Abstract: In a switch fabric environment, which includes a buffer, packet data of different class-types from different sources is received, stored in the buffer, processed and outputted to its intended destination. As the buffer fills up, transmission from some of the data sources is stopped to avoid dropping of packets. To avoid packet loss, when the occupancy of the buffer reaches a first threshold value, further transmission of a first-class type of data is precluded from the particular source of that data then being received, while transmission from other sources of that same first-class type of data is not precluded from these other data sources until first-class type of data from such other sources is also received. Further, data of a second-class type is not precluded from being transmitted as long as the amount of data stored in the buffer remains below a second threshold, which is greater than the first threshold.

Abstract: A multi-function device has a user interface with two buttons that are operated using a two-button protocol to generate function messages and instruction messages. Each function message identifies or describes one of the different functions of the device, while each instruction message corresponds to one of the instruction steps for one of the device functions. The user interface generates signals to control presentation of the function and instruction messages. The device also has a message processor that generates the function and instruction messages based on the signals from the user interface as well as a message rendering component to render the function and instruction messages. In one embodiment, the various function and instruction messages are audio messages and the message rendering component is a speaker, although other, non-visual messages could be used instead.

Abstract: A plurality of PR measurements are simultaneously made at N different spots on a wafer by forming N modulated pump beams and N tunable probe beams, and directing one pump beam and one probe beam so as to form overlapping images at each of the N spots. Each of a like plurality of N photodetectors receives a portion of the corresponding probe beam which is reflected from the surface of the wafer to provide information about the wafer characteristics at each spot. In one embodiment, automatic alignment of the probe and pump beams along a row of N spots is achieved by means of a semi-cylindrical scan head which has an axial cavity overlapping the row of N spots and a plurality of radial cavities organized into separate, but interleaved input and output groups. The cavities of two separate input groups receive optical fibers carrying the probe and pump beams to the row of N spots. The cavities of two separate output groups receive photodetectors for detecting the reflected beam and for monitoring the pump beam.

Abstract: A method to achieve good stepper focus and exposure over an entire wafer for a particular mask level before the start of a product run is described. This method can also be used to produce a characterization of lens field curvature (i.e., a surface of optimum focus across the lens) and to characterize lens astigmatism, defocus sensitivity, relative resolution, and other characteristics, and to check the stepper for optical column tilt. The process prevents the complexities of resist development from affecting determination of focus. The process involves forming an array of latent images in a resist and examining the scattered light from the edges of the latent images. Analysis of the scattered light quickly provides information on correct exposure and focus together with lens characteristics over the printing field.

Abstract: A very low voltage sampling circuit which is capable of a full ranging output when powered with a very low voltage, e.g., of about 1 volt. A pre-charge circuit is combined with a sample and hold circuit to avoid the need for low threshold switching devices in the sampling circuit, thus avoiding output droop due to the increased leakage of low threshold devices. The pre-charge circuit is placed between the sample and hold circuit and an output of the sampling circuit to `boost` the voltage level of the output of the sample and hold circuit to above a predetermined threshold voltage level. The pre-charge circuit includes an output voltage boost capacitor which is charged before the hold cycle of the sampling circuit. The negative node of the output voltage boost capacitor is charged to a reference voltage, and the positive node is charged approximately to a level of the input signal itself.

Abstract: A cable payout tube having a large diameter cable entrance end and an even larger cable exit end, for accommodating stiff cable without kinking thereof. The interior of the tube has cable gripping chambers extending along at least a portion of the length thereof, the chambers being tapered to allow wedging of the end of a cable therein. A flange and locking tabs enable mounting the tube in an opening in a carton containing the cable.

Abstract: Microphone sub-assemblies for direct mounting on a telephone handset inner substrate comprise a tubular wall containing a microphone comprising a cylindrical can and elongated terminal pins extending from the can. The tubular wall is formed from a strip of an elastomeric material wrapped around and adhered to the microphone with the microphone terminal pins extending directly through the wall, in hermetic fit therewith, and radially from the wall. The sub-assembly is mounted in a telephone internal substrate by inserting the microphone terminal pins into a connector on the substrate. Both the sub-assembly and the substrate are firmly secured within a telephone housing with an open end of the tubular housing aligned with a sound admitting port through the telephone housing.

Abstract: Port networks (PN 101-103) of a switching system such as a distributed PBX are remoted from and interconnected with each other by an ATM network (100). Each port network includes a port network connectivity (PNC) circuit (113-114) that interfaces it to the ATM network. Only one of the port networks (101) has a system processing element (SPE 111), which controls all of the port networks. Commands issued by the SPE and needed by the ATM network to establish virtual circuits between the port networks are translated (FIG. 2) by a PNC circuit (113) into ATM signaling cells. Commands issued by the SPE and not needed by the ATM network are encapsulated (FIGS. 2 and 3) as payload into ATM traffic cells by the PNC circuit and are sent to destination processor networks through the virtual circuits. At a destination processor network, the encapsulated commands are retrieved (FIGS. 2 and 3) and used for local control.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and method of tuning the frequency characteristics of a continuous-time filter. First and second test signals are provided to a filter means and the respective first and second responses of the filter means are measured. The first and second responses are compared and based on the comparison a tuning control signal is provided to the filter means to tune the frequency response characteristics of the filter means. During a tuning phase of operation, a first switch connects a test signal generator and disconnects a data signal generator from the transmission input of a continuous-time filter. A signal processor receives a signal from the transmission output from the continuous-time filter and produces a tuning control signal based on that signal. The test signal generator is comprised of means for providing a first test signal, which may be an alternating signal source ("A.C."), and means for providing a second test signal, which may be a direct signal source ("D.C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a color-coded optical fiber cable and a method for manufacturing the color-coded optical fiber cable. The optical fiber cable of the present invention comprises a glass fiber, a buffer surrounding the fiber, which may be comprised of nylon, an aramid fiber strength member surrounding the fiber buffer, and an outer sheath surrounding the aramid fiber strength member. In accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention, optical fiber cables are color coded by using aramid fiber strength members of different colors. Once a color-coded aramid fiber strength member has been placed about the fiber buffer, it is surrounded by a light-transmissive outer sheath so that the color of the aramid fiber strength member can be easily ascertained, even when the optical fiber cable is wound up on a reel.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a dual-fiber ferrule are disclosed. A hole having a preferably elliptical shape and a size suitable for receiving two bare optical fibers is formed along the axis of symmetry of a retaining member. The elliptically-shaped hole determines the angular position of the center of fiber cores of the optical fibers within the retaining member. The dual-fiber ferrule can be used for forming improved optical connectors. A registration feature on the retaining member of the dual-fiber ferrule used in such connectors allows for passive alignment of the optical fibers of one connector with the fibers of another connector when forming an optical link. The optical link includes two such dual-fiber ferrules and a dual-fiber mating sleeve having a feature for engaging the registration feature of each retaining member.

Abstract: A novel analogue to digital (A/D) converter semiconductor integrated circuit intended for digitizing signals generated by a physical stimulus sensing electronic apparatus, and more particularly, for digitizing signals generated by an array of photo-integrator circuits of an active pixel sensor (APS) imaging device. The A/D converter is a modified single slope integration type, wherein the reference ramp signal exhibits predetermined nonlinearity and offset. The nonlinearity and offset of the reference ramp signal track the nonlinearity and offset components in the signal being digitized, the latter being nonlinearity and offset components contributed by sources appearing in advance of the A/D conversion point in the signal acquisition and processing path of a digital camera system.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for initiating an intelligent battery discharge in an electrical system thereby allowing battery diagnostic testing to be performed more efficiently and more accurately. Specifically, the discharge is initiated by reducing the voltage being supplied to the electrical system by a main power supply such that the battery power supply begins supplying the system voltage. The output of the main power supply is only reduced to a predetermined non-zero level, such that the battery power supply will begin discharging while the main power supply continues to maintain a floor voltage. This floor voltage ensures that the system voltage will not fall below the floor voltage even if the battery power supply fails completely. Once the battery power supply begins discharging, the system voltage is monitored to determine whether the battery power supply is capable of supplying sufficient electrical power to maintain the system voltage above the floor voltage.

Abstract: The specification describes a technique for solder bump bonding IC chips or chip packages to interconnection substrates. Epoxy prepolymer underfill is applied to the surface of the interconnection substrate prior to the solder bump bonding step. The presence of the prepolymer underfill material does not interfere with effective bonding. This technique reduces substantially the potential for voids in the underfill layer that tend to occur when the underfill is applied to a bonded IC chip/substrate assembly. It also enables curing of the underfill polymer in the same heating step used to effect thermocompression bonding of the solder bumps.

Abstract: Improved diamond particle emitters, useful for flat panel displays, are fabricated by suspending nanometer-sized ultra-fine particles in a solution, applying the suspension as a coating onto a conducting substrate such as n-type Si or metal, subjecting the coated substrate to a plasma of hydrogen, and applying a thin, conformal diamond overcoating layer onto the particles. The resulting emitters show excellent emission properties, such as extremely low turn-on voltage, good uniformity and high current densities. In particular, the electron emitters are capable of producing electron emission current densities of at least 0.1 mA/,mm.sup.2 at extremely low vacuum electric fields of 0.2-3.0 V/.mu.m V/.mu.m. These field values are about an order of magnitude lower than exhibited by the best defective CVD diamond and almost two orders of magnitude lower than p-type semiconducting diamond.

Abstract: A low voltage differential swing interconnect I/O buffer within an output buffer part comprising a voltage controlled current source, voltage controlled current sink, and a current switch and an input buffer part comprising a voltage controlled resistance. The output current and input resistance of the I/O buffer is determined by biasing voltages which are generated by on-chip reference circuits and applied to the voltage controlled components of the I/O buffer. Using two input reference voltages and a single reference resistor, the reference circuits dynamically adjust the biasing voltages so that the I/O buffer maintains the required output current and input resistance for all manufacturing process, supply voltage, and chip temperature variations.

Abstract: Multiprocessor architecture having advantages of both synchronous and asynchronous architectures. The multiprocessor (FIG. 10) comprises processors (300) operating in parallel and synchronously. Each processor operates at a different rate (a), so that each processor processes a data unit (316) in a different amount of time. An input distribution function (317) receives an input stream of data and distributes it to individual processors for processing, in amounts directly proportional to the operating rates of the individual processors, so that each processor processes all of the data distributed to it in the same amount of time as the other processors. Input data buffers (301) connected to processors operate synchronously with the connected processors, receiving and storing the distributed data and inputting it to the connected processors at rates synchronized with the processors' operating rates.

Abstract: A wireless communication system which is reconfigurable to accommodate varying traffic density is provided by using a flexible optical interface between a base station controller and several base stations. Communication between the base station controller and the base stations is provided over an optical fiber. The fiber carries several communication channels in both directions using wavelength multiplexing. The bandwidth between the base station controller and a particular base station is varied by increasing or decreasing the number of wavelengths used to communicate with the base station. Varying the bandwidth provides the ability to adjust the capacity to carry voice and/or data between the base station controller and the base station. As a result the number of radio frequency carrier frequencies assigned to a base station can be varied to support varying radio frequency traffic density throughout the wireless network.

Abstract: An aqueous electroplating bath for the electrodeposition of palladium alloys in a mixed ligand system. A first ligand operates to form a complex of palladium and a second ligand functions to form a complex of another metal which brings the plating potentials of the two metals closer together. Palladium and the alloying metal thus exist as complexes with different structures.

Abstract: A blade carrier assembly for use in a communication plug terminating a cord carrying a plurality of conductors. The assembly includes a dielectric carrier having a plurality of grooves disposed on both its upper and lower surfaces for receiving a plurality of electrically conductive blades. One end of the blades is configured to interface with a conductor from a cord, which is an insulation displacement contact (IDC) in the preferred embodiment. The other end of the blades is configured as a jack interface end for electrical communication with a jack spring. In a preferred embodiment, the grooves in the dielectric carrier position the conductor interface ends of the blades in a substantially circular array to conform with the general configuration of conductors in a round cable.