Abstract: The present invention relates to a method to increase the survival of neurons by modulating the interaction between SorLA and GDNF-family ligand receptors. The agent used to modulate the interaction between the SorLA and GDNF-family ligand receptors are selected from proteins, peptides, antibodies or small organic compounds. The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical compositions comprising these agent as well as the use of said agent or pharmaceutical composition in the treatment of a disease associated with the loss of neurons and/or wherein the survival of neurons are desired.