Abstract: A magnetoresistive head includes a magnetoresistive element and a for-bias soft magnetic film attached to the magnetoresistive element via a spacer. The for-bias soft magnetic film has an axis of easy magnetization which is set to be non-perpendicular to a direction of a bias magnetic field applied to the for-bias soft magnetic film. The bias magnetic field is generated by a sense current flowing in the magnetoresistive element. With this structure, the for-bias soft magnetic film can be easily magnetically saturated so that a reliable characteristic of the magnetoresistive head is ensured. The axis of easy magnetization of the for-bias soft magnetic film may be inclined to the direction of the bias magnetic field by an angle of equal to or less than 60 degrees. Alternatively, the axis of easy magnetization of the for-bias soft magnetic film may be inclined to the direction of the bias magnetic field by an angle of equal to or less than 15 degrees.

Abstract: A superconducting junction device which is easily manufactured, multifunctional, and utilizes the superconducting Josephson effects is described. A first junction (Josephson junction) and a second junction (Josephson junction) are disposed o a substrate across a coupling portion of a dielectric. The first junction comprises a first upper electrode, a first barrier layer and a first lower electrode. The second junction comprises a second upper electrode, a second barrier layer and a second lower electrode. The first lower electrode and the second lower electrode are connected in series via a connecting electrode. A superconducting reflecting wall which is connected via the connecting electrode is provided around the two Josephson junctions including the coupling portion.

Abstract: The separation of a lower mold from an upper mold in an injection molding machine is either temporarily paused or carried out at a lower speed so as to maintain deformation of a thin component within a permissible range, while a jet of air is applied to help remove the thin component from the upper mold. Also, the ejecting operation of the thin component is either temporarily paused or carried out at a lower speed before the deformation of the thin component exceeds the permissible limit while a jet of air is applied to help remove the thin component from the lower mold.

Abstract: N signals are transmitted from each of N transmitting units to a receiving unit every signal transmission cycle (N.gtoreq.2). In this case, N signal transmitting periods of N I-th signals and (N-1) I-th transmission short pausing periods for each of the I-th transmitting units are alternately placed in each of I-th signal grouping periods (1.ltoreq.I.ltoreq.N), and an I-th transmission long pausing period follows each of the I-th signal grouping periods to set one signal transmission cycle composed of one I-th signal grouping period and one I-th transmission long pausing period for each of the I-th transmitting unit. A time length of each first transmission short pausing period is equal to that of the signal transmitting period, a time length of each I-th transmission short pausing period is (2N+2I-5) times as long as that of the signal transmitting period, and a time length of the signal transmission cycle is 4N(N-1) times as long as the signal transmitting period.

Abstract: The present invention makes it possible to achieve restoration of decoding processing more intricately in comparison with commonly-used techniques. The present invention increases post-restoration data reliability and is applicable to real-time decoding processing. A variable length code converter of the present invention provides an abnormal code detection signal when a bit-string subjected to conversion corresponds to none of variable length codes that belong in predetermined coding systems. At this time, a controller provides an error signal, and according to the error signal a bit-string is continuously output from a memory which stores bit-strings to be decoded. When the controller detects a header indicative of data partition from an output bit-string of the memory, it cancels the error signal. As a result, bit-string decoding resumes after the detected header.

Abstract: An elastic polishing pad is adhered to a surface of a flat substrate holder of a platen. A substrate holding head which holds and rotates a semiconductor substrate is provided above a first region extending from the central portion to peripheral portion of the polishing pad. The semiconductor substrate rotated by the substrate holding head is pressed against the first region of the polishing pad. A slurry is dropped in a prescribed amount from an abrasive supply pipe onto the polishing pad. Pad pressing means for pressing the polishing pad is provided above a second region extending from the central portion to peripheral portion of the platen. The pad pressing means has a disk-shaped pad pressing plate and a rotary shaft for holding the pad pressing plate.

Abstract: A casing for an audiovisual equipment presents outer appearance giving the impression of integrating a hole area formed of a plurality of sound transmitting fine holes with the casing, thereby making the hole area unnoticeable. This allows a viewer to easily concentrate on the screen by eliminating anything noticeable and distracting from the area surrounding the screen, and also gives the outside of the casing a luxurious appearance. In order to make the hole area unnoticeable, maintain good volume and quality of sound from the speaker, and arrange the diameter .o slashed.d mm of the tapered fine holes to be practically the smallest, the relationship between the diameter .o slashed.d mm and the thickness T mm of the casing must be expressed by the following formula: (1/6).times.T mm.ltoreq..o slashed.d mm .apprxeq.0.5 mm. When the fine holes are formed to be straight, the relationship between the diameter .o slashed.ds mm and the thickness t mm of the casing must be expressed by the following formula: (1/5).

Abstract: A cordless telephone is composed of a base unit connected to a telephone line and a handset unit capable of radio communications with the base unit. When the handset unit or the base unit initially transmits radio waves for forming a radio link, a channel is selected from a group of channels through which transmission is permitted irrespective of their electric field states, and the radio waves are transmitted through the selected channel. After the radio link has been formed, a speech channel is selected from all channels through which transmission is permitted. In this way, when the base unit or the handset unit initially transmits control data, the transmission is immediately carried out irrespective of an electric field state on the selected channel, whereby the radio link can be established in a reduced time. Further, when a speech communication is started, 15 channels additionally provided by the revised standard can be effectively utilized.

Abstract: A chemically adsorbed multilayer film is formed through the process of replacing a halogen atom on the surface of a chemically adsorbed film with an alkaline metal or changing the halogen atom to a Grignard group by Grignard reaction. This manufacturing method does not disrupt the molecules of the chemically adsorbed film, is easy to perform, low in cost and is safe. After replacing the halogen (for example, Br) on the surface of the film with an alkaline metal such as Li, a condensation reaction including a dealkalihalide reaction is promoted by contacting the chemically adsorbed film with an adsorbent, such as a chemical adsorbent--containing a halosilane group at one end of a molecule--dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent. A chemically adsorbed multilayer film is then formed by reacting the chemically adsorbed film with chemical absorption composition and with water after removing unreacted adsorbents using a nonaqueous solution.

Abstract: A reactive gas is introduced into a vacuum chamber by a gas controller so that a plasma is generated in a plasma generation region. Subsequently, high-frequency power from a high-frequency power source is applied to a sample stage in the vacuum chamber so that ions in the plasma are made incident upon the sample stage, thereby performing dry etching with respect to a sample on the sample stage. In main etching, a value of (pressure of reactive gas)/(frequency of high-frequency power) is reduced so as to reduce a scattering probability, which is the probability of ions being scattered in collision with neutral particles in a sheath region, thereby increasing the energy of ion fluxes and making the incidence directions of the ion fluxes perpendicular to a surface of the sample stage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrolyte for use in electronic components and electrolytic capacitors in which said electrolyte is used; including as a solute, a quaternary salt of a compound having a N,N,N'-substituted amidine group, such as 1-methylimidazole, 1-methylbenzoimidazole, 1,2-dimethylimidazoline, 1,2-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin e, 1,8-diazabicyclo?5.4.0!undecene-7,1,5-diazabicyclo ?4.3.0!nonene-5 and the like. The electronic components such as electrolytic capacitors and electrochromic display devices, using this electrolyte, have an excellent thermostability, high specific conductivity, and do not degrade or corrode metal, resin or rubber.

Abstract: In a control unit, when a digital input audio signal level is equal to and beyond the first given level at a first time, a delay counter starts the counting operation, and when the digital audio signal level is equal to and beyond the second given level at a second time, an inherent delay time is obtained by calculating the difference between the first and second times, wherein the time difference is compared to the predetermined delay time of a delay memory unit to obtain a time lapse, so that a start ID is recorded at a third time decided by the time lapse after the second time, and thus the start ID signal is recorded at an appropriate position coincident with the starting head of the digital audio signal, thereby realizing a high speed search thereof without an omission of a head portion of the digital audio signal when the digital audio signal is reproduced.

Abstract: A division code is added to both ends of a group of pieces of data registered in an item of a data record L and between each pair of adjacent data, so that a piece of code-added data is produced. Thereafter, a character chain pattern (C1,C2) of each pair of adjacent characters C1 and C2 in the code-added data is prepared, an occurrence frequency Fi of each character Ci in each piece of data H is calculated, and character chain information (F1,F2,H,L) corresponding to each character chain pattern (C1,C2) is prepared. Therefore, a index file in which pieces of character chain information prepared for the same item of a plurality of data records are listed is prepared. When a keyword is input by a user, the division code is added to both ends of the keyword to produce a code-added keyword, and a series of keyword character chain patterns is prepared from the code-added keyword in the same manner.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a dielectric device including a capacitor, a pyroelectric infrared detector, and the like is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of etching a dielectric substance film formed on a substrate to form a predetermined pattern with an etchant comprised of hydrofluoric acid and an oxidizing agent, and removing residues resulting from the etching by treating the etched layer with a first treating solution containing a reducing agent and subsequently with a second treating solution containing an acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a line filter that is characterized by suppressing magnetic adverse effects inflicted on other components due to leakage magnetic fluxes from the closed magnetic circuit core used in the line filter and at the same time preventing noises from infiltrating into the closed magnetic circuit core. The line filter comprises a synthetic resin made bobbin (5) having flanges (2) on its both ends and a through hole (20) along its axis, a square shaped closed magnetic circuit core (1) with one of its magnetic legs inserted in the through hole (20) of the bobbin (5), windings (6) wound between both flanges (2) of the bobbin (5) in the direction perpendicular to the bobbin's axis, metal terminals (9) embedded in the flanges (2) and connected with the windings (6) and a wobbling preventive means to prevent the closed magnetic circuit core from wobbling.

Abstract: An electrode of the present invention comprises a complex of at least one organic disulfide compound and at least one copper ion. The electrode maintains a high charging and discharging efficiency and has favorable charge and discharge cycle characteristic without losing a high energy density that is characteristic of the organic disulfide compound.

Abstract: A rigidity checking method and apparatus is presented. A composite feature vector is first generated by combining three pairs of coordinates obtained for a feature point of a target object from three pictures of the target object. A covariance matrix of the compound feature vector is calculated by finding a product of a variance matrix comprising a variance of each element of the compound feature vector and the transposed matrix of the variance matrix. The rigidity of the target object is calculated by using the element of the covariance matrix and compared with a predetermined threshold to determine whether the target object is a rigid body. Thus, a rigidity checking is directly achieved from the joint distribution of feature points in the three pictures without assuming the coefficients of a set of constraint equations.

Abstract: A tray is supported movably relative to a case to enable a second disk to be loaded into and unloaded from a second-disk holding recess. Positioning is performed by using second positioning holes formed through the case and tray. A turntable and a head are inserted through two second opening holes. A second-disk cartridge of thin construction, capable of holding therein the second disk in removable fashion, can be mounted in a recording/reproducing apparatus capable of mounting therein a first-disk cartridge.

Abstract: In a method and a device for mounting an electronic component, a solder paste is printed on lands of a substrate with the use of a mask having a projecting part at a portion facing the substrate and positioned to between neighboring lands, and the projecting part prevents the solder paste on of the neighboring lands from flowing so as to come in contact with a other of the neighboring land to cause a shortcircuit between the neighboring lands.

Abstract: A multi-layered optical disk comprising a plurality of recording layers accumulated in the thickness direction wherein a light beam is focused on one of tracks of one of the layers thereby to record and reproduce data, the optical disk being characterized in that recording layers each have an identification section storing an address of the recording layer which the identification section belongs to.