Abstract: A method for engine braking of an engine which has at least one exhaust-gas turbocharger with an exhaust-gas turbine acted on by an exhaust-gas flow and a charge air compressor. A device for throttling exhaust-gas flow is arranged between exhaust outlet valves and the exhaust-gas turbocharger, and a bypass line conducts the exhaust-gas flow past the throttling device, the exhaust-gas flow being conducted through the at least one bypass line to a turbine wheel of the exhaust-gas turbine. An exhaust gas counter-pressure and a charge air pressure are measured. Based on the measurement, an optimum position of the throttling device to obtain a predetermined braking action is determined. The exhaust-gas counter-pressure and the charge air pressure are subsequently controlled by adjusting the throttling device corresponding to the determination of the optimum position of the throttling device.

Abstract: In a commercial vehicle with an internal combustion engine, a muffler in the exhaust gas system, and a heat recovery system, including a medium-containing circuit having at least one pump, an evaporator, an expander, and a condenser, the evaporator present in the medium-containing circuit of the heat recovery system is placed so that the evaporator is integrated into the muffler, where it either is installed in the tailpipe or partially replaces it, or is attached externally to the muffler, and an end section of the tailpipe, or is integrated into the tailpipe, which extends from the muffler and proceeds vertically upward behind the driver's cab, the evaporator being either installed in the tailpipe or partially replacing it, or is integrated into a muffler, which is installed in an exhaust pipe proceeding vertically upward behind the driver's cab.

Abstract: A gas exchange valve arrangement, especially for an internal combustion engine, with a valve head, which is mounted on a valve body. The valve body can be moved in a straight line in either of two opposite directions by an actuating element, which can be moved in either of the two directions of movement such that, as a result of a movement of the actuating element in at least one direction, the valve body is caused to move in the same direction. The actuating element comprises a piston, which can be moved relative to a space by a fluid medium. The space comprises a feed opening for the fluid medium, and the gas exchange valve arrangement includes a throttle device, which at least temporarily throttles the movement of the actuating element in at least one direction of its movement.

Abstract: An arrangement for aftertreatment of exhaust gas for lean-burn internal combustion engines such as diesel engines and Otto engines with direct injection includes a catalyzer for oxidation of nitrogen monoxide and a molecular sieve which keeps sulfur dioxide away from the catalyzer arranged upstream of the catalyzer.

Abstract: A method and to a device for the regeneration of a particle arranged in the exhaust gas train of an internal combustion engine. An exhaust gas stream to be cleaned is supplied to the at least one particle filter. At least in a regeneration mode, a predetermined amount of an exhaust gas stream to be heated is branched off from the exhaust gas stream upstream of an exhaust gas turbine of an exhaust gas turbocharger which branched-off stream, after it has been heated by a heater is mixed in the form of a heated exhaust gas stream at a point upstream of the at least one particle filter back into the residual gas stream which is coming from the exhaust gas turbine and which is at a lower temperature than that of the other stream.

Abstract: A piston and a reciprocating expansion engine with a piston having a piston head, a piston neck, and a piston shaft are described. The piston head has at least one groove which runs in a circumferential direction suitable for receiving a piston ring, and the piston shaft has a pin boss and, at its outer circumference, a guide surface which is suitable for guiding the piston along a cylinder inner wall. An outer diameter of the piston neck is smaller than an outer diameter of the piston head and/or of the piston shaft, and the length of the piston neck approximately corresponds to the travel of the piston in the installed state.

Abstract: A cooling circuit and an independent heat recovery circuit are associated with an internal combustion engine. A coolant is circulated a pump in a first and a second cooling sub-circuit. An increase in pressure in a work medium is achieved within the heat recovery circuit by a pump. This work medium is changed from liquid aggregate state to vaporous aggregate state and back to the liquid aggregate state in heat exchangers. This work medium is divided after the pump into two parallel partial flows and is changed into vaporous state in a first parallel branch in an EGR heat exchanger through which recycle exhaust gas flows and in a second parallel branch in an exhaust gas heat exchanger through flow exhaust gas downstream of the low-pressure turbine flows. This vaporous work medium is then fed to an expander and is then conducted through a cooled condenser and, liquefied again.

Abstract: An arrangement for aftertreatment of exhaust gas for lean-burn internal combustion engines such as diesel engines and Otto engines with direct injection has a NOx storage catalyzer installed in the exhaust gas train for reducing nitrogen oxides and at which nitrogen oxides are stored in lean operating phases and these stored nitrogen oxides are reduced in rich operating phases. At least one molecular sieve which keeps sulfur dioxide away from the at least one NOx storage catalyzer is arranged upstream of the NOx storage catalyzer.

Abstract: The use of polyoxymethylene di(alkyl polyglycol) ethers of the general formula RO(CH2CH2O)n(CH2O)m(CH2CH2O)nR is described, wherein R is an alkyl radical, n is ?3 and m is ?6, as additives to diesel fuels to reduce the particulate emission in self-ignition engines.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a device for converting exhaust gas constituents of an internal combustion engine by means of at least one catalyzer and/or particle filter and/or particle separator and for compensating relative movements between the internal combustion engine and the exhaust gas train and/or relative movements between different parts of the exhaust gas train by means of at least one compensator permitting relative movements. The at least one catalyzer for converting exhaust gas constituents and/or the at least one particle filter and/or the at least one particle separator are/is arranged inside the compensator and or inside the part of the exhaust gas train that is permanently connected to the compensator. The outer diameter of the catalyzer and/or of the particle filter and/or of the particle separator is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the compensator.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes an exhaust valve for removing exhaust gas from a combustion chamber and an engine braking device with a hydraulic valve control unit by which the exhaust valve is held in an intermediate open position when the engine braking device is actuated. The internal combustion engine includes a hydraulic valve lash compensation mechanism for the exhaust valve and a control channel formed between the hydraulic valve control unit and an oil feed channel for feeding oil to the hydraulic valve control unit which can be closed by a closure element to compensate for valve lash of the exhaust valve. A counter-holder is constructed as a piston-cylinder unit that forms a variable stop for a valve bridge cooperating with the valve lash compensation mechanism.

Abstract: A fastening assembly fastens at least one component part to a vehicle frame. The vehicle frame includes a first, preferably closed cross-sectional profile. At least one carrier for a fastening device includes a second cross-sectional profile. The carrier extends from a first internal surface of the vehicle frame to at least a second internal surface of the vehicle frame and provides an opening for carrying the fastening device. An off-road utility vehicle having at least one fastening assembly is also provided.

Abstract: An oil sump for use in internal combustion engines or transmissions, where the oil sump consists of sheet metal shaped by deep drawing and has a reinforced edge, by means of which it rests, in its mounted state, in the internal combustion engine or the transmission with a seal positioned between them. The reinforcement consists of at least one separate metal part, which is mounted on the edge of the oil sump by positive locking and/or nonpositive locking with deformation of the edge of the oil sump.

Abstract: A particle separator for the separation of particles from the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine. The particle separator includes different heat transfer zones arranged at least in the main flow direction of an exhaust gas stream through the particle separator, different, that is, with respect to heat storage capacity and/or thermal conductivity and/or the heat-transfer properties from the exhaust gas stream to the particle separator. Each of these different zones makes it possible for a precisely defined amount of heat to be transferred from the exhaust gas stream to the individually assigned sections of the particle separator.

Abstract: A method for engine braking of an engine operating preferably on the diesel principle. Here, the engine has at least one exhaust-gas turbocharger having an exhaust-gas turbine acted on by an exhaust-gas flow and having a charge air compressor, which exhaust-gas turbine and charge air compressor are arranged on a common shaft. The engine also has an exhaust manifold which conducts the exhaust-gas flow from outlet valves of the engine to the exhaust-gas turbocharger, and has a device for throttling the exhaust-gas flow arranged between the outlet valves and the exhaust-gas turbocharger, and also has at least one bypass line for conducting the exhaust-gas flow past the throttling device, the exhaust-gas flow being conducted through the at least one bypass line to a turbine wheel of the exhaust-gas turbine, the exhaust-gas flow being throttled and a pressure increase in the exhaust gas thus being generated upstream of the device for throttling the exhaust-gas flow.

Abstract: A method for engine braking of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine of a vehicle, which is preferably an engine operating on the diesel principle. The engine has at least one exhaust-gas turbocharger with an exhaust-gas turbine and a charge air compressor, and an exhaust manifold which supplies the exhaust-gas flow from outlet valves of the engine to the exhaust-gas turbocharger. A throttle device is connected between the outlet valves and the turbocharger for throttling the exhaust-gas flow and causing a pressure increase in the exhaust gas for engine braking upstream. An exhaust-gas counter-pressure and a charge air pressure are measured and, based on the measurement, a position of the throttle device can be determined to obtain a predetermined braking action. Then the exhaust-gas counter-pressure and the charge air pressure are closed-loop controlled by adjusting the throttle device corresponding to the previously determined position of the throttle device.

Abstract: A seat comprising a component that is cushioned on one side and is disposed on a seat base. A pivot/rotation mechanism is operatively connected to the seat base and the component for displacing the component, in a positively guided manner, in a position into which the cushion side faces downwardly, and in which at least one further auxiliary utility is accessible.

Abstract: A method of operating a piston expander, including introducing live steam into a cylinder space via an inlet valve; expanding the live steam during a power stroke in which a piston moves from an upper dead center position to a lower dead center position; opening an outlet opening as soon as the piston is in the region of the lower dead center position; after the piston reaches the lower dead center position, conveying the expanded steam out of the outlet opening and into a steam discharge; and subsequently closing the outlet opening before the piston in an exhaust stroke reaches the lower dead center position.

Abstract: The use of polyoxymethylene di(alkyl polyglycol) ethers of the general formula RO(CH2CH2O)n(CH2O)n(CH2CH2O)nR is described, wherein R is an alkyl radical, n is ?3 and m is ?6, as additives to diesel fuels to reduce the particulate emission in self-ignition engines,

Abstract: A lamellar graphite cast iron alloy is described which, as additives, has 2.80% by weight-3.60% by weight carbon (C), 1.00% by weight-1.70% by weight silicon (Si), 0.10% by weight-1.20% by weight manganese (Mn), 0.03% by weight-0.15% by weight sulphur (S), 0.05% by weight-0.30% by weight chromium (Cr), 0.05% by weight-0.30% by weight molybdenum (Mo), 0.05% by weight-0.20% by weight tin (Sn) and the usual impurities, and also described is a cylinder head which can be obtained therefrom.