Abstract: A method for objective speech quality assessment that accounts for phonetic contents, speaking styles or individual speaker differences by distorting speech signals under speech quality assessment. By using a distorted version of a speech signal, it is possible to compensate for different phonetic contents, different individual speakers and different speaking styles when assessing speech quality. The amount of degradation in the objective speech quality assessment by distorting the speech signal is maintained similarly for different speech signals, especially when the amount of distortion of the distorted version of speech signal is severe. Objective speech quality assessment for the distorted speech signal and the original undistorted speech signal are compared to obtain a speech quality assessment compensated for utterance dependent articulation.

Abstract: Apparatus including a chip substrate having a first chip surface facing away from a second chip surface; an array of microelectronic elements on the first chip surface; and an array of conductors each in communication with one of the microelectronic elements, the conductors passing through the chip substrate and fully spanning a distance between the first and second chip surfaces.

Abstract: A method of nonlinear polarimetry for measuring higher order moments of the E field of an optical signal is provided. The method includes imposing a phase delay on a first polarization of a received optical signal with respect to a second polarization of the optical signal to produce an intermediate optical signal having a time varying polarization. A polarization of the intermediate optical signal is suppressed. The intermediate optical signal is detected with a plurality of photodetectors, with at least one photodetector configured to be responsive to a nonlinear optical process. Spectra of the photodetector outputs are calculated to determine higher order moments of the E field, and the moments are transformed to obtain the polarization measurement.

Abstract: In the method, information from a user is transmitted over one or more communication channels of a wireless communication system by code multiplexing transmissions in the code domain. The method may include code multiplexing a first information from the user over a first channel with a second information from the user over a second channel, and determining a transmission format for the first and second channels. The transmission format may be determined based on one or more of available transmit power, transmission time interval, a coding dimension used for multiplexing, and transmit power used per code. The first information and second information are transmitted over the respective channels based on the determined transmission format.

Abstract: Disclosed is an objective speech quality assessment technique that reflects the impact of distortions which can dominate overall speech quality assessment by modeling the impact of such distortions on subjective speech quality assessment, thereby, accounting for language effects in objective speech quality assessment.

Abstract: A method for managing a communications network comprising a plurality of nodes by representing the network as a plurality of areas comprising respective portions of the plurality of nodes, each of the areas coupled to at least one other area via a bridge comprising at least one communications link the representations used to provide imagery for a graphical user interface (GUI).

Abstract: Optical frequency conversion by four-wave mixing in a fiber is considered. If the frequencies and polarizations of the waves are chosen judiciously, four-wave mixing enables the translation of individual and entangled states, without the noise pollution associated with parametric amplification (modulation instability or phase conjugation) and with reduced noise from stimulated Raman scattering.

Abstract: The present invention provides hierarchical structures of queues and schedulers for switches and routers with, preferably fully-connected, mesh fabrics, for efficiently and properly handling the quality or service requirements of multiple network services, such as ATM and IP, in switch or router. The switches of this invention provide, for example, fair allocation of bandwidths to different network services, to different QoS classes within network services, and to different resources within the switch by use of, preferably, weighted, fair scheduling methods. The switches and routers of this invention are particularly directed to multi-protocol, high-throughput communication application, but may have wide applicability in systems generally where data packets are switched or routed.

Abstract: Methods and systems are presented for identifying suspected virus affected mobile stations in a wireless network, in which short message origination requests from mobile stations are received and analyzed to determine whether a mobile station is suspected of being affected by a virus, and the mobile station is notified if a virus is suspected. Once suspected, further mobile originated short messages are blocked until a user reactivates short messaging by contacting a service provider. One or more algorithms may be used in analyzing the mobile originated short messages from a particular mobile, where the algorithms may be modified by the service provider and/or by the subscriber.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a liquid switch. The liquid switch comprises a substrate having a surface with first and second regions thereon and a fluid configured to contact both of the regions. The regions each comprise electrically connected fluid-support-structures, wherein each of the fluid-support-structures have at least one dimension of about 1 millimeter or less. The regions are electrically isolated from each other.

Abstract: A telecommunication system including a mobile station, and means for a mobile station to receive voice-over Internet Protocol (VoIP) calls when it is roaming away from a home network, comprising: means for informing a serving GGSN of the International Mobile subscriber Identity (IMSI) of the called mobile station, and means for enabling a local VoIP control server to map a called MSISDN number to the IMSI number.

Abstract: A planar lightwave circuit coupler including first and second waveguides with curved coupling portions having radii of curvature selected such that the coupler has a splitting ratio that is substantially wavelength and polarization insensitive.

Abstract: In the method, a packet call controller establishes a bearer path between the end point and the second network when a call transfer request associated with the mobile station is received from a network providing circuit switched communication. The call transfer request is triggered by a circuit voice call origination from the mobile station that includes an identifier that the packet call controller uses in recognizing that the call transfer request requests transfer of a packet switched call to a circuit switched call on the network.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a chamber, an electro-mechanical driver, a window, and a mechanical cantilever. The chamber has an interior in which the mechanical cantilever is located. The mechanical cantilever has a first end that is attached to the electro-mechanical driver and has second end that is free. The driver is configured to drive the mechanical cantilever to perform an oscillatory motion. The window is located along a wall of the chamber to enable external light to enter the chamber and illuminate a portion of the mechanical cantilever. The mechanical cantilever is configured to mechanically respond to being illuminated by the external light entering the chamber via the window.

Abstract: A low power or passive optical apparatus provides temperature control of dynamic thermooptic devices and temperature-sensitive optical devices formed on the same substrate. The optical apparatus includes a variable heat transfer device with a conductive heat transfer component (e.g., heat pipe) and a heat-conductive interface component (e.g., heat sink) to exchange thermal energy with an external environment. In one embodiment, the heat pipe has a variable resistance and the heat sink has a fixed thermal resistance. In a second embodiment, the heat pipe has a fixed resistance and the heat sink has a variable thermal resistance. In another embodiment both the heat pipe and heat sink have variable thermal resistance. In another embodiment, the optical apparatus further includes a thermoelectric cooler and the variable heat transfer device (e.g.

Abstract: A method and system for determining sequence parameters to limit cycle attack in time-line sequences associated with digital signature technologies is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of determining a pair of values associated with a modulus value for generating said sequence, wherein said values are non-equal prime numbers of a known size, selecting a root value of said sequence and selecting a third value for determining the order of said sequence. In one aspect of the invention, each of the pair of values used to determine the modulus is a safe prime number.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and an apparatus to enable desired wireless connectivity in a high frequency and/or high speed wireless local area network for providing mobile communications to a user of a wireless communication device which may be otherwise unable to connect to the high frequency and/or speed wireless local area network in response to a request for a wireless service. By using a chipset disposed in another wireless communication device, a neural network may be formed for enabling such wireless connectivity. In one embodiment, availability of wireless connectivity may be determined to a first user of a wireless service at a first wireless communication device to communicate with an access point associated with a Wi-Fi wireless network that offers the wireless service.

Abstract: Techniques for rescheduling one or more timing intervals associated with a channel of a communication system. Responsive to a detected change in a property of the channel, a rescheduling algorithm identifies a given one of the timing intervals, within a schedule for the channel, that violates a system requirement in view of the detected change. The algorithm determines if the interval can be rescheduled to accommodate the detected change and if so reschedules the interval. If the interval cannot be rescheduled to accommodate the detected change, the interval is removed from the schedule. The rescheduling process may be repeated for each of the intervals in the channel schedule. The intervals in an illustrative embodiment may include, for example, grants, polls, free intervals or initial-maintenance intervals (IMIs) of an upstream channel in a DOCSIS-compliant CATV system.

Abstract: A computer-based system generates alternative phonetic transcriptions for a target word or phrase corresponding to specific phonological processes that replace individual phonemes or clusters of two or more phonemes with replacement phonemes. The system compares a user's speech with a list of possible transcriptions that includes the base (i.e., correct) transcription of the test target as well as the different alternative transcriptions, to identify the transcription that best matches the user's. In a speech therapy application, the system identifies the phonological process(es), if any, associated with the user's speech and generates statistics over multiple test targets that can be used to diagnose the user's specific phonological disorders. The system can also be implemented in other contexts such as foreign language instruction and automated attendant applications to cover a wide variety and range of accents and/or phonological disorders.

Abstract: In the method of recognizing fraudulent emergency calls from a mobile station, a mobile station originating an emergency call is identified based on a mobile equipment identity received from the mobile station. A count of emergency calls received from the identified mobile station is generated and an incoming emergency call from the identified mobile station is determined as fraudulent based on the count.