Abstract: An autoclave for pressure and temperature treatment of objects includes a pressure container having a pressure resistant wall which encloses a pressure chamber for receiving the objects to be treated, the pressure chamber having a free inner diameter of at least 1.5 m; and a heat source for heating the objects received in the pressure chamber, the heat source including a plurality of microwave sources irradiating microwave radiation, which are arranged outside the pressure container. The microwave sources are distributed over the pressure resistant wall at an areal density of at least 4 microwave sources per square meter surface area of the pressure resistant wall; and the microwave radiation irradiated by the microwave sources is coupled through the pressure resistant wall into the pressure chamber.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for determining the position of elongated objects such as insulated cable, tubing, and the like, with respect to a reference axis, for example, that of a vulcanizing tube in which a localized magnetic alternating field is produced around a specified section of the object and the intensity of the magnetic field produced by the current induced in the object is diametrically measured at a distance from this section. A signal proportional to the sum of measured field intensities is used to regulate the field strength of the localized magnetic field so that a signal proportional to the difference of the measured field intensities becomes an indication of the absolute position of the object with respect to the reference axis.

Abstract: A vulcanizing device in which a member is enclosed in an extruder device and the enclosed member is vulcanized at a predetermined pressure in a vulcanizing tube connected to the extruder device, wherein the vulcanizing tube is placed at a distance from the extrusion device, a sealing device is positioned directly before and coaxially to the vulcanizing tube, the length of the sealing device being less than the said distance, the sealing device contains a sealing housing, whose interior has spaced radial guiding elements which have coaxial openings for the passage of the enclosed member and divide the interior of the sealing housing into individual chambers lying axially behind each other, the sealing housing has an inlet opening between the ends, which is connected as a locking medium to a source, of which the pressure is arranged to be somewhat higher than the pressure in the vulcanizing tube, and the chambers are connected to outlet openings in the sealing housing, which are connected to throttled discharge