Abstract: A bumper beam includes two tubular bodies formed by tube hydroforming that extend left and right. The tubular bodies are joined to each other in a parallel state. The tubular bodies each have a rectangular vertical cross-section shape including top and bottom and front and rear sides. The tubular bodies are disposed in a line from top to bottom, and opposing surfaces thereof are joined together across the entire length in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A framing structure around a vehicle door opening has a hydraulically tube-formed tubular framework disposed inside the vehicle door opening to form a basic framing. The outer panel and the tubular framework are joined directly together by welding. The inner side of the tubular framework is an inner wall within the vehicle. The outer side of the tubular framework, facing the outer panel, is a stiffening wall. The stiffening wall is hidden within a closed space between the outer panel and the inner wall.

Abstract: A framing structure around a vehicle door opening has a hydraulically tube-formed tubular framework disposed inside the vehicle door opening to form a basic framing. The outer panel and the tubular framework are joined directly together by welding. The inner side of the tubular framework is an inner wall within the vehicle. The outer side of the tubular framework, facing the outer panel, is a stiffening wall. The stiffening wall is hidden within a closed space between the outer panel and the inner wall.

Abstract: Hollow closed-sectional elongate member is provided by bending a plastic strip widthwise. The closed-sectional elongate member has a crimped joint section provided on any one of its walls. The crimped joint section is formed by crimping together opposite longitudinal edge portions of the strip as the strip is bent widthwise. The crimped joint section extends along the length of the closed-sectional elongate member and thus functions as a rib reinforcing the rigidity of the elongate member. The closed-sectional elongate member is also curved along its longitudinal direction, to provide a closed-sectional curved elongate member.