Abstract: The present invention includes a method of activating irisin by administering to an individual in need of such treatment a composition comprising irisin-activating ingredients, thus increasing the conversion of white fat to BAT, and consequently, increasing metabolic rate and promoting weight loss. In an embodiment, the composition includes a Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract, a Polygonum cuspidatum root extract, capsaicinoids, and grains of paradise or constituents thereof. The composition may optionally comprise additional ingredients to activate the increased BAT, thus further increasing metabolic rate and furthering weight loss.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method of activating irisin by administering to an individual in need of such treatment a composition comprising irisin-activating ingredients, thus increasing the conversion of white fat to BAT, and consequently, increasing metabolic rate and promoting weight loss. In an embodiment, the composition includes a Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract, a Polygonum cuspidatum root extract, capsaicinoids, and grains of paradise or constituents thereof. The composition may optionally comprise additional ingredients to activate the increased BAT, thus further increasing metabolic rate and furthering weight loss.

Abstract: Described herein are nutritional supplements containing ?-hydroxy-isocaproic acid and aspartic acid (e.g., DAA) and their methods of use in enhancing muscle performance and/or recovery after exercise. The nutritional supplements can be used to enhance muscle building and lean body mass, enhance muscle and physical performance, enhance recovery, and prevent catabolism (muscle atrophy or wasting) when administered to a mammalian subject.