formed on a stator. The pump has end plates and inlet and outlet ports communicating with the space defined between said surface and the outer surface of the rotor. The outer edges of each vane are formed with grooves which extend along the edges and the grooves communicate by way of passages with the inner ends of the respective slots.

Abstract: An electromagnetically operable valve comprises a valve member slidable in a bore in which there is a seating. The valve member is moved to the closed position by a solenoid having an armature. A tubular coupling member is secured to the armature and is connected to the valve member through an overtravel spring housed within the coupling member. The coupling member has a flange for engagement with a stop surface to limit the movement of the armature after the valve member has contacted the seating. A return spring is also housed within the coupling member.

Abstract: A rotary to linear converter has a rotary input shaft and a linearly movable output element. A torque limiter arrests rotation of the shaft at a critical value of torque thereon. A friction device increase the torque on the shaft if a predetermined axial force on the output element is exceeded, this torque increase being sufficient to operate the limiter. The arrangement renders operation of the torque limiter directly responsive to axial force on the output element.