Abstract: Motor vehicle wheel alignment measuring apparatus, which enables measurement of toe-in, lateral offset and out of square conditions with respect to any given set of tires, comprises pairs of frames adapted to be hung by hooks against the side walls of the exposed tires of a set of tires. A combination of spring and elastic members are provided for engaging the frames with tire sidewalls. Methods include measuring the toe-in of a set of tires, the alignment of all the tires, and vehicle bearing wear, all while the tires are supporting the vehicle.

Abstract: Motor vehicle wheel alignment measuring apparatus, which enables measurement of toe-in, lateral offset and out of square conditions with respect to any given set of tires, comprises pairs of frames adapted to be hung by hooks against the side walls of the exposed tires of a set of tires. Each frame includes a cross bar and a pair of upward and inward extending, short stub members. Each pair of frames includes clamps to secure the free ends of a pair of tape measures, and slots to secure the ends of a pair of elastic bands, so that the tape measures and the elastic bands may be disposed across the width of a vehicle.

Abstract: Programmable motor vehicle steering control apparatus, which enables zero settings of front wheel caster, camber, toe-in and steering axis inclination, comprises left and right pairs of first and second, tangentially loaded helical spring elements and means for connecting the left pair of spring elements between a left front wheel steering arm and tie rod and the right pair of spring elements between a right front wheel steering arm and tie rod. Parallel connecting arms of each second spring element cross so that when either pair of spring elements in push or pull loaded during vehicle turns, the two spring elements in each pair act in opposite, spring coil opening or closing directions. The connecting means includes means for offsetting outboard ends of the spring elements in each pair and preloading means are provided for selectively preloading each of the spring elements.