Abstract: There is provided a system, method, and interfaces for Radio Access Networks and Cloud Radio Access Networks.

Abstract: A cloud radio access network (CRAN) system includes a baseband unit (BBU) and a radio unit (RU) remote from the BBU. The fronthaul interface between the RU and the BBU includes a radio frequency interface (RF) functionality implemented in the RU, and implementation of physical layer (PHY) functionality split between the BBU and the RU, including downlink (DL) resource element mapping and DL precoding implemented in the RU. Transmission of reference signals from the BBU to the RU is implemented separately from transmission of data from the BBU to the RU. The RU caches the transmitted reference signal based on at least one of subframe, symbol, xRAN resource block (XRB) and resource element (RE) associated with the reference signal. The fronthaul interface supports at least one of: (i) narrow band Internet of things (NB-IoT) physical random access channel (PRACH), and (ii) NB-IoT multi-tone format on physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).

Abstract: A method of performing authentication of a client for wireless communication includes: sending, by the client, a request to an authorization server via a proxy node, to obtain an access token, wherein the request to obtain the access token contains a client signature of the client; authenticating, by the authorization server, the client as a valid recipient of the access token; and authorizing, by the authorization server, the access token to the client after authenticating the client, wherein the authorization is based on at least the client signature contained in the request to obtain the access token.

Abstract: A method of reducing the transmission control protocol acknowledgment (TCP ACK) latency, e.g., in 5G New Radio (NR) or LTE system, is provided, which method is triggered, e.g., for user equipments (UEs) with uplink (UL) inactivity. The time estimation to find the TCP ACK packet arrival is based on estimation time split up in the UE side. In addition, the TCP ACK size estimation is based on the number of TCP data packets sent in Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). Furthermore, the first “proactive allocation window” (the number of the transmission time intervals (TTIs) over which the proactive allocations are given to UE) is set to 4, and subsequently the “proactive allocation window” may be adapted based on learning.

Abstract: There are provided systems, methods, and interfaces for optimization of the fronthaul interface bandwidth for Radio Access Networks and Cloud Radio Access Networks.

Abstract: A Shared Cell (SC) Controller uses deployment information, radio resource utilization measurements, cell load measurements, signal quality measurement, operator's policies and radio capabilities to make decisions on system configuration, re-configuration, and channel allocation related to the Shared Cell groups. The SC Controller may also use artificial intelligence/machine learning to predict future system state when making decisions on system configuration and channel allocation. The SC Controller can be implemented in the context of using a CBRS system, the ORAN architecture, and the Shared Cell group of Radio Units (RUs). SC Controller can be implemented as part of the Non-Real Time Radio Intelligent Controller (Non-RT RIC). The SC Controller interfaces with the Citizens Broadband Radio Service Device (CBSD) Controller, and the SC Controller sends the Shared Cell group information to the O-RU Controller so that the O-RU Controller can configure the radio components.

Abstract: A method of uniquely identifying a user equipment (UE) connected to a radio access network (RAN) includes: providing a radio access network intelligent controller (RIC) component associated with the RAN; configuring, by a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a default data radio bearer (DRB) for the UE to maintain Internet Protocol (I) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) connectivity with the RAN; and using, by the RIC, one of NG uplink (UL) user plane (UP) Transport Layer Information or S1 UL UP Transport Layer Information of the default DRB for uniquely identifying the UE for the entire time the UE is connected to the RAN. The unique identification for the UE is retained across at least one of i) multiple connectivity sessions for the UE, ii) multiple mobility sessions for the UE, and iii) multiple context sessions for the UE.

Abstract: A cloud radio access network (CRAN) system includes a baseband unit (BBU) and a radio unit (RU) remote from the BBU. The fronthaul interface between the RU and the BBU includes a radio frequency interface (RF) functionality implemented in the RU, and implementation of physical layer (PHY) functionality split between the BBU and the RU, including downlink (DL) resource element mapping and DL precoding implemented in the RU. Transmission of reference signals from the BBU to the RU is implemented separately from transmission of data from the BBU to the RU. The RU caches the transmitted reference signal based on at least one of subframe, symbol, xRAN resource block (XRB) and resource element (RE) associated with the reference signal. The fronthaul interface supports at least one of: (i) narrow band Internet of things (NB-IoT) physical random access channel (PRACH), and (ii) NB-IoT multi-tone format on physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).

Abstract: A method of handling communication traffic from one or more User Equipment (UE) in a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN) network includes: analyzing, by an analytics engine in the CRAN network, communication traffic distribution and loads across multiple cell sites; and determining, by the analytics engine, an optimal mapping of one of a specified cell site or a selected sector of a specified cell site to one of a specified virtual machine or server. Communication traffic from a sector of a first cell site having a first type of traffic load profile and communication traffic from a sector of a second specified cell site having a second type of traffic load profile are aggregated by a single specified virtual machine or server.

Abstract: A method of generating and applying combining weights to Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) symbols for Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) fronthaul interface between O-RAN radio unit (O-RU) and O-RAN distributed unit (O-DU) includes: calculating, by the O-DU, a codebook; sending, by the O-DU, the codebook to O-RU; generating, by the O-RU, an RU combiner matrix, using the codebook; applying, by the O-RU, the RU combiner matrix to In-phase and Quadrature (IQ) data to generate compressed IQ data; sending, by the O-RU, the compressed IQ data to O-DU; calculating, by the O-DU, a DU combiner matrix from compressed demodulation reference signal (DMRS); and applying, by the O-DU, the DU combiner matrix to data.

Abstract: There are provided systems, methods, and interfaces for optimization of the fronthaul interface bandwidth for Radio Access Networks and Cloud Radio Access Networks.

Abstract: There is provided a system, method, and interfaces for Radio Access Networks and Cloud Radio Access Networks.

Abstract: A method of reducing the transmission control protocol acknowledgment (TCP ACK) latency, e.g., in 5G New Radio (NR) or LTE system, is provided, which method is triggered, e.g., for user equipments (UEs) with uplink (UL) inactivity. The time estimation to find the TCP ACK packet arrival is based on estimation time split up in the UE side. In addition, the TCP ACK size estimation is based on the number of TCP data packets sent in Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). Furthermore, the first “proactive allocation window” (the number of the transmission time intervals (TTIs) over which the proactive allocations are given to UE) is set to 4, and subsequently the “proactive allocation window” may be adapted based on learning.

Abstract: A method of reducing the Packet Internet Grope (PING) latency, e.g., in 5G New Radio (NR) or LTE system, is provided. When first two PING requests are received from a user equipment (UE) in uplink (UL), the UE will use Scheduling Request (SR) and Buffer Status Report (BSR) cycle to obtain UL grants for the first two PING requests. Starting from the third PING request, the size of the proactive allocation window for giving UL allocation to the PING request is uniquely configured, using a “delay timer” and a “proactive allocation window.” The delay timer is to delay the start of the proactive allocation window from the transmission time interval (TTI) in which the packet type is detected. The proactive allocation window is the number of TTIs over which the proactive allocations are given to a UE.

Abstract: A method of performing validation of an access token under OAuth 2.0 protocol includes: providing, by an authorization server, the access token for service to a client in response to a request for the access token; adding, by the client, a client signature to at least the access token; forwarding, by the client, the access token as part of a service request to a resource server; and validating, by the resource server, whether the client is a valid owner of the access token, wherein the validation is based on at least the client signature of the access token. The validation is based on a hash of a combination of the service request, the access token and a shared secret key common to the client and the resource server, the output of which hash is added to the service request, and the resource server validates the hash.

Abstract: A method of enabling an Open RAN-compatible radio unit (O-RU) to apply different beamforming weights to different physical resource blocks (PRBs) using a single sectionId and a single section extension type includes: specifying a first mode of operation in which flexible sending of beamforming weights from Open RAN-compatible distributed unit (O-DU) to Open RAN-compatible radio unit (O-RU) is provided; and providing, by the O-DU to the O-RU, i) a first parameter specifying the number of bundled physical resource blocks (PRBs) per a set of in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) beamforming weight pairs, each beamforming weight pair comprising an in-phase value and a quadrature value, and ii) a plurality of beamforming weight pairs for a plurality of transceivers associated with each bundle of PRBs. The method provides a new section extension type sent by the O-DU to the O-RU and including a compression parameter for processing or decompressing the beamforming weights.

Abstract: A method of enabling an Open RAN-compatible radio unit (O-RU) to apply different beamforming weights to different physical resource blocks (PRBs) using a single sectionId and a single section extension type includes: specifying a first mode of operation in which the number of beamforming weights in the section extension type 1 is equal to L*numPrbs, L is the number of TRX and numPrbs is the number of physical resource blocks; signaling, by an Open RAN-compatible distributed unit (O-DU) to the O-RU, the first mode of operation by specifying a value of parameter extLen to be zero, wherein extLen is the length of the section extension in units of 32-bit words; and the O-RU applying the kth beamforming weights (bfwI and bfwQ), k=1, 2, . . . , L*numPrbc in section extension type 1 for TRX j, j=0, 1, . . . , L?1 to the ith PRB, i=1,2, . . . , numPrbc defined under the sectionId of the C-plane message.

Abstract: A cloud radio access network (CRAN) system includes a baseband unit (BBU) and a radio unit (RU) remote from the BBU. The fronthaul interface between the RU and the BBU includes a radio frequency interface (RF) functionality implemented in the RU, and implementation of physical layer (PHY) functionality split between the BBU and the RU, including downlink (DL) resource element mapping and DL precoding implemented in the RU. Transmission of reference signals from the BBU to the RU is implemented separately from transmission of data from the BBU to the RU. The RU caches the transmitted reference signal based on at least one of subframe, symbol, xRAN resource block (XRB) and resource element (RE) associated with the reference signal. The fronthaul interface supports at least one of: (i) narrow band Internet of things (NB-IoT) physical random access channel (PRACH), and (ii) NB-IoT multi-tone format on physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).

Abstract: In a system and a method for providing communication within IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) using a connectionless communication protocol, an IMS access layer, an IMS service layer, a common service utilities layer, a unified data repository layer, and an IMS network repository function (NRF) are provided. The IMS access layer terminates incoming communication that uses connection-oriented communication protocol. The IMS service layer is operatively connected to the IMS access layer and includes at least one micro-service implementing IMS service. The common service utilities layer is operatively connected to the IMS service layer and includes at least one utility accessible to the at least one micro-service. The unified data repository layer is operatively connected to, and accessible by, the common service utilities layer, the IMS service layer and the IMS access layer. The IMS NRF enables a network function (NF) or the micro-service to discover another NF or micro-service.

Abstract: In a system and a method for providing authentication for Rich Communication Services (RCS) application on a user equipment (UE), a Proxy Call Session Control Function (P-CSCF) of the IMS receives a SIP REGISTER request message sent from an IMS Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) client on the UE as part of an authentication of the IMS SIP client. A Serving Call Session Control Function (S-CSCF) of the IMS or a registration service performs an Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) challenge with the IMS SIP client as part of the authentication. A Home Subscriber Server (HSS) of the IMS or a Unified Data Management (UDM) function provides, upon successful authentication of the IMS SIP client, an initial authorization grant for the IMS SIP client. The RCS application, after obtaining the initial authorization grant, registers for RCS service with the RCS network, via RCS Application Programming Interface Gateway (API GW).