Abstract: The present invention relates to single-crystal spherical carbon nanoparticles that are single-crystals, are spherical, and have an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 30 nm. The single-crystal spherical carbon nanoparticles of the present invention can generate fluorescence with a high fluorescence quantum efficiency when excited by a light in wide wavelength range from ultraviolet light to visible light, and have fluorescence quantum efficiency of 10% or more compared to conventionally known carbon nanoparticles. The single-crystal spherical carbon nanoparticles can be used for drug delivery, because they do not have toxicities to living organisms that compound semiconductors made of cadmium, selenium, tellurium, and the like have.

Abstract: A flow reactor can promote a reaction under appropriate temperature management, can precent reaction fluid or generated gas from being trapped in a heat transmission part, can be disassembled for easy cleaning, and to which a coating or lining can be applied. This flow reactor is provided with two flow paths, a reaction flow path and a second flow path, in a space formed between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder that are concentric. A spiral heat transmission body is disposed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the spiral heat transmission body has a substantially triangular cross-sectional shape in an axial cross-sectional view. The spiral heat transmission body partitions the space into the reaction flow path and the second flow path, and heat is exchanged via the spiral heat transmission body between a reaction fluid F1 flowing through the reaction flow path and a heat medium F2 flowing through the second flow path.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing an organic compound, the method making it possible to ensure an adequate reaction time and obtain a targeted substance at a high yield even in an organic reaction that requires a relatively long time to complete the reaction.

Abstract: The present application is related to a method of producing single-crystal spherical carbon nanoparticles that are single-crystals and spherical. The single-crystal spherical carbon nanoparticles produced by the production method of the present invention can generate fluorescence with high fluorescence quantum efficiency when excited by a light in a wide wavelength range from ultraviolet light to visible light, and have a fluorescence quantum efficiency of 10% or more compared to conventionally known carbon nanoparticles. In addition, The single-crystal spherical carbon nanoparticles produced by the production method of the present invention can be used for drug delivery, because they do not have toxicities to living organisms that compound semiconductors made of cadmium, selenium, tellurium, etc. have.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of producing single-crystal spherical silicon nanoparticles which are monocrystalline and spherical and has an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 20 nm. The method includes a step of mixing and reacting a raw material liquid containing silicon halide with a reduction liquid containing an anion of a condensed aromatic compound produced from lithium, sodium or potassium and the condensed aromatic compound. The anion of the condensed aromatic compound is prepared by mixing the lithium, sodium or potassium and the condensed aromatic compound at a temperature of less than 0° C.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to single-crystal spherical silicon nanoparticles which are monocrystalline are spherical and have an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 20 nm as well as a method of producing the same. The single-crystal spherical silicon nanoparticles of the present invention can produce fluorescence at a high fluorescence quantum efficiency upon excitation by light in a wide range of wavelengths from deep ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 300 nm to visible light, and can increase the conventionally known fluorescence quantum efficiency of silicon nanoparticles from around 1% to 10% or more.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a method for continuously producing eutectic alloy fine particles, the method enabling the production of eutectic alloy particles, the particle diameters of which are easily controlled. The present invention provides a method for producing eutectic alloy fine particles that have a particle diameter of 0.1 ?m to 50 ?m, wherein: a fluid to be processed containing at least a melt of a eutectic alloy, the melt that serves as a dispersoid, and a solvent that serves as a dispersion medium is used; the fluid to be processed is continuously introduced an atomizer which atomizes the fluid to be processed between at least two processing surfaces that are arranged to face each other; the fluid to be processed goes through a dispersion state in which the melt of a eutectic alloy and the solvent are both in a liquid state within the atomizer; and solid eutectic alloy fine particles are obtained by cooling the fluid discharged from the atomizer.

Abstract: In an agitator in which cavitation arising during treatment of a fluid being treated is suppressed, a stator part S is provided with a plurality of penetration parts in the circumferential direction of the stator part S, and a stator main part positioned between adjacent penetration parts.

Abstract: A spray dryer with which a fluid that has been subjected to a fluid processing in a spray device can be directly sprayed from the spray device into a drying chamber so that the fluid can be dried, without the need for a dispersion machine for adjusting the dispersion state of a dispersion solution to be sprayed into the drying chamber. The spray dryer includes a spray device. The spray device includes processing surfaces disposed opposing each other, and a rotation mechanism that rotates at least one of the processing surfaces relative to the other. The processing surfaces define a circular flow path through which is passed a fluid to be processed containing a first fluid and a second fluid. The circular flow path includes introduction ports. A first introduction port introduces, at an opening which connects to the circular flow path, the first fluid from the inside of the circular flow path.

Abstract: A microreactor includes an outer member with a tapered inner peripheral surface, an inner member with a tapered outer peripheral surface, a clearance adjusting unit which enables adjustment of clearance distance L between the tapered inner peripheral surface and the tapered outer peripheral surface by relatively moving the outer member and the inner member in vertical direction.

Abstract: A disperser includes an outer member and an inner member located radially inside the outer member. A flow path is formed between the outer member and the inner member, through which fluid flows from one side to the other side in the axial direction. The flow path includes a first region that extends spirally from the one side to the other side and a second region that extends continuously from the first region to the other side. The second region is defined by the tapered inner circumferential surface of the outer member and the tapered outer circumferential surface of the inner member. The tapered inner circumferential surface and the tapered outer circumferential surface are formed such that the angle of one with respect to the other in the axial cross section changes in the middle of the second region, and the second region of the flow path has portions each having a different clearance distance.

Abstract: A disperser includes an outer member having a tapered inner circumferential surface, an inner member having a tapered outer circumferential surface that faces the tapered inner circumferential surface, and a clearance adjustment part that allows a clearance distance between the tapered inner circumferential surface and the tapered outer circumferential surface to be adjusted by moving the outer member and the inner member relative to each other. A flow path is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the outer member and the outer circumferential surface of the inner member, through which fluid flows from one side to the other side. The flow path includes a dispersion region defined by the tapered inner circumferential surface and the tapered outer circumferential surface. The tapered inner circumferential surface and the tapered outer circumferential surface are formed such that the angle of one with respect to the other in the axial cross section changes in the middle of the dispersion region.

Abstract: A heat exchanger with which a fluid to be treated or a generated gas can be prevented from stagnating in a heat transfer part, which can be disassembled for good washability, and which can be coated or lined. The heat exchanger is provided with tow flow passages, i.e. a first flow passage and a second flow passage, within a space formed between an inner tube and an outer tube which are concentric to each other. A spiral heat transfer body is disposed between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the spiral heat transfer body has a cross-sectional shape that is substantially triangular in the axial-direction cross section. The space is partitioned into the first flow passage and the second flow passage by the spiral heat transfer body, and heat is exchanged via the spiral heat transfer body between a first fluid flowing within the first flow passage and a fluid flowing within the second flow passage.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes three flow paths, a first flow path, a second flow path, and a third flow path, which turn spirally in the space formed between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder are provided. These flow paths are defined by an inner heat transfer body and an outer heat transfer body, and heat exchange is performed through the heat transfer bodies. The heat transfer bodies turn spirally, have a screw shape in an axial cross-sectional view, and are assembled into a screw shape. The flow path area of the first flow path is varied by changing the shapes of a male thread and a female thread, and the second flow path and the third flow path are formed in a spiral shape, allowing for exchange of heat through the heat transfer bodies.

Abstract: The present application provides a microsphere comprising a lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) or polylactide (PLA) as a main component, in which a biologically active substance is uniformly dispersed, wherein an average volume-based particle diameter of the microsphere is 1 ?m or more and 150 ?m or less, and a variation coefficient of area ratios in six regions is 0.35 or less, wherein the area ratios in six regions are calculated by (s/A)×100 (%) wherein the six regions are prepared by preparing a cross section observation sample obtained by cutting the microsphere; observing the cross section observation sample with an electron microscope at a magnification capable of confirming the biologically active substance in the microsphere or a higher magnification; and dividing the electron microscope observation image into six regions; and A is an area of a respective divided region, and s is a sum of cross section areas of the biologically active substance included in the respective divided region.

Abstract: A vacuum deaerator degasses material to be processed by placing a rotating rotor with a screen in a vacuum vessel, introducing a liquid material to be processed into the rotor from the interior thereof and causing the liquid to pass through the screen to refine the same. The vacuum deaerator is characterized in that: the screen is a cylinder with a circular cross-section and is in the form of a porous plate in which a plurality of through holes are opened in the radial direction of the cylindrical screen; and the screen is provided such that the area of inflow openings is greater than the area of outflow openings, where the inflow openings are openings of a plurality of penetration portions provided on the inner wall face of the screen and the outflow openings are openings of the plurality of penetration portions provided on the outer wall dace of the screen. Thus, the processing capacity of the vacuum deaerator is improved without increasing the size of the device.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of producing highly crystalline silver microparticles by a reduction reaction, which comprises precipitating the silver microparticles by reacting a silver solution containing at least silver ions and a reducing agent solution containing at least a reducing agent by a continuous wet reduction method, wherein a reduction rate from the silver solution to the silver microparticles is 99% or more; an average primary particle diameter of the silver microparticles is 100 nm or more and 1,000 nm or less; and an average crystallite diameter relative to the average primary particle diameter of the silver microparticles is 80% or more. Even highly crystalline silver microparticles having 95% or more of the ratio (d/D) of the average crystallite diameter (d) relative to the average primary particle diameter (D), that is, silver microparticles in which almost all silver microparticles are single crystals, can be continuously produced by a liquid phase method, by the present invention.

Abstract: A fluid treatment device with a new configuration is provided. The fluid treatment device is provided with an upstream treatment unit defined by treatment surfaces that rotate relative to each other, and a downstream treatment unit arranged downstream of the upstream treatment unit. The upstream treatment unit is configured such that, by passing the fluid to be treated into an upstream treatment space defined by the treatment surfaces, the fluid to be treated is subjected to upstream treatment. The downstream treatment unit is provided with a downstream treatment space which performs the function of retaining and mixing the fluid to be treated by means of a labyrinth seal. An upstream outlet of the fluid to be treated from the upstream treatment unit opens into the downstream treatment space, and the downstream treatment space is configured to use the labyrinth seal to perform the function of controlling retention time.

Abstract: A vacuum deaerator is provided with a refining device with which it is possible to suppress the occurrence of situations involving interrupted discharging and continuously discharge a material being treated that is highly viscous, etc. The vacuum deaerator introduces a liquid material being treated into a vessel having a vacuum therein to perform deaeration and then discharged the material being treated out of the vessel. A rotating rotor with refining device arranged in the vessel and a rotating discharge vane provided separately from the rotating rotor for the purpose of discharging the material being treated in the vessel out of the vessel are installed.

Abstract: The flow reactor includes three flow passages including a first flow passage, a second flow passage, and a third flow passage which spirally circulate within a space formed between an inner tube and an outer tube. The flow passages are compartmented by an inner heat transfer body and an outer heat transfer body. The heat transfer bodies spirally circulate, have a screw-like cross-sectional shape in an axial cross-sectional view, and are assembled in a screw-like configuration. By changing the shapes of a male-thread portion and a female-thread portion, the flow passage area of the first flow passage is changed, the second flow passage and the third flow passage are spirally formed, and heat exchange and reaction take place through the heat transfer bodies.