Abstract: A horizontal water reservoir pipe includes plant support riser pipes spaced along its length, each of which contain a growing medium in a mesh tube, extending into the water in the water pipe. The riser pipes are corrugated and provide air circulation from the atmosphere along the corrugations and between the mesh tube and the riser pipe. The growing medium may be Hasselfors peat or any other medium which has large and small pores with enough pores of large enough size to limit the saturation capillary fringe from the water table to a small fraction of the height of the growing medium and enough pores of small enough size to hold sufficient moisture in the root zone to provide abundant water for seed and plant growth. The growing medium is in communication with the atmosphere to provide for continuous entry of oxygen and escape of carbon dioxide to provide abundant oxygen for seed and plant growth.

Abstract: A material having high water absorption and retention capacity is placed in a water impermeable trench beneath a top coversoil and water is supplied to the material for being transmitted by capillary action to the top soil. The material may be vitera. The roots of plants having varying water requirements will grow to whatever depth is appropriate for their needs.

Abstract: An organic growing medium for plants or seeds placed in standing water is exposed to humid air over its substantial outer side surface thereby making air available to plant roots. The growing medium may be in a pot having porous sidewalls which allows air to be admitted into the pot or air openings may be formed in the pot sidewalls. The pot may further sit in a container wherein an air passageway is formed between the container and the pot to provide humid air around the growing medium. Alternately, the growing medium may be spaced from the container wall having air openings and an air chamber is formed between the growing medium and the container wall. A plant or seed may be placed in a growing medium centrally located of alternate air chambers and growing mediums formed by pairs of spaced apart walls having air openings therein allowing air to communicate to the growing medium and to allow the plant roots to grow from one growing medium into an air chamber and thence into the next growing medium.