Abstract: Techniques for transmission control in a wireless communication system are described. In a system comprising a plurality of voice and data users, a threshold is set reflecting a minimum gain at which a data user will be allowed to transmit. At each of a plurality of time slots, the circumstances, including the instantaneous gains, of all data users are evaluated and the data user having the highest priority is selected as a candidate for transmission. If the candidate for transmission experiences a gain meeting the gain threshold, the candidate is directed to transmit at a power level inversely proportional to the gain. If the candidate for transmission does not experience a gain meeting the threshold, the candidate is inhibited from transmission.

Abstract: An optical device extracts an information bearing sideband such as an FSK or SCM signal (label) from a composite signal that includes the sideband and an orthogonally modulated signal such as an intensity modulated signal (payload) by employing polarization beam splitting and polarization transformation. Polarization transformation is accomplished by splicing the optical signal into a polarization maintaining fiber at a desired angle so that it is separated into two orthogonal polarizations that experience differential group delay in the fiber. The fiber is characterized by a beat length Lbeat and the fiber is designed to have a length substantially equal to (Lbeat×fc)/2?f, wherein the sidebands of the composite signal are separated by a wavelength difference ?f and fc is the nominal center frequency of the composite signal. This device has been shown to be useful for extracting GMPLS LSC level wavelength labels from either an FSK/IM composite signal or an SCM/IM composite signal.

Abstract: An information component of an apparatus in one example selects one or more languages for transmission of one or more messages to one or more personal information components based on one or more inputs from one or more of the one or more personal information components.

Abstract: An originating mobile switching center of an apparatus in one example handles one or more calls. A serving mobile switching center for a communication device on a call of the one or more calls passes control of the call to the originating mobile switching center. The originating mobile switching center triggers the call to a service node. The service node sends an initial trigger response to the originating mobile switching center that instructs the originating mobile switching center to redirect the call. The initial trigger response arms one or more triggers that support one or more services for the communication device. The one or more triggers comprise one or more of one or more switch based triggers and one or more subscriber based triggers exclusive of Calling_Routing_Addresss_Available, OAnswer, and ODisconnect triggers.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for manipulating light beams propagated through an optical apparatus that includes a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) and free-space optics unit. A multi-wave optical signal coupled to the PLC is propagated through a first and second waveguide array to generate a phased array output at an edge facet of the PLC. The phased array output at the edge facet is spatially Fourier transformed by the lens to generate a spectrally resolved image having a discrete light spot for each channel of the input optical signal, which is coupled to a pixelated optical receiving unit. When the optical receiving unit is a reflector, one or more of the discrete light spot are reflected to a desired waveguide array of a PLC to produce a desired output. When the optical receiving unit is a pixelated transmissive modulator, one or more of the discrete light spot are modulated as they pass through the modulator.

Abstract: Cryptography is used to generate a token that both authorizes request processing and establishes constraints on that authorization. A mobile communications device user or client subscribes to an information service of a content provider. A description of the subscribed service is generated. The client applies a digital signature to the description and optionally encrypts the signed description. A token is generated based on the signed description. The content provider presents the token to the request processing entity of a mobile service provider in order to establish trust between the content provider and the request processing entity. The request processing entity decrypts the token and verifies the signature of the client. The request of the content provider is validated through a comparison of the request with the constraints indicated in the decrypted token. Valid requests are processed.

Abstract: A decoding method is carried out in a receiver configured to accept format information relating to sequences of input data, to use format information in the decoding of each input sequence, and to issue an acknowledgement signal in the event that an input sequence is successfully decoded. The method involves receiving a format message pertaining to a new input sequence, searching a candidate set of format indices an index best satisfying a criterion for matching to the format message, and selecting the index giving the best match. Before searching, the receiver reads the acknowledgement signals issued in response to the decoding or attempted decoding of recent input sequences. If the acknowledgement signals satisfy an appropriate condition, the search is limited to fewer than all the indices in the candidate set. The format information that corresponds to the selected index is used in decoding the new input sequence.

Abstract: A method, software, and computer system for defending against virus attacks is described. Assume that a computer system receives an instruction to run an executable file. Before the computer system runs the executable file, the computer system determines if the executable file is certified to run on the computer system. If the executable file is not certified, then the computer system prevents the executable file from running. If the executable file is certified, then the computer system determines if the executable file has been modified since being certified. If the executable file has been modified, then the computer system prevents the executable file from running. If the executable file has been certified and has not been modified, then the computer system runs the executable file. Because many viruses are included in executable files, virus attacks may be prevented by requiring executable files to be certified before they can run.

Abstract: An optical pulse monitor (OPM) that determines an optical phase profile for a pulse train by (i) modulating the optical phase of pulses in the pulse train using a periodic waveform and (ii) generating a derivative of a spectrum of the resulting modulated signal with respect to the waveform's amplitude. In one embodiment, an OPM has a phase modulator that modulates the optical phase of pulses in a received pulse train using a periodic waveform supplied by a configurable drive circuit. The drive circuit temporally aligns the waveform with the pulse train to serially produce each of four selected temporal alignments. An optical signal analyzer measures a spectrum of the modulated signal generated by the modulator for each of these four temporal alignments and provides the four measured spectra to a processor. The processor uses the measured spectra to determine two spectrum derivatives with respect to the waveform's amplitude.

Abstract: Rather than transmitting a large full Broadcast-Multicast Services (BCMC) Parameters Message (BSPM) containing a full set of BSPM parameters pertaining to all active BCMC flows within a sector on an infrequent basis, smaller-sized differential or partial BSPMs are instead transmitted. Differential BSPMs contain updated information for existing flows or information for new flows, and because of their smaller size, can be transmitted more frequently than full BSPMs. A mobile terminal receiving a differential BSPM updates the flows with the information contained within the differential BSPM or adds the information contained within the differential BSPM for a new flow. Partial BSPMs divide the flow information contained in a large full BSPM over a plurality of smaller-sized partial BSPMs, which are separately and sequentially transmitted at different times. A mobile terminal receiving these partial BSPMs then reconstructs the full BSPM from a collection of received partial BSPMs.

Abstract: The intonation of speech is modified by an appropriate combination of resampling and time-domain harmonic scaling. Resampling increases (upsampling) or decreases (downsampling) the number of data points in a signal. Harmonic scaling adds or removes pitch cycles to or from a signal. The pitch of a speech signal can be increased by combining downsampling with harmonic scaling that adds an appropriate number of pitch cycles. Alternatively, pitch can be decreased by combining upsampling with harmonic scaling that removes an appropriate number of pitch cycles. The present invention can be implemented in an automated speech-therapy tool that is able to modify the intonation of prerecorded reference speech signals for playback to a user to emphasize the correct pronunciation by increasing the pitch of selected portions of words or phrases that the user had previously mispronounced.

Abstract: In a network architecture, selective grooming is performed. In selective grooming, a low traffic node is coupled (a) directly to an other low traffic node via a high capacity trunk, and (b) to a high traffic node via a high capacity trunk such that only a portion of the client signals destined for the other low traffic node are groomed into the high capacity trunk to the high traffic node.

Abstract: A low-ripple optical device comprising an optical demultiplexer structure and an optical multiplexer structure cascaded together wherein one of the structures exhibits n passband maxima and the other device exhibits n+1 passband maxima.

Abstract: A method of determining the latency of a route in a packet-switched network, a packet switch for use in such a method and network and a packet-switched network are disclosed. Preferably, each switch maintains a routing table that records the latency of the routes accessible by that switch. Each switch also preferably has a GPS-based universal time clock which it employs to time the transmission and arrival of identifiable timing packets, these times being used to compute route latency and to up-date the routing tables. In one example (FIG. 1) a packet-switched network has a plurality of switches (S1-S6) interconnected by links or trunks (T1-T7). A local GPS-base clock (GPS CLK) is connected to each switch (S1-S6) to enable the accurate timing of transmission and reception of identifiable timing packets in accordance with a system-wide universal timing standard.

Abstract: A method for reducing the problem space associated with determining intra-network circuit provisioning paths within a large communications network by selecting only a sub-set of the total network nodes, including the start-node and end-node of a communication path by bounding, using one of a plurality of predefined shapes having an appropriate size, and calculating the best path using only the network elements included within the sub-set of total nodes.

Abstract: A device, a Micro-Electrical-Mechanical-Switch (MEMS) safety and arming (S&A) device and a method of manufacturing the MEMS S&A. In one embodiment, the device includes a body and a MEMS shuttle movably coupled to the body. In this embodiment, the shuttle is configured to close a switch in response to being accelerated in two directions that are substantially orthogonal.

Abstract: A distributed dynamic channel allocation algorithm for a multi-carrier CDMA cellular system having at least one mobile base station. The distributed dynamic channel allocation algorithm uses channel power measurements from both the requesting mobile station and the mobile base station attempting to allocate an available resource to the mobile station. The distributed dynamic channel allocation algorithm attempts to allocate the best available resource for the requesting mobile station, in terms of interference, while minimizing the amount of interruption that the allocated resource may cause to existing connections in neighboring cells. Thus, the distributed dynamic channel allocation algorithm follows a “least-interference, least-interruption” strategy. The distributed dynamic channel allocation algorithm is load balancing, since it tends to assign new resources to mobile base station with lighter loads.

Abstract: Improved cryptographic techniques are provided by which a device that performs private key operations (e.g., signatures and/or decryptions), and whose private key operations are protected by a password, is immunized against offline dictionary attacks in case of capture by forcing the device to confirm a password guess with a designated entity or party in order to perform a private key operation, and by which the initiating device may dynamically delegate the password-checking function (i.e., confirmation of the password guess) from the originally designated entity or party to another designated entity or party.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for maintaining compact descriptions of the behavior of customers in a database of information relating to customer transactions. Of all possible variables that might be used to characterize customer transactions, a limited number are selected on the basis of discriminating power to define customer profiles. Customers are classified according to distinguishing features of their profiles. A new customer can be initially assigned to a particular class based on data characterizing his first few transactions.

Abstract: The inventors propose herein a switch fabric architecture that allows broadcasting and fast channel access in the ns-range. In various embodiments of the present invention, 10 Gb/s receiver modules are based on a novel heterodyne receiver and detection technique, which is tolerant to moderate wavelength drifts of a local oscillator. A gain clipped electrical amplifier is used in the novel receiver as a rectifier for bandpass signal recovery.