Abstract: An apparatus is adapted for implementing a method of creating a data chain, which can be cryptographically proven to contain valid data. The method includes creating a data chain with no elements, validating the data chain for nodes before accepting the data chain, verifying the size of close group to add the data chain, adding a data block to the data chain, removing old copies of entries from the data chain only if a chained consensus would not be broken, else maintaining the entry and marking it as deleted, validating a majority of pre-existing nodes and validating a signature of the data chain via the data chain of signed elements. The apparatus is operable to support a data communication system and provides a technical effect of making a data processing system robust against data corruption, data loss, failure in data communication synchronization and similar practical operational issues.

Abstract: An apparatus is adapted for implementing a method of creating a data chain, which can be cryptographically proven to contain valid data. The method includes creating a data chain with no elements, validating the data chain for nodes before accepting the data chain, verifying the size of close group to add the data chain, adding a data block to the data chain, removing old copies of entries from the data chain only if a chained consensus would not be broken, else maintaining the entry and marking it as deleted, validating a majority of pre-existing nodes and validating a signature of the data chain via the data chain of signed elements. The apparatus is operable to support a data communication system and provides a technical effect of making a data processing system robust against data corruption, data loss, failure in data communication synchronization and similar practical operational issues.

Abstract: This invention is a network that is defined by its novel approach to privacy, security and freedom for its users. Privacy by allowing access anonymously, security by encrypting and obfuscating resources and freedom by allowing users to anonymously and irrefutably be seen as genuine individuals on the network and to communicate with other users with total security and to securely access resources that are both their own and those that are shared by others with them. The functional mechanisms that this invention provides will restore open communications and worry-free access in a manner that is very difficult to infect with viruses or cripple through denial of service attacks and spam messaging, plus, it will provide a foundation where vendor lock-in need not be an issue.