Abstract: A magnetic circuit comprising a fixed core, yokes having flat portions in parallel planes, and an armature comprising a permanent magnet provided with pole pieces having end portions projecting on either side of the magnet, a flat portion of a first one of said yokes penetrating into the space between two end portions of the pole pieces located on one side of the magnet axis, the air gap surfaces of said yokes and of said pole pieces extending normally to the magnet axis and, one the other side thereof, at least one projecting end portion of said pole pieces penetrating between two flat portions of second and third yokes carried by a same free end of the core. Such a magnetic circuit is suitable for monostable or bistable operation in relays, contactors or solenoid valves.

Abstract: An electro-magnet comprising a stationary system having a coil, a core and tationary flux-conductive yokes and with one part movable in longitudinal translation, comprising one permanent magnet whose magentizing axis is perpendicular to the moving direction of said movable part and two flux-conductive armatures secured to each pole face of said magnet in perpendicular relationship to said magnetizing axis, one of said flux-conductive armatures is so bent and/or shaped as to define, two air-gap regions arranged on either side of said magnetizing axis, whereas two yoke ends parallel to said magnetizing axis are placed in said air-gap regions.