Abstract: A semiconductor device having composite dielectric layer formed between a silicon substrate and a gate electrode. The composite gate dielectric layer including a layer of silicon oxide, SiOx?2, having a dielectric constant of greater than about 3.9 and about 12 or less, and a complementary dielectric layer for inhibiting the flow of leakage current through the composite dielectric layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving a plurality of individual tributary signals in multiplex form via a common line. At the transmitting end, the tributary signals, each of which has a similar initial frequency, are converted into a compound signal having a frame structure with a common data rate. At the receiving end, each individual tributary signal is retrieved from the compound signal with its initial frequency. A phase information signal portion including a respective phase difference between each tributary signal and the compound signal is formed and inserted into the compound signal in the shape of respective coded bits. The initial frequency of each tributary signal is recovered from the phase information signal portion included in the respective coded bits belonging to the respective tributary signals.

Abstract: A solar tracking system has a first set of solar heat gain transducers (700) that produce respective first output signals to drive a reversible first motor (300) for changing a vertical angle of a solar collector (200); and a second set of solar heat gain transducers (700) that produce respective second output signals to drive a reversible second motor (608) for changing a horizontal angle of the solar collector (200); each of the transducers (700) having a thermistor (702) in thermal contact with a thermal mass (706); and a communications apparatus (900) receiving output voltage from solar cells (202) on the solar collector (200).

Abstract: Multiple drives are coupled together to cause rotation about a single axis by an arrangement in which two moveable electrode plates flank a fixed electrode plate such that the opposite direction rotations of the two moveable electrode plates are combined. To this end, at least one arm from at least one of the moveable electrode plates is connected to at least one arm of a moveable electrode plate on the opposite side of the fixed electrode plate, e.g., by a spring. The electrode plates may have comb projections. A post may be coupled at one of its ends to the top of one of the moveable electrode plates, and the post's other end is coupled to a plate, e.g., a mirror or other structure to be moved.

Abstract: A method of decoding interleaved Reed-Solomon codes to achieve an improved performance for burst errors is described. The method takes advantage of both interleaving and erasure decoding to increase the error correcting capability of a system without necessarily depending on channel reliability information. The observed correlation of burst errors in interleaved systems is advantageously used to achieve an improved error-correcting system, wherein a first code word is decoded, and the error locations in the first codeword are used to determine erasures for the remaining code words in the same interleaving block, and finally, decoding the remaining code words in parallel.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for reducing intra-channel distortions of received data resulting from non-linear signal propagation includes parallel detection subcircuits for determining output values of sequentially provided optical data bits such that each of the sequentially provided optical data bits is processed by only one of the parallel detection subcircuits. Two parallel detection subcircuits process the input optical data bits according to even valued and odd valued clock signals. Each subcircuit has first and second signal analyzers to detect the value of the input optical data bit and a first memory unit and a second memory unit connected to the first and second signal analyzers. The input value of clock information provided to the first and second memory units of the first parallel subcircuit are 180° out of phase with input values indicative of a clock speed provided to the second parallel subcircuit.

Abstract: A thermal management for EMI shielded circuit packs having one or more high-power components, i.e. heat sources. More particularly, a heat transfer device or assembly for EMI shielded circuit packs is provided whereby multiple components (e.g., high-power components) are cooled by individual heat sinks (i.e., each component has its own individual heat sink) which protrude into an external airflow through individual openings in the lid of the EMI shield. Mechanically-compliant, electrically-conductive gaskets are used to seal the base plates of the individual heat sinks against the lid of the EMI shield enclosure. As such, in accordance with the various embodiments, the conductive gaskets establish a compliance layer which accommodates any variation in the heights of the individual components, thereby, allowing optimum thermal contact between the components and their respective heat sinks without compromising the EMI shielding.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a planar substrate and an array of substantially transparent spherical micro-lenses forming a pattern. The pattern has an internal two-dimensional lattice symmetry on the planar substrate. Each micro-lens includes a convex bulge or a concave depression in a surface of the planar substrate. The micro-lenses and substrate include hydrogel that swells and contracts in a manner that is responsive to an environmental condition.

Abstract: Node component(s) of apparatus in one example, upon registration of user(s) in second network subsequent to registration of one or more of user(s) in first network, serve to cause mailbox profile portion(s) for voice mailbox(es) that are associated with one or more of user(s) to be copied from first voicemail system component(s) that are associated with first network to second voicemail system component(s) that are associated with second network contemporaneous with location of voicemail message(s), for one or more of user(s), on storage device(s) that are coupled with second voicemail system component(s) through internet protocol network. Mailbox profile portion(s) comprise address(es) for location(s) on storage device(s) that serve to allow one or more of user(s) to employ voice mailbox(es) on second voicemail system component(s) to access one or more of voicemail message(s) on storage device(s).

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a stack of layers, each of the layers having one or two surfaces that contact neighboring ones of the layers. At least one of the layers comprises a mesh layer, and, a shear thickening fluid is located within the mesh layer or in another layer of the stack of layers.

Abstract: A printing tool has a module allowing printing of at least one linked content item. A request sub-module generates a request to print at least one linked content item, and a retrieval sub-module allows at least one linked content item to be retrieved for printing.

Abstract: A method of transmitting e-mails with attachments over a communications network includes the steps of receiving an e-mail with an attachment file, causing the attachment file to be stored at a storage device, and transmitting a modified e-mail having an attachment indication with a pointer to a location of the attachment file at the storage device. The e-mail with an attachment file may be intended for a group of recipients. The e-mail with an attachment file may include text content. Further, the modified e-mail may include text content and the attachment indication. The attachment indication may include at least one of information on the size of the file, information as to the type of file, information as to the file creation date and information as to the last modification date.

Abstract: A system for, and method of, generating a minimum quantity of route target attributes is described. According to a method embodiment, a minimal set of unique permutations of data flows between sites of one or more Virtual Private Network (VPNs) is computed by comparing permutations of data flows to and from each site of a customer (i.e., variations of connectivity between sites) and identifying which permutation of data flows are unique while ignoring any duplicate permutations of data flows. Unique route target attributes are then generated, each route target attribute corresponding to a particular one of the unique permutations of data flows. Typically, the quantity of unique route target numbers generated is equal to the minimum quantity of unique permutations of data flows.

Abstract: A method for switching cells by a mobile equipment of a communication system. The mobile transmits a signal coded with a spreading code indicating the mobile's intent to switch cells and the coded information also identifies to which cell the mobile wants to switch. The coded information contains channel measurement adjustment information that is continuously transmitted to the cell which is currently serving the mobile. The flow of channel measurement adjustment information is therefore not disturbed by the application of the method of the present invention. Because the coded information identifies the target cell and indicates the mobile's intent to perform a cell switching procedure, the amount of processing done by the cells is significantly reduced thus increasing the likelihood of a successful switching procedure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting optical pulses in a dispersion-managed optical transmission system comprises determining the pulse width of optical pulses in a optical transmission channel in accordance with the path-average dispersion (PAD) experienced by that channel.

Abstract: Denial of service (CSDoS) attacks are managed by a process that diverts a fraction of SYN packets destined to a server S to a web guard processor. The web guard processor acts as a termination point in the connection with the one or more clients from which the packets originated, and upon the establishment of a first TCP connection with a legitimate client, opens a new TCP connection to the server and transfers the data between these two connections. It also monitors the number of timed-out connections. When an attack is in progress, the number of the forged attack packets and timed-out connections increases significantly. If this number exceeds a predetermined threshold amount, the web guard processor declares that this server is under attack. The switch diverts all traffic (i.e. SYN packets) destined to this server to the web guard processor, or to delete all SYN packets to the server.

Abstract: The frequency reuse scheme for downlink power channels in a sectorized network assigns transmit power for control channels transmitted by cell blocks in a cell layout such that cell blocks aligned in a particular direction have an incrementally higher transmit power.

Abstract: In an optical transmission system, operations of certain elements are adjusted in an individualized manner after detecting a change in the total optical power level corresponding to multiple optical channels in a link of the system in order to control transients in those channels. For example, in response to a sudden drop in the number of channels resulting from a fiber cut, the power levels of the optical pumps in a Raman amplifier in an OADM are adjusted to reduce transient gain errors in the surviving channels, where the adjustment to the pump power level for each different optical pump is a function of both the detected change in the total optical power level and at least one specified coefficient for that particular optical pump, in order to handle non-linearities in the response of the Raman amplifier to the sudden drop in the number of optical channels.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a round trip delay (RTD) indicator for mobile telephone signals originating from a mobile unit and received at a plurality of base stations in a wireless telecommunications system comprising at least some base stations using rake receivers, each rake receiver comprising a plurality of fingers. The method includes the steps of: collecting one or more finger characteristics from one or more rake receiver fingers assigned to one or more multi-path components of a signal; determining a finger lock category for at least one of the assigned one or more rake receiver fingers using the collected one or more finger characteristics; selecting a rake receiver finger from the one ore more rake receiver fingers using the determined finger lock categories, wherein the selected rake receiver finger has an associated RTD; and recording the RTD indicator corresponding to the selected finger. The system includes a processor configured to perform the foregoing steps.

Abstract: Techniques and systems for design and use of generalized LDPC codes. A generalized LDPC code comprises a set of codewords producing valid results when submitted to a validator comprising a set of variable nodes and a set of check nodes, with outputs of the variable nodes being connected to inputs of the check nodes by interleaver edges. Each check node and variable node is in the form of a code, with the output of a node being valid if its inputs form a valid codeword. An extrinsic information transfer function (EXIT) chart is used to form a check node curve and a variable node curve is matched to the check node curve. The variable nodes are then constructed so as to provide the information transfer properties indicated by the variable node curve.