Abstract: The body of a rail vehicle is lowered when it is stationary to facilitate ingress and egress. The body is raised in preparation for motion to provide satisfactory road clearance. In one embodiment of the invention, a lifting cylinder, in series with a supplementary spring, is extended during travel, and is contracted when the rail vehicle is stopped. In other embodiments, a hydraulic cylinder, either alongside, or coaxial with the supplementary spring, compresses the supplementary spring when the rail vehicle is stopped. In a further embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder is replaced with an electromechanical adjusting element such as a screw drive. A control system, preferably actuated by unlocking and locking of the door opening lock, actuates the lowering and raising of the body.

Abstract: A bogie for rail vehicles, in particular a driven bogie, with a bogie frame, includes two or more wheelset units each of which comprises at least one drive unit and/or brake unit. The wheeset units are connected with the bogie frame via a primary suspension. A secondary suspension connects a vehicle body with the bogie frame. A rigid connecting link extends from at least one of the wheelset units for connecting the bogie to the vehicle body. The rigid connecting link is coupled to the wheelset unit at its virtual center of rotation. Where practical, the center of rotation and the center of mass are coincident to minimize the moment of inertia of the wheelset units.

Abstract: Rail vehicle with at least two car bodies wherein at or near their connecting point a truck is provided which carries both car bodies, wherein furthermore an intermediate link is arranged between the car bodies, and one car body is rotatably mounted at the intermediate link about a lateral axis, and the other car body is rotatably mounted at the intermediate link about a vertical axis.

Abstract: In a bogie for rail vehicles, in particular a driven bogie, with a bogie frame, two or more wheelset units which may comprise at least one drive unit and/or brake unit, connected with the bogie frame via a primary suspension, and a secondary suspension for connecting a vehicle body with the bogie frame, a rigid connecting link extends from at least one of the wheelset units for connecting the bogie to the vehicle body. The rigid connecting link is coupled to the wheelset unit at its inertial pole or center of mass.

Abstract: In a railway vehicle with a secondary spring arrangement acting between the chassis and the vehicle body which generates a continuously increasing restoring moment at a relative inclination between the two units until the maximum permissible angle of roll is reached, according to the invention a permissible limitation of the angle of roll is achieved without any adverse effect on the derailing limit and ride comfort on straights in a structurally simple and reliable manner, in that the spring arrangement is comparatively soft and there is a passively acting supplementary spring with a limited range of rotation (rotation play coupling) connected in parallel to the spring arrangement, which operates virtually without restoring moment in a partial range of slight roll angle movements, and at greater deviations of the roll angle within the permissible range, generates a steeply increasing restoring moment which is many times greater than that of the spring arrangement at the maximum permissible angle of body roll

Abstract: A folding staircase for track-bound vehicles comprises a base ladder part, movably carried in the vehicle, and a swinging ladder part hingedly carried by the base ladder part. The base ladder part is movable between a stowed position and an extended position whereat it extends from the vehicle generally in the direction of travel. The swinging ladder part is rotatable between a first position, whereat it overlies the base ladder part, and a second position, whereat it extends from the distal end of the base ladder part to the track. Devices are provided for displacing the base ladder portion from the stowed position to the extended position and for displacing the swinging ladder part from the first position to the second position.