Abstract: A mobile station is located and paged for a circuit-switched connection in a GSM system which supports data packet switching (GPRS) services. A table held by the SGSN is provided for locating a mobile station where the mobile has moved from the Routing Area in which it was last located to a cell within the same Location Area which does not support GPRS services. The GSM system comprises a plurality of base station controllers (BSS) serving cells in a Location Area (LA), a circuit-switch control (MSC/VLR) for establishing circuit-switched connections to mobile stations within the Location Area, and a packet control (SGSN) for establishing data packet-switching with mobile stations within one or more Routing Areas (RA) within the Location Area.

Abstract: An array of high fill factor mirrors has each mirror be coupled across two deformable spring bars that are deformed using a drive. The two deformable springs are parallel to each other, and coupled together, e.g., by a cross bar. A support is coupled at one end to the cross bar and at its opposite end to the mirror. Coupled across the deformable spring bars on the opposite side thereof from the mirror support, is at least one moveable drive plate. Motion by the moveable drive plate causes the deformable spring bars to torque, e.g., in the local vicinity of the connection of the drive plate to the deformable spring bars. The torque causes the deformable spring bars to move downward, e.g., near their centers. As a result, cross bar, and hence the mirror, move downward.

Abstract: A method and system for providing an anonymous call redirection service for wireless service subscribers by implementing service logic within the wireless network to intercept incoming calls for which no calling name or number is available and redirect the calls to an intelligent peripheral device for further processing. In one embodiment, anonymous calls are directed to an intelligent peripheral such as a network-based recording device, which records the caller's name and then repeats or plays this name to the called party, before the call is connected to allow the called party to accept or reject the call.

Abstract: When a bomb that might be triggered by a ringing mobile terminal is suspected of being located within a target zone, the base stations whose coverage areas include a critical area that surrounds and encompasses that target zone are switched into a one-way calling mode that prevents the mobile terminals within that critical area from receiving incoming calls, but still allows users of those mobile terminals to place to place outgoing calls. The one-way calling mode is effected in response to a signal received by a base station from its associated MSC that instructs it to disable its paging function, thereby preventing the mobile terminal from receiving and responding to a signal that indicates that an incoming call is present, and thus prevents the base station from sending a signal to the mobile terminal that activates its ringing circuitry.

Abstract: The present invention provides techniques for the retransmission of packets of data. One device comprises a transmission unit adapted to retransmit all previously transmitted packets transmitted during a predetermined time interval, instead of just a single packet, when a received signal indicates that at least one previously transmitted packet contains corrupted data.

Abstract: A method and system provide for using an integrated broadband and narrowband SS7 signaling gateway with M3UA and point code mapping. In general terms one embodiment of the system has: a single physical media carrying at least one bearer path and at least one signaling link, the physical media being operatively connected to a signaling network; and an integrated media and signaling gateway operatively connected to the physical media, the integrated gateway being a termination for both the bearer path and the signaling link.

Abstract: A first network component of an apparatus in one example is coupled with one or more additional network components. The first network component and the one or more additional network components communicate with one another over a single, shared wireline path through employment of a plurality of code division multiple access (CDMA) codes. The plurality of CDMA codes comprise a first CDMA code and a second CDMA code. The first network component sends a first message over the single, shared wireline path to one of the one or more additional network components through employment of the first CDMA code and contemporaneously receives a second message over the single, shared wireline path from one of the one or more additional network components through employment of the second CDMA code.

Abstract: An optical differential phase shift key (DPSK) receiver, a method of demodulating an optical DPSK modulated signal and an optical processor capable of operating as either a DPSK receiver or DPSK transmitter. In one embodiment, the DPSK receiver includes: (1) an optical waveguide and a delay line associated therewith configured to receive simultaneously an optical DPSK modulated signal, (2) a coupler having at least two inputs and at least four outputs, the at least two inputs configured to terminate the optical waveguide and the delay line, the delay line having a path length difference that delays the optical DPSK modulated signal by at least one timeslot relative to the optical waveguide and (3) photodetectors associated with the at least four outputs and configured to provide signals indicative of digital data contained in components of the optical DPSK modulated signal.

Abstract: Traffic demands are routed between network elements so as to provide improved protection against network failures. A given traffic demand is routed from a first network element to a second network element, where the second network element is preferably either one of a set of dual-homed elements, or coupled to a dual-homed element, and may also be an element of a ring-type transport or a mesh-type transport. The second network element processes the traffic demand such that a copy of a signal associated with the demand is (i) retained at the second network element, while the signal is routed to at least one additional network element, or (ii) routed to at least one additional network element, while the signal is routed to at least one network element other than the additional network element. For example, in a multidrop connection implemented in accordance with the invention, a copy of the signal is “dropped” at the second network element and one or more additional network elements.

Abstract: Methods, software and devices, for use in a network environment having a server and a terminal with a web browser running on it, where the browser is remote from the server, are disclosed. In such a method, the server provides a first web page to the web browser on the remote terminal. The server receives the text from the web browser at the remote terminal, and the server executes the text. The server provides or updates a second web page to the remote terminal that includes real time results generated by the execution of the text such that the executable file represented by the text seems to a user of the web browser to have been executed at the remote terminal.

Abstract: Content on the World Wide Web is made available for downloading by distributing it to cache providers. The content provider is a distinct entity from the cache providers and enters into contractual arrangements in order to benefit from the services provided by the cache providers. The contractual arrangements specify certain rights in cache resources that are bought and sold as commodities, exemplarily through a broker or exchange. An exemplary such right is the right to a stated amount of bandwidth, in a stated time interval, for servicing download requests. Responsive to such contractual arrangements, a redirective element such as a DNS server is programmed to redirect, to one or more cache providers, download requests initially addressed to the content provider.

Abstract: Raman amplification is used in optical transmission systems, devices and/or components way of for applying Raman amplification avoiding or suppressing detrimental and hence undesirable non-linear effects is provided. Raman amplification in an optical device is provided by firstly determining a pump power (3) necessary for providing Raman amplification and then by providing a low spectral power density by pumping the optical device with pump power (3) at a relatively broad pump power spectrum and preferably a low spectral pump power amplitude such that the total output pump power (3) remains sufficiently high. The pump power (3) is optically attenuated prior to being coupled to the optical device.

Abstract: An apparatus in one example has: a network service provider; a mobile terminal operatively coupled to the network service provider; a credit card company system operatively coupled to the network service provider; and the network service provider structured such that, when the credit card company system notifies the network service provider of charges to credit cards associated with the mobile terminal, the network service provider notifies the mobile terminal of such charges.

Abstract: Apparatus comprising a surface site layer having a distal site end, wherein the distal site end includes a substantially inorganic surface having a chemical composition selected from a group consisting of metals, semiconductors, insulators, and mixtures thereof, the surface positioned within a polypeptide bonding region and having a selective bonding affinity for a polypeptide; a plurality of interlayers between which the surface site layer is interposed, wherein the distal site end is distanced from the interlayers, first and second supports, wherein the surface site layer and the interlayers are interposed between the first and second supports; and first and second conductors provided on the first and second supports and having respective first and second distal conductor ends positioned within the polypeptide bonding region; wherein the conductors are capable of applying an external voltage potential across the polypeptide bonding region.

Abstract: A method includes generating a received signal vector from a signal received over a channel. The received signal vector includes a plurality of symbols encoded in accordance with a block code having a structure. A channel matrix estimated for the channel is transformed based on the structure of the block code to generate an aggregate channel matrix. The symbols are processed using the aggregate channel matrix. A system includes a front end unit configured to generate the received signal vector, a channel estimation unit configured to estimate the channel matrix, and a processing unit configured to generate the aggregate channel matrix and process the symbols using the aggregate channel matrix.

Abstract: A system for, and method of, determining channel throughput achievable under superposition coding given a finite, predetermined set of allowed transmission rates and a related system for, and method of, maximizing channel throughput. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a noise level calculator configured to calculate associated optimal noise levels for at least some rate subsets of the set of allowed transmission rates and (2) a code feasibility calculator associated with the noise level calculator and configured to determine whether feasible superposition codes exist for the at least some rate subsets given the associated optimal noise levels and thereby identify ones of the at least some rate subsets that are suitable for subsequent wireless transmissions.

Abstract: A reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) includes a first optical dynamic gain equalization filter (DGEF) having a first input for receiving an initial wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) signal, a first output for sending a phase shifted WDM signal, and a second output connected to a demultiplexer for demultiplexing a WDM drop signal thereby producing a plurality of drop channels. A second DGEF having a first input for receiving the phase shifted WDM signal, a second input connected to a multiplexer, for multiplexing a plurality of add channels to produce thereby a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) add signal, and an output for sending a second adjusted WDM signal. The ROADM allows for the channels from the initial WDM signal to be dropped, added and equalized.

Abstract: An apparatus that comprises a liquid mirror. The liquid mirror includes a liquid that forms an interface with a fluid adjacent to the liquid. The liquid mirror also includes a layer of reflective particles located at the interface, wherein the layer forms a reflective surface.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for translating XPATH queries into SQL queries with a simple least fixpoint (LFP) operator, which is already supported by most commercial RDBMS. The method comprises the steps of (a) rewriting an input query into a regular query, which is capable of capturing both DTD recursion and XPATH queries in a uniform framework; and (b) translating the regular query to an SQL query with LFP. The invention further provides optimization techniques for reducing the use of the LFP operator. As a result, the invention is capable of answering a large class of XPATH queries by means of only low-end RDBMS features already available in most RDBMS.

Abstract: An apparatus, comprising a plurality of closed cells disposed on a surface of a substrate. Each of the closed cells has at least one dimension that is less than about 1 millimeter and are configured to hold a medium therein. The apparatus also comprises a foam that contacts the closed cells. The foam has fluid walls that include a surfactant, and bubbles of the foam layer are filled with the medium.