Abstract: An optical fiber temperature sensing probe is implanted into a human body or other object that is being heated, either by ultrasonic radiation alone or by a combination of ultrasonic and electromagnetic (radio frequency or microwave) energy. In order to measure temperature in an ultrasound field without the probe introducing errors, the probe is made to be substantially thermally non-conducting, made of materials that do not absorb compressional energy, and has a small diameter relative to the length of the ultrasonic heating waves.

Abstract: To measure the heat transfer coefficient of a sample, an element with temperature sensitive optical properties is placed in contact or implanted in the sample. The element is heated or cooled. The temperature difference between the element and the unheated sample and the rate of heating or cooling indicate the heat transfer coefficient of the sample. In one embodiment, the element is heated or cooled at a constant rate. The heat transfer coefficient of the sample is then inversely related to the difference in temperature between the element and the unheated sample. Alternatively, the element may be heated or cooled at such a rate that the temperature difference between the element and the unheated sample remains substantially constant. The heat transfer coefficient of the sample then varies directly with the rate of heating or cooling. The heat transfer coefficient of a sample is a measure of its composition and other physical properties.

Abstract: A technique of temperature measurement wherein an object or environment to be measured is provided with a phosphor material layer that emits at least two optically isolatable wavelength ranges whose intensity ratio depends upon the object or environment temperature, the emitted radiation being brought to a detector by an optical system that may include an optical fiber. Several specific applications of this technique are disclosed, such as temperature monitoring of electrical equipment and industrial processing, medical temperature instrumentation including the use of disposable elements that contain a small quantity of the temperature dependent phosphor, special and multiple probes, the use of liquid phosphors, and a phosphor paint for monitoring surface temperatures.

Abstract: An optical temperature measuring instrument for detecting illuminescense of phosphor temperature sensing elements, wherein a two or more point temperature calibration system allows compensating for different temperature sensor characteristics, and a single optical system is utilized for simultaneously reading the temperatures of a plurality of temperature sensors in a multiplexing arrangement.

Abstract: An optical system for exciting a temperature dependent phosphor with radiation and detecting independently emissions therefrom in optically isolable first and second wavelength ranges that gives an indication of the temperature of the phosphor. The optical system is carried by a heat-insulating housing disposed between a heat generating light source and the heat sensitive detectors. Dichroic mirrors are utilized to separate the two wavelength ranges emitted by the phosphor and to allow the sharing of a common optical path by three different radiation wavelength ranges without an undue loss of radiation intensity in any of the wavelength ranges. The light source may be of a helically shaped filament that is tilted with respect to an imaging optical axis so that the side of the helix is imaged with a minimum amount of the space between the turns showing, thereby maximizing the optical energy imaged from the light source.

Abstract: A technique of temperature measurement wherein an object or environment to be measured is provided with a phosphor material layer that emits at least two optically isolatable wavelength ranges whose intensity ratio depends upon the object or environment temperature, the emitted radiation being brought to a detector by an optical system that may include an optical fiber. Several specific applications of this technique are disclosed, such as temperature monitoring of electrical equipment and industrial processing, medical temperature instrumentation including the use of disposable elements that contain a small quantity of the temperature dependent phosphor, special and multiple probes, the use of liquid phosphors, and a phosphor paint for monitoring surface temperatures.

Abstract: A technique wherein an object or environment to be measured is provided with a phosphor material layer that emits at least two optically isolatable wavelength ranges whose intensity ratio depends upon the object or environment temperature. This technique is applied to remote hostile environment point temperature measurements, such as in large enclosed electrical power transformers and other large equipment, to the measurement of surface temperatures, such as in airplane structures being tested in wind tunnels, and elsewhere.