Abstract: The method of recovering petroleum from a subterranean reservoir preferably comprising the steps of: (1) introducing through an injection well a predetermined amount of a polyalkylene oxide adduct of a fusible, aromatic hydrocarbon soluble synthetic resin which contains between about 4 to about 16 phenolic groups and is a condensate of a substituted phenol and an aldehyde, said condensate resin being further condensed with ethylene oxide and at least one other alkylene oxide containing 3 or 4 carbon atoms and in such amounts that the weight ratio of condensed alkylene oxide moiety to phenolic resin moiety ranges from about 1-to-1 to about 100-to-1 and the weight percentage of ethylene oxide residues to the total of all alkylene oxide residues ranges from about 20% to about 75%; said adduct (a) being soluble in water to the extent of about 1% or more at 25.degree. C. and (b) said 1% solution having a cloud point of less than about 70.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of breaking petroleum emulsions, by utilization of a homogeneous, micellar solution of a water-insoluble thin film spreading agent comprising: (a) from between about 5% and about 75% by weight of a polyether polyol; (b) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of a hydrotropic agent; (c) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of an amphipathic agent; and (d) from between about 15% and about 90% by weight of water.

Abstract: A method of recovering petroleum from a subterranean reservoir preferably comprising the steps of: (1) introducing through an injection well a predeterminable amount of a polyether polyol having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: A is an alkylene oxide group, --C.sub.i H.sub.2i O--;O is oxygen;i is a positive integer from 2 to about 10, inclusive;j is a positive integer no greater than about 100;k is a positive integer no greater than about 100;N is nitrogen;R.sup.1 is one of hydrogen, a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing less than about C.sub.11, or [A.sub.L H];L is a positive integer no greater than about 100;R is a hydrocarbon moiety of a polyol, a primary or secondary amine, a primary or secondary polyamine, a primary or secondary amino alcohol, or hydrogen; andm+n is no greater than about 4 when R is other than hydrogen and one of m and n is zero and the other is unity when R is hydrogen,said polyether polyol at about 25.degree. C.

Abstract: The method of recovering petroleum from a subterranean reservoir a polyepoxide condensate of at least one of: (a) a polyalkylene oxide adduct of a fusible, water-insoluble organic aromatic hydrocarbon solvent-soluble synthetic resin, wherein said resin has from between about 4 to about 15 phenolic groups and is an alkyl or cycloaliphatic substituted phenol-aldehyde condensate and (b) a polyether polyol including polyether amino polyols, said polyepoxide condensate at about 25.degree. C.: (i) being less than about 1% by volume soluble in water and in isooctane; (ii) having a solubility parameter in the range of between about 6.9 and about 8.5; and (iii) spreading at the interface between distilled water and refined mineral oil to form a film having a thickness no greater than about 20 Angstroms at a film pressure of about 16 dynes per cm.

Abstract: The invention provides a homogeneous, micellar solution of a water-insoluble thin film spreading agent comprising polyepoxide condensates of resinous polyalkylene oxide adducts and polyether polyols comprising: (a) from between about 5% and about 75% by weight of said polyepoxide condensate; (b) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of a hydrotropic agent; (c) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of an amphipathic agent; and (d) from between about 15% and about 90% by weight of water.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a homogeneous, micellar solution of a water-insoluble thin film spreading agent comprising polyepoxide condensates of resinous polyalkylene oxide adducts and polyether polyols for the breaking of petroleum emulsions, and the like, the micellar solution comprising: (a) from between about 5% and about 75% by weight of said polyepoxide condensate; (b) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of a hydrotropic agent; (c) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of an amphipathic agent; and (d) from between about 15% and about 90% by weight of water.

Abstract: The invention provides a homogeneous, micellar solution of a water-insoluble thin film spreading agent comprising: (a) from between about 5% and about 75% by weight of a polyether polyol; (b) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of a hydrotropic agent; (c) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of an amphipathic agent; and (d) from between about 15% and about 90% by weight of water.

Abstract: The invention provides a homogeneous, micellar solution of a water-insoluble thin film spreading agent comprising: (a) from between about 5% and about 75% by weight of an acylated polyether polyol; (b) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of a hydrotropic agent; (c) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of an amphipathic agent; and (d) from between about 15% and about 90% by weight of water.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a homogeneous, micellar solution of a water-insoluble thin film spreading agent for the breaking of petroleum emulsions, and the like, comprising: (a) from between about 5% and about 75% by weight of an acylated polyether polyol; (b) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of a hydrotropic agent; (c) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of an amphipathic agent; and (d) from between about 15% and about 90% by weight of water.

Abstract: The method of recovering petroleum from a subterranean reservoir an acylated polyether polyol, the polyether polyol thereof being derived from the reaction of an alkylene oxide and a member selected from polyols, amines, polyamines and amino alcohols containing from about 2 to about 10 active hydrogens, said acylated polyether polyol being the reaction product of said polyether polyol and a member selected from the class consisting of mono- and polybasic carboxylic acids, acid anhydrides, and iso-, diiso-, and polyisocyanates, said acylated polyether polyol at about 25.degree. C.: (a) being less than about 1% by volume soluble in water and in isooctane; (b) having a solubility parameter in the range of between about 6.9 and about 8.5; and (c) spreading at the interface between distilled water and refined mineral oil to form a film having a thickness no greater than about 20 Angstroms at a spreading pressure of about 16 dynes per cm.

Abstract: The invention provides a homogeneous, micellar solution of a water-insoluble thin film spreading agent, comprising: (a) from between about 5% and about 75% by weight of resinous polyalkylene oxide adducts; (b) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of a hydrotropic agent; (c) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of an amphipathic agent; and (d) from between about 15% and about 90% by weight of water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of breaking petroleum emulsions by utilization of a micellar solution of a water-insoluble thin film spreading agent, comprising: (a) from between about 5% and about 75% by weight of resinous polyalkylene oxide adducts; (b) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of a hydrotropic agent; (c) from between about 2% and about 30% by weight of an amphipathic agent; and (d) from between about 15% and about 90% by weight of water.

Abstract: The method of recovering petroleum from a subterranean reservoir preferably comprising the steps of: (1) introducing through an injection well a predeterminable amount of a polyalkylene oxide adduct of a fusible, water-insoluble organic aromatic hydrocarbon solvent-soluble synthetic resin, wherein said resin has from between about 4 to about 15 phenolic groups and is an alkyl or cycloaliphatic substituted phenol-aldehyde condensate of an ortho- or para-substituted phenol and an aldehyde, said condensate resin being thereafter further condensed with an alkylene oxide containing less than about five carbon atoms in an amount equal to at least one mole of alkylene oxide per phenolic moiety of said resin, said condensation product at about 25.degree. C.: (a) being less than about 1% by volume soluble in water and in isooctane; (b) having a solubility parameter in the range of between about 6.9 and about 8.

Abstract: Amino-phosphonates typified by the general formula R--C(PO(OH).sub.2).sub.2 NH.sub.2 are prepared by reacting phosphorous acid with nitriles at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: The method of recovering petroleum from a subterranean reservoir preferably comprising the steps of: (1) introducing through an injection well a predeterminable amount of an acylated polyether polyol, the polyether polyol thereof having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: A is an alkylene oxide group, --C.sub.i H.sub.2i O--;O is oxygen;i is a positive integer no greater than about 10;j is a positive integer no greater than about 100;k is a positive integer no greater than about 100;N is nitrogen;R.sup.1 is one of hydrogen, a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing less than about C.sub.11, or [A.sub.

Abstract: The life of acrolein in an aqueous medium is increased by incorporation into the aqueous medium of an effective amount of an acid preferably selected from the class consisting of: (1) H.sub.x A.sub.y, wherein H is hydrogen, A is an inorganic radical, and x and y each are positive integers whereby H and A are valence balanced; (2) RA, wherein R is one of hydrogen, an alkyl or an aryl group, and A is one of CO.sub.2 H, OPO.sub.3 H.sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, OSO.sub.3 H, and SO.sub.3 H; and (3) ##STR1## wherein N is zero or a positive integer from one through three, M is a positive integer of at least one, and A is a member selected from the class consisting of CO.sub.2 H, OPO.sub.3 H.sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, OSO.sub.3 H, and SO.sub.3 H.

Abstract: The life of acrolein in an aqueous medium is increased by incorporation into the aqueous medium of an effective amount of a buffered acid preferably selected from the class consisting of: (1) H.sub.x A.sub.y, wherein H is hydrogen, A is an inorganic radical, and x and y each are positive integers whereby H and A are valence balanced; (2) RA, wherein R is one of hydrogen, an alkyl or an aryl group, and A is one of CO.sub.2 H, OPO.sub.3 H.sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, OSO.sub.3 H, and SO.sub.3 H; and (3) ##STR1## wherein N is zero or a positive integer from one through three, M is a positive integer of at least one, and A is a member selected from the class consisting of CO.sub.2 H, OPO.sub.3 H.sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, OSO.sub.3 H, and SO.sub.3 H.

Abstract: Space heaters employing an omnidirectional infrared radiant burner are disclosed. Cylindrical in shape, the radiant burner includes an inner cylindrical mantle comprised of three concentric fine-mesh grids which are formed from flat mesh stock. The outer of the mantle grids has a seam which is bonded to form a continuous cylinder, while the inner grids each have the shape of a split O with an open break line therein. The inner two concentric mantle grids are inserted inside the outer bonded grid, which retains them against their tendency to spring outwardly. Concentrically outward from the mantle is a larger mesh outer grid defining a radiant element, both the mantle and outer grid being retained by a pair of end caps having inner and outer annular flanges. In the lower end cap is an inlet opening for air and fuel and across the opening is a very fine mesh grid which causes turbulence and insures proper mixing of the air and fuel. The two opposed end caps are retained together by axially extending pins.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing solid tires from tubular rim bands is disclosed. A transverse cut is first made through the annular rubber tire, then the tubular rim band is heated at its inside surface to a temperature high enough to break the bond between the tire and the outer surface of the band. Also disclosed is an apparatus utilizing gas-fired infrared heat to effect the heating of the rim band.

Abstract: The method comprises employing electrical contact resistance to sense whether or not there is incipient precipitation of adherent scale, paraffin wax, etc., on surfaces immersed in various liquids. The method is surprisingly sensitive, and otherwise effective, even when the liquids are electrically conductive. The method further comprises performing certain steps relative to the submerged surfaces, and/or relative to the liquids, in order to control precipitate formation. The selection of polarity, materials, etc., is caused to be such that sensitivity is maximized, and electrolytic dissolution of the submerged elements is minimized.