Abstract: Phosphorus-free, low ash and light ash motor oils containing no metal DTP's, halogens or hazardous substances are disclosed. The phosphorus-free, low ash formulations may be prepared either as a lubricating oil or as a concentrated additive for a lubricating oil. Additionally, light ash motor oils containing no metal DTP, halogens or hazardous substances are disclosed. The light ash formulations may be prepared either as a lubricating oil or as a concentrated additive for a lubricating oil. The use of both the oils and the concentrated additives results in superior price and performance qualities compared to the leading commercial brands.