Abstract: A method for performing optimized radio resource management (RRM) in an O-RAN network, includes: performing, at the RRM analytics module, a machine learning-based analysis to determine an optimal resource allocation policy based on at least one performance measurement performed at a distributed unit (DU); receiving, by the DU, the optimal resource allocation policy determined by the RRM; and utilizing, by the DU, the optimal resource allocation policy to one of schedule or not schedule user equipments (UEs). In a given slot and for a given state of the base station, candidate UEs to serve in the slot are selected based on a chosen policy. If the number of selected candidate UEs is higher than the maximum number the base station can serve in that slot, the radio resource management (RRM) module selects, using the chosen policy, the maximum number of UEs, and the selected UEs are allocated resources.

Abstract: A system for optimizing shut-down and restart of an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) radio unit (O-RU) deployed in an O-RAN Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) network includes: spectrum access system (SAS); CBRS Domain Proxy (DP) located in a Centralized Data Center (CDC); Cloud Management Service (CMS) located in the CDC; a first CBRS Interface Monitoring and Alert (CIMA) located in the CDC; a second CIMA located in a Distributed Data Center (DDC); at least one O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU) located in the DDC; a plurality of O-RAN Radio Units (O-RUs) located in the DDC; and an O1 interface connecting the CDC and DDC. The second CIMA located in the DDC monitors the O1 interface connection to the DDC, and if a failure of the O1 interface lasts longer than a specified time duration Sd, alerts the at least one O-DU regarding the failure of the O1 interface.

Abstract: There is provided a method of operating an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) having an O-RAN radio unit (O-RU) and an O-RU controller. The method includes sending, from the O-RU to the O-RU controller, (i) a message informing that the O-RU supports a feature such as (a) a plurality of delay management profiles, and/or (b) a plurality of transmission window sizes, and (ii) a report of capabilities of the O-RU, where the report includes a parameter such as (a) a quantity of supported delay management profiles, (b) supported window sizes for each of the plurality of delay management profiles, and/or (c) a supported window offset for each of the plurality of delay management profiles. The O-RU controller configures the O-RU based on the feature and the parameter.

Abstract: A method of Narrow-band Internet of Things physical random-access channel (NPRACH) communication includes: transmitting, from a user equipment (UE), a Narrow-band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) symbol using a transmit inverse fast Fourier transform (Tx-IFFT) having a first length; processing, at lower physical layer (LPHY) of a baseband unit (BBU), the NB-IoT OFDMA symbol using a receive fast Fourier transform (Rx-FFT) having a second length different from the first length to generate an Rx-FFT output; sending, from the LPHY of the BBU to upper physical layer (UPHY) of the BBU, a selected number of values of the Rx-FFT output corresponding to desired resources block in the NB-IoT OFDMA symbol; filtering, at the UPHY, intercarrier interference (ICI) from the selected number of values of the Rx-FFT output; and reconstructing, at the UPHY, the NB-IoT OFDMA symbol.

Abstract: A method for optimizing bandwidth part (BWP) management for 5G wireless network includes: periodically analyzing, by a BWP analytics module located at one of near-real-time radio access network intelligent controller (near-RT RIC) or a distributed unit (DU) of a gNodeB, at least one of physical resource block (PRB) utilization difference, delay violation percentage corresponding to a percentage of logical channels not able to meet delay requirements for quality of service (QOS) profile assigned to the logical channels, throughput, and interference levels of a BWP to classify the BWP; periodically analyzing, by the BWP analytics module, at least one of PRB utilization, throughput, and delay requirements of at least one user equipment (UE); and categorizing, by the BWP analytics module, the at least one UE into one of a plurality of BWP classifications based on the analyzing of the at least one of PRB utilization, throughput, and delay requirements.

Abstract: A method of implementing an optimal handover of a user equipment (UE) in an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) system from a first serving cell subject to a shutdown to an optimal target cell for the UE before executing the shutdown includes: providing an event trigger style for an event trigger used to trigger an event in an E2 node of the O-RAN system when a configuration change is ongoing within the E2 node, wherein the event trigger style is provided as radio intelligent controller (RIC) Event Trigger Definition information element (IE) Style Type 5; sending the event trigger from the E2 node to a near-real time (near-RT) RIC; and sending, by the near-RT RIC, a control message to the E2 node to implement the optimal handover of the UE to the optimal target cell for the UE.

Abstract: A method for providing generic information encoding for RAN OAM-related data by providing semantics of RAN OAM data including CM/PM/Trace data and a generic information encoding model using Information Elements (IE) and/or IE structures that leverage the RAN semantics for encoding RAN OAM-related data using common message structures to encode any number of OAM-related RAN parameters, nested in hierarchical RAN structures to any depths enabling an R1 data consumer via a data customer computer to discover data capabilities of an R1 data producer that produces the RAN OAM-related data over an O-RAN-standardized R1 interface between rApps and Non-RT RIC/SMO platform functions.

Abstract: In a method for optimizing radio resource allocation for 5G-slicing environment, each of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) schedulers allocate resources to each protocol data unit (PDU) session according to the following rules for each radio resource management (RRM) policy ratio instance n, n=1,2, . . . , N: i) dedicated resource allocation: an aggregate of X_n % of total available resources Avail_RBTOT is allocated to all PDU sessions belonging to slices in a member List L_n; ii) prioritized resource allocation: an aggregate of (Y_n?X_n) % of Avail_RBTOT is allocated to PDU sessions belonging to slices in L_n; and iii) shared resource allocation: remaining resources are shared by all signaling radio bearers (SRBs), Medium Access Control elements (MAC-CEs) and PDU sessions, such that the aggregate resources allocated to PDU sessions in L_n do not exceed Z_n % of Avail_RBTOT for each n=0, 1, 2, . . . , N.

Abstract: A method for load balancing in an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) system having an overloaded serving cell of a first base station includes: determining, by at least the first base station, radio-resource-usage efficiency of each one of a subset of user equipments (UEs) in the overloaded serving cell; determining, by at least the first base station, from the subset of UEs a list of candidate UEs for handover from the overloaded serving cell to a non-overloaded neighboring cell, based on one of i) per-UE average physical resource block (PRB) usage over a specified time period, or ii) per-UE average of measurements involving modulation-and-coding-scheme over a specified time period; and handing over, by the first base station, at least a selected number of UEs from the list of candidate UEs to the non-overloaded neighboring cell to implement load balancing.

Abstract: With MR-DC, UE is connected to both MCG and SCG. When an MCG handover failure occurs, there is a defined method to categorize the handover failures and take corrective actions, however, for SCG handover failures, there are no defined categorizations and corresponding corrective actions currently available. The current method facilitates identification and categorization of SCG handover failures to be categorized as too early, too late and wrong cell handovers. By fine-tuning the handover parameters (based on the SCG handover failure type) SCG handover failure rates would be reduced significantly.

Abstract: Canary upgrades are currently supported only for one set of microservices that are stateless. This does not allow for canary evaluation of all microservices that are part of a Containerized Network Function (CNF). This CNF level Canary deployment extends the capability to all microservices in a CNF deployed in different modes like stateless, stateful, singleton, active/standby. CNF level Canary deployment facilitates evaluation of complete CNF in a controlled fashion before extending the same to all production deployments. In addition, Canary deployment is also extended across CNFs to facilitate evaluation of a feature/performance across multiple CNFs of a new release in a controlled fashion.

Abstract: A method for optimizing Control Unit (CU)-Distributed Unit (DU) flow control to detect congestion over midhaul and take corrective action to reduce packet dropping in the midhaul includes: computing, by DU, desired data rate (DDR) for each data radio bearer (DRB); and sending, by the DU, the DDR every time when desired buffer size (DBS) is sent from DU to CU user plane (CU-UP), along with Downlink Data Delivery Status (DDDS). DU computes DDR for a DRB as follows: DDR=TBS(MCS?, prb?, rank)*(number of slots/subframe in 1 sec)*(beta)*(beta_drb), with TBS being the Transport block size computation, and MCS?=min {(current MCS+MCS_step), MCSmax}.

Abstract: A method for providing enhanced resiliency of a radio access network (RAN) cell site having multiple sectors includes: providing a first radio unit (RU) simultaneously serving a first set of sectors with a first set of antenna streams; providing a second RU simultaneously serving at least a second set of sectors with a second set of antenna streams; providing a third RU simultaneously serving at least a third set of sectors with a third set of antenna streams; and reconfiguring, by a network management unit, at least the first set of sectors with a reduced antenna configuration in the case of one of a failure or shutdown of the first RU, and all sectors of the cell site are served by the second RU and the third RU to remain in service.

Abstract: A method for optimizing uplink performance of Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) system implementing O-RAN split option 7-2x-based uplink (UL) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) operation includes: selectively utilizing non-port reduced DMRS symbols and non-port reduced DMRS measurements to mitigate performance degradation of the UL MIMO in conditions involving high mobility for a user equipment (UE) and/or high interference. The non-port reduced DMRS symbols are DMRS symbols from multiple antenna streams before digital beamforming operation, and non-port reduced DMRS measurements are measurements derived from the non-port reduced DMRS symbols. A radio unit (RU) of the O-RAN system i) extracts the non-port reduced DMRS symbols, and ii) transmits the non-port reduced DMRS measurements to a distributed unit (DU) of the O-RAN system. The DU transmits combining and/or digital beamforming matrix elements to the RU for combining and/or digital beamforming matrix application.

Abstract: A method that uses CCE randomization to improve the detectability of PDCCH transmission in 5G NR applications to increase the RACH success rate and throughput at the system level. The method includes allocating PDCCH CCE for CORESETs for nearby sectors to be separated by frequency and/or by time providing differing Start CCE indexes for CORESETs according to the aggregation levels in PDCCH transmission.

Abstract: A method and system for parallel processing multi-antenna calibration by applying a Hadamard code on top of the network-affected Zadoff-Chu sequence, which allows simultaneous antennas to be AC injected. The Hadamard code that is applied on the parallel injecting multi-antennas converts the ZC sequence to P orthogonal ZC-Hadamard sequences that are decodable and separable from the captured combined sequence.

Abstract: A method for optimizing coexistence of low latency, low loss and scalable throughput (L4S) traffic and non-L4S traffic in a 5G wireless system is provided, which method includes one of: a) performing one of i) a flow control between a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), or ii) radio resource management at the DU, to reduce latency experienced by the L4S traffic; or b) performing one of iii) a flow control between the CU and the DU to facilitate greater frequency of transmission of non-L4S traffic from CU-user plane (CU-UP) to the DU, or iv) radio resource management at the DU, to reduce a scheduling priority metric of a logical channel for the L4S traffic relative to a scheduling priority metric of a logical channel for the non-L4S traffic. To reduce latency of the L4S traffic, the L4S traffic scheduling priority is increased relative to the non-L4S traffic.

Abstract: A method for optimizing Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) sweep by a gNodeB in a 5G wireless system includes: sweeping, by a gNB, SSBs and collecting a user equipment (UE)-specific beam direction history; determining, by at least one of an artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) engine, an optimal number of SSB beams and optimal set of beam directions based on the UE-specific beam direction history, and a complementary set of beam directions for the optimal set of beam directions; transmitting, by the at least one of the AI and ML engine, both the optimal set and the complementary set of SSB beam directions to the gNB; and transmitting, by the gNB, i) at every t1 milliseconds (ms), SSBs in the optimal beam directions, and ii) at every t2 ms, SSBs in the optimal directions as well as the complementary directions, wherein t2>t1 and t1, t2?{5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160} ms.

Abstract: A system and a method are provided for optimizing application of timing advance command (TAC) mechanism in a Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) non-terrestrial network (NTN) system utilizes a timing advance (TA) estimation restriction duration. After one operation of a timing advance (TA) estimation resulting in issuing of an initial TAC, the gNB ignores the results of new TA estimations until specified X seconds after the initial TAC is sent. TA estimation restriction duration refers to the time duration between the initial TA estimation and X seconds after the initial TAC. The value of X is specified such that X represents the minimum duration starting from the transmission of the first TAC in which any received NPUSCH within this duration is not based on a new TAC. By applying the TA estimation restriction duration, multiple corrections of the same TA error are prevented.

Abstract: A zero-touch provision Radio Access Network Distributed Unit (DU) server for a remote cell site that uses a Network Interface Card (NIC) to function temporarily as a Cell Site Router (CSR) to establish a connection with a central database to download BIOS/Operating System to boot the DU server, wherein once the DU server is booted, software executes that boots up a virtual CSR (vCSR). Once the vCSR is up and running, the vCSR reprograms the NIC to perform offloading networking tasks from the DU server CPU to a network processing unit (NPU) on the NIC. The NPU is designed to handle networking tasks such as packet encryption, packet classification, packet filtering, load balancing, and security features.